Knowledge of Higher Worlds and its Attainment
GA 10
VI. The Transformation of Dream Life
[ 1 ] An intimation that the student has reached or will soon reach the stage of development described in the preceding chapter will be found in the change which comes over his dream life. His dreams, hitherto confused and haphazard, now begin to assume a more regular character. Their pictures begin to succeed each other in sensible connection, like the thoughts and ideas of daily life. He can discern in them law, cause, and effect. The content, too, of his dreams is changed. While hitherto he discerned only reminiscences of daily life and transformed impressions of his surroundings or of his physical condition, there now appear before him pictures of a world he has hitherto not known. At first the general character of his dream life remains unchanged, in as far as dreams are distinguished from waking mental activity by the symbolical presentation of what they wish to express. No attentive observer of dream life can fail to detect this characteristic. For instance, a person may dream that he has caught some horrible creature, and he feels an unpleasant sensation in his hand. He wakes to discover that he is tightly grasping a corner of the blanket. The truth is not presented to the mind, except through the medium of a symbolical image. A man may dream that he is flying from some pursuer and is stricken with fear. On waking, he finds that he has been suffering, during sleep, from palpitations of the heart. Disquieting dreams can also be traced to indigestible food. Occurrences in the immediate vicinity may also reflect themselves symbolically in dreams. The striking of a clock may evoke the picture of a troop of soldiers marching by to the beat of drums. A falling chair may be the occasion of a whole dream drama in which the sound of the fall is reproduced as the report of a gun, and so forth. The more regulated dreams of esoteric students whose etheric body has begun its development retain this symbolical method of expression, but they will cease merely to reflect reality connected with the physical body and physical environment. As the dreams due to the latter causes become more connected, they are mingled with similar pictures expressing things and events of another world. These are the first experiences lying beyond the range of waking consciousness.
Yet no true mystic will ever make his experiences in dreams the basis of any authoritative account of the higher world. Such dreams must be merely considered as providing the first hint of a higher development. Very soon and as a further result, the student's dreams will no longer remain beyond the reach of intellectual guidance as heretofore, but on the contrary, will be mentally controlled and supervised like the impressions and conceptions of waking consciousness. The difference between dream and waking consciousness grows ever smaller. The dreamer remains awake in the fullest sense of the word during his dream life; that is, he is aware of his mastery and control over his own vivid mental activity.
[ 2 ] During our dreams we are actually in a world other than that of our senses; but with undeveloped spiritual organs we can form none other than the confused conceptions of it described above. It is only in so far present for us as, for instance, the world of sense could be for a being equipped with no more than rudimentary eyes. That is why we can see nothing in this world but counterfeits and reflections of daily life. The latter are perceptible to us because our own soul paints its daily experiences in pictorial form into the substance of which that other world consists. It must be clearly understood that in addition to our ordinary conscious work-a-day life we lead a second, unconscious life in that other world. We engrave in it all our thoughts and perceptions. These tracings only become visible when the lotus flowers are developed. Now, in every human being there are slender rudiments of these lotus flowers. We cannot perceive by means of them during waking consciousness because the impressions made on them are very faint. We cannot see the stars during the daytime for a similar reason: their visibility is extinguished by the mighty glare of the sun. Thus, too, the faint spiritual impressions cannot make themselves felt in the face of the powerful impressions received through the senses.
Now, when the gate of the senses is closed during sleep, these other impressions begin to emerge confusedly, and the dreamer becomes aware of experiences in another world. But as already explained, these experiences consist at first merely of pictures engraved in the spiritual world by our mental activity attached to the physical senses. Only developed lotus flowers make it possible for manifestations not derived from the physical world to be imprinted in the same way. And then the etheric body, when developed, brings full knowledge concerning these engraved impressions derived from other worlds.
This is the beginning of life and activity in a new world, and at this point esoteric training must set the student a twofold task. To begin with, he must learn to take stock of everything he observes in his dreams, exactly as though he were awake. Then, if successful in this, he is led to make the same observations during ordinary waking consciousness. He will so train his attention and receptivity for these spiritual impressions that they need no longer vanish in the face of the physical impressions, but will always be at hand for him and reach him in addition to the others.
[ 3 ] When the student has acquired this faculty there arises before his spiritual eyes something of the picture described in the preceding chapter, and he can henceforth discern all that the spiritual world contains as the cause of the physical world. Above all things he can perceive and gain knowledge of his own higher self in this world. The next task now confronting him is to grow, as it were, into this higher self, that is, really to regard it as his own true self and to act accordingly. He realizes ever more clearly and intensely that his physical body and what he hitherto called his “I” are merely the instruments of his higher self. He adopts an attitude toward his lower self such as a person limited to the world of the senses adopts toward some instrument or vehicle that serves him. No one includes as part of himself the vehicle in which he is traveling, even though he says: “I travel”; so, too, when an inwardly developed person says: “I go through the door,” his actual conception is: “I carry my body through the door.” Only this must become a natural concept for him, so that he never for a moment loses his firm footing in the physical world, or feels estranged from it. If the student is to avoid becoming a fantastic visionary he must not impoverish his life through his higher consciousness, but on the contrary, enrich it, as a person enriches his life by using the railway and not merely his legs to cover a certain distance.
[ 4 ] When the student has thus raised himself to a life in the higher ego, or rather during his acquisition of the higher consciousness, he will learn how to stir to life the spiritual perceptive force in the organ of the heart and control it through the currents described in the foregoing chapter. This perceptive force is an element of higher sustainability, which proceeds from the organ in question and flows with beautiful radiance through the moving lotus flowers and the other channels of the developed etheric body. Thence it radiates outward into the surrounding spiritual world rendering it spiritually visible, just as the sunlight falling on the objects of the physical world renders them visible.
[ 5 ] How this perceptive force in the heart organ is created can only be gradually understood in the course of actual development.
[ 6 ] It is only when this organ of perception can be sent through the etheric body and into the outer world, to illumine the objects there, that the actual spiritual world, as composed of objects and beings, can be clearly perceived. Thus it will be seen that complete consciousness of an object in the spiritual world is only possible when man himself casts upon it the spiritual light. Now, the ego which creates this organ of perception does not dwell within, but outside the physical body, as already shown. The heart organ is only the spot where the individual man kindles, from without, this spiritual light organ. Were the latter kindled elsewhere, the spiritual perceptions produced by it would have no connection with the physical world. But all higher spiritual realities must be related to the physical world, and man himself must act as a channel through which they flow into it. It is precisely through the heart organ that the higher ego governs the physical self, making it into its instrument.
[ 7 ] Now, the feelings of an esoterically developed person toward the things of the spiritual world are very different from the feelings of the undeveloped person toward the things of the physical world. The latter feels himself to be at a particular place in the world of sense, and the surrounding objects to be external to him. The spiritually developed person feels himself to be united with, and as though in the interior of, the spiritual objects he perceives. He wanders, in fact, from place to place in spiritual space, and is therefore called the wanderer in the language of occult science. He has no home at first. Should he, however, remain a mere wanderer he would be unable to define any object in spiritual space. Just as objects and places in physical space are defined from a fixed point of departure, this, too, must be the case in the other world. He must seek out some place, thoroughly investigate it, and take spiritual possession of it. In this place he must establish his spiritual home and relate everything else to it. In physical life, too, a person sees everything in terms of his physical home. Natives of Berlin and Paris will involuntarily describe London in a different way. And yet there is a difference between the spiritual and the physical home. We are born into the latter without our co-operation and instinctively absorb, during our childhood, a number of ideas by which everything is henceforth involuntarily colored. The student, however, himself founds his own spiritual home in full consciousness. His judgment, therefore, based on this spiritual home, is formed in the light of freedom. This founding of a spiritual home is called in the language of occult science the building of the hut.
[ 8 ] Spiritual vision at this stage extends to the spiritual counterparts of the physical world, so far as these exist in the so-called astral world. There everything is found which in its nature is similar to human instincts, feelings, desires, and passions. For powers related to all these human characteristics are associated with all physical objects. A crystal, for instance, is cast in its form by powers which, seen from a higher standpoint, appear as an active human impulse. Similar forces drive the sap through the capillaries of the plant, cause the blossoms to unfold and the seed vessels to burst. To developed spiritual organs of perception all these forces appear gifted with form and color, just as the objects of the physical world have form and color for physical eyes. At this stage in his development the student sees not only the crystal and the plant, but also the spiritual forces mentioned above. Animal and human impulses are perceptible to him not only through their physical manifestation in the individual, but directly as objects; he perceives them just as he perceives tables and chairs in the physical world. The whole range of instincts, impulses, desires and passions, both of an animal and of a human being, constitute the astral cloud or aura in which the being is enveloped.
[ 9 ] Furthermore, the clairvoyant can at this stage perceive things which are almost or entirely withheld from the senses. He can, for instance, tell the astral difference between a room full of low or of high-minded people. Not only the physical but also the spiritual atmosphere of a hospital differs from that of a ballroom. A commercial town has a different astral air from that of a university town. In the initial stages of clairvoyance this perceptive faculty is but slightly developed; its relation to the objects in question is similar to the relation of dream consciousness to waking consciousness in ordinary life; it will, however, become fully awakened at this stage as well.
[ 10 ] The highest achievement of a clairvoyant who has attained the degree of vision described above is that in which the astral counter-effects of animal and human impulses and passions are revealed to him. A loving action is accompanied by quite a different astral concomitant from one inspired by hate. Senseless desire gives rise to an ugly astral counterpart, while a feeling evoked by a high ideal creates one that is beautiful. These astral images are but faintly perceptible during physical life, for their strength is diminished by life in the physical world. The desire for an object, for example, produces a counterpart of this sort in addition to the semblance of the desire itself in the astral world. If, however, the object be attained and the desire satisfied, or if, at any rate, the possibility of satisfaction is forthcoming, the corresponding image will show but faintly. It only attains its full force after the death of the individual human being, when the soul in accordance with her nature still harbors such desires, but can no longer satisfy them, because the object and the physical organ are both lacking. The gourmand, for instance, will still retain, after death, the desire to please his palate; but there is no possibility of satisfying this desire because he no longer has a palate. As a result, the desire produces an especially powerful counterpart, by which the soul is tormented. These experiences evoked by the counterparts of the lower soul-nature after death are called the experiences in the soul-world, especially in the region of desires. They only vanish when the soul has purified herself from all desires inclining toward the physical world. Then only does the soul mount to the higher regions, to the world of spirit. Even though these images are faint during life in the physical world, they are none the less present, following man as his world of desire, in the way a comet is followed by its tail. They can be seen by a clairvoyant at the requisite stage of development.
[ 11 ] Such and similar experiences fill the life of the student during the period described above. He cannot attain higher spiritual experience at this stage of development, but must climb still higher from this point.
Veränderungen im Traumleben des Geheimschülers
[ 1 ] Eine Ankündigung, daß der Geheimschüler die im vorigen Kapitel beschriebene Stufe der Entwickelung erreicht hat oder doch bald erreichen werde, ist die Veränderung, die mit seinem Traumleben vorgeht. Vorher waren die Träume verworren und willkürlich. Nun fangen sie an, einen regelmäßigen Charakter anzunehmen. Ihre Bilder werden sinnvoll zusammenhängend wie die Vorstellungen des Alltagslebens. Man kann in ihnen Gesetz, Ursache und Wirkung erkennen. Und auch der Inhalt der Träume ändert sich. Während man vorher nur Nachklänge des täglichen Lebens, umgeformte Eindrücke der Umgebung oder der eigenen Körperzustände wahrnimmt, treten jetzt Bilder aus einer Welt auf, mit der man vorher unbekannt war. Zunächst bleibt allerdings der allgemeine Charakter des Traumlebens bestehen, insofern sich der Traum vom wachen Vorstellen dadurch unterscheidet, daß er sinnbildlich dasjenige gibt, was er ausdrücken will. Einem aufmerksamen Beurteiler des Traumlebens kann ja diese Sinnbildlichkeit nicht entgehen. Man träumt zum Beispiel davon, daß man ein häßliches Tier gefangen und ein unangenehmes Gefühl in der Hand hat. Man wacht auf und merkt, daß man einen Zipfel der Bettdecke mit der Hand umschlossen hält. Die Wahrnehmung drückt sich also nicht ungeschminkt aus, sondern durch das gekennzeichnete Sinnbild. –Oder man träumt, daß man vor einem Verfolger flieht; man empfindet dabei Angst. Beim Aufwachen zeigt sich, daß man von Herzklopfen während des Schlafes befallen war. Der Magen, welcher mit schwerverdaulichen Speisen erfüllt ist, verursacht beängstigende Traumbilder. Auch Vorgänge in der Umgebung des schlafenden Menschen spiegeln sich im Traume als Sinnbilder. Das Schlagen einer Uhr kann das Bild eines Soldatentrupps hervorrufen, der bei Trommelschlag vorbeimarschiert. Ein umfallender Stuhl kann die Veranlassung zu einem ganzen Traumdrama sein, in dem der Schlag sich als Schuß widerspiegelt und so weiter. – Diese sinnbildliche Art des Ausdruckes hat nun auch der geregelte Traum des Menschen, dessen Ätherkörper sich zu entwickeln beginnt. Aber er hört auf, bloße Tatsachen der physischen Umgebung oder des eigenen sinnlichen Leibes widerzuspiegeln. So wie diejenigen Träume regelmäßig werden, welche diesen Dingen ihren Ursprung verdanken, so mischen sich auch solche Traumbilder ein, die Ausdruck von Dingen und Verhältnissen einer anderen Welt sind. Hier werden zuerst Erfahrungen gemacht, welche dem gewöhnlichen Tagesbewußtsein unzugänglich sind. – Nun darf man keineswegs glauben, daß irgendein wahrer Mystiker die Dinge, die er in solcher Art traumhaft erlebt, zur Grundlage irgendwelcher maßgebenden Mitteilungen einer höheren Welt schon macht. Nur als die ersten Anzeichen einer höheren Entwickelung hat man solche Traumerlebnisse zu betrachten. – Bald tritt auch als weitere Folge die Tatsache ein, daß die Bilder des träumenden Geheimschülers nicht mehr wie früher der Leitung des besonnenen Verstandes entzogen sind, sondern von diesem geregelt und ordnungsgemäß überschaut werden wie die Vorstellungen und Empfindungen des Wachbewußtseins. Es verschwindet eben immer mehr und mehr der Unterschied zwischen dem Traumbewußtsein und diesem Wachzustand. Der Träumende ist im vollen Sinne des Wortes während des Traumlebens wach; das heißt, er fühlt sich als Herr und Führer seiner bildhaften Vorstellungen.
[ 2 ] Während des Träumens befindet sich der Mensch tatsächlich in einer Welt, welche von derjenigen seiner physischen Sinne verschieden ist. Nur vermag der Mensch mit unentwickelten geistigen Organen sich von dieser Welt keine anderen als die gekennzeichneten verworrenen Vorstellungen zu bilden. Sie ist für ihn nur so vorhanden, wie die sinnliche Welt für ein Wesen da wäre, das höchstens die allerersten Anlagen von Augen hat. Deshalb kann der Mensch auch nichts sehen in dieser Welt als die Nachbilder und Widerspiegelungen des gewöhnlichen Lebens. Diese kann er aber aus dem Grunde im Traume sehen, weil seine Seele ihre Tageswahmehmungen selbst als Bilder in den Stoff hineinmalt, aus dem jene andere Welt besteht. Man muß sich nämlich klar darüber sein, daß der Mensch neben seinem gewöhnlichen bewußten Tagesleben noch ein zweites, unbewußtes, in der angedeuteten anderen Welt führt. Alles, was er wahrnimmt und denkt, gräbt er in Abdrücken in diese Welt ein. Man kann diese Abdrucke eben nur sehen, wenn die Lotusblumen entwickelt sind. Nun sind bei jedem Menschen gewisse spärliche Anlagen der Lotusblumen immer vorhanden. Während des Tagesbewußtseins kann er damit nichts wahrnehmen, weil die Eindrücke auf ihn ganz schwach sind. Es ist dies aus einem ähnlichen Grunde, warum man während des Tages die Sterne nicht sieht. Sie kommen für die Wahrnehmungen gegenüber dem mächtig wirkenden Sonnenlicht nicht auf. So kommen die schwachen geistigen Eindrücke gegenüber den machtvollen Eindrücken der physischen Sinne nicht zur Geltung. Wenn nun im Schlaf die Tore der äußeren Sinne geschlossen sind, so leuchten diese Eindrücke verworren auf. Und der Träumende wird dann der in einer anderen Welt gemachten Erfahrungen gewahr. Aber, wie gesagt, zunächst sind diese Erfahrungen nichts weiter als dasjenige, was das an die physischen Sinne gebundene Vorstellen selbst in die geistige Welt eingegraben hat. – Erst die entwickelten Lotusblumen machen es möglich, daß Kundgebungen, welche nicht der physischen Welt angehören, dort verzeichnet werden. Und durch den entwickelten Ätherleib entsteht dann ein volles Wissen von diesen aus anderen Welten herrührenden Einzeichnungen. – Damit hat der Verkehr des Menschen in einer neuen Welt begonnen. Und der Mensch muß jetzt – durch die Anleitungen der Geheimschulung – ein Doppeltes zunächst erreichen. Zuerst muß es ihm möglich werden, ganz vollständig wie im Wachen die im Traume gemachten Beobachtungen zu gewahren. Hat er dies erreicht, so wird er dazu geführt, dieselben Beobachtungen auch während des gewöhnlichen Wachzustandes zu machen. Seine Aufmerksamkeit auf geistige Eindrücke wird da einfach so geregelt, daß diese Eindrücke gegenüber den physischen nicht mehr zu verschwinden brauchen, sondern daß er sie neben und mit diesen immerfort haben kann.
[ 3 ] Hat der Geheimschüler diese Fähigkeit erlangt, dann tritt eben vor seinen geistigen Augen etwas von dem Gemälde auf, das im vorigen Kapitel beschrieben worden ist. Er kann nunmehr wahrnehmen, was in der geistigen Welt vorhanden ist als die Ursache für die physische. Und er kann vor allem sein höheres Selbst innerhalb dieser Welt erkennen. – Seine nächste Aufgabe ist nun, in dieses höhere Selbst gewissermaßen hineinzuwachsen, das heißt, es wirklich als seine wahre Wesenheit anzusehen und auch sich dementsprechend zu verhalten. Immer mehr erhält er nun die Vorstellung und das lebendige Gefühl davon, daß sein physischer Leib und was er vorher sein «Ich» genannt hat, nur mehr ein Werkzeug des höheren Ich ist. Er bekommt eine Empfindung gegenüber dem niederen Selbst, wie es der auf die Sinnenwelt beschränkte Mensch gegenüber einem Werkzeug oder Fahrzeug hat, deren er sich bedient. So wie dieser den Wagen, in dem er fährt, nicht zu seinem «Ich» rechnet, auch wenn er sagt: «Ich fahre» wie «Ich gehe», so hat der entwickelte Mensch, wenn er sagt: «Ich gehe zur Tür hinein», eigentlich die Vorstellung: «Ich trage meinen Leib zur Tür hinein.» Nur muß das für ihn ein so selbstverständlicher Begriff sein, daß er nicht einen Augenblick den festen Boden der physischen Welt verliert, daß niemals ein Gefühl von Entfremdung deshalb gegenüber der Sinnenwelt auftritt. Soll der Geheimschüler nicht zum Schwärmer oder Phantasten werden, so muß er durch das höhere Bewußtsein sein Leben in der physischen Welt nicht verarmen, sondern bereichern, so wie es derjenige bereichert, der sich statt seiner Beine eines Eisenbahnzuges bedient, um einen Weg zu machen.
[ 4 ] Hat es der Geheimschüler zu einem solchen Leben in seinem höheren Ich gebracht, dann – oder vielmehr schon während der Aneignung des höheren Bewußtseins – wird ihm klar, wie er die geistige Wahrnehmungskraft in dem in der Herzgegend erzeugten Organ zum Dasein erwecken und durch die in den vorigen Kapiteln charakterisierten Strömungen leiten kann. Diese Wahrnehmungskraft ist ein Element von höherer Stofflichkeit, das von dem genannten Organ ausgeht und in leuchtender Schönheit durch die sich bewegenden Lotusblumen und auch durch die anderen Kanäle des ausgebildeten Ätherleibes strömt. Es strahlt von da nach außen in die umgebende geistige Welt und macht sie geistig sichtbar, wie das von außen auf die Gegenstände fallende Sonnenlicht diese physisch sichtbar macht.
[ 5 ] Wie diese Wahrnehmungskraft im Herzorgane erzeugt wird, das kann nur allmählich im Ausbilden selbst verstanden werden.
[ 6 ] Deutlich als Gegenstände und Wesen wahrnehmbar wird die geistige Welt eigentlich erst für einen Menschen, der in solcher Art das charakterisierte Wahmehmungsorgan durch seinen Ätherleib und nach der Außenwelt senden kann, um damit die Gegenstände zu beleuchten. – Man sieht daraus, daß ein vollkommenes Bewußtsein von einem Gegenstande der geistigen Welt nur unter der Bedingung entstehen kann, daß der Mensch selbst das Geisteslicht auf ihn wirft. In Wahrheit wohnt nun das «Ich», welches dieses Wahmehmungsorgan erzeugt, gar nicht im physischen Menschenkörper, sondern, wie gezeigt worden ist, außerhalb desselben. Das Herzorgan ist nur der Ort, wo der Mensch von außen her dieses geistige Lichtorgan entfacht. Würde er es nicht hier, sondern an einem anderen Orte entzünden, so hätten die durch dasselbe zustande gebrachten geistigen Wahrnehmungen keinen Zusammenhang mit der physischen Welt. Aber der Mensch soll ja alles höhere Geistige eben auf die physische Welt beziehen und durch sich in die letztere hereinwirken lassen. Das Herzorgan ist gerade dasjenige, durch welches das höhere Ich das sinnliche Selbst zu seinem Werkzeug macht und von dem aus dies letztere gehandhabt wird.
[ 7 ] Nun ist die Empfindung, welche der entwickelte Mensch gegenüber den Dingen der geistigen Welt hat, eine andere als die, welche dem Sinnenmenschen gegenüber der physischen Welt eigen ist. Der letztere fühlt sich an einem gewissen Orte der Sinnenwelt, und die wahrgenommenen Gegenstände sind für ihn «außerhalb». Der geistig entwickelte Mensch dagegen fühlt sich mit dem geistigen Gegenstande seiner Wahrnehmung wie vereinigt, wie «im Innern» desselben. Er wandelt in der Tat im Geistesraume von Ort zu Ort. Man nennt ihn deshalb in der Sprache der Geheimwissenschaft auch den «Wanderer». Er ist zunächst nirgends zu Hause. – Bliebe er bei dieser bloßen Wanderschaft, dann könnte er keinen Gegenstand im geistigen Raume wirklich bestimmen. Wie man einen Gegenstand oder Ort im physischen Raume dadurch bestimmt, daß man von einem gewissen Punkte ausgeht, so muß das auch in der erreichten anderen Welt der Fall sein. Man muß sich auch da irgendwo einen Ort suchen, den man zunächst ganz genau erforscht und geistig für sich in Besitz nimmt. In diesem Orte muß man sich eine geistige Heimat gründen und dann alles andere zu dieser Heimat in ein Verhältnis setzen. Auch der in der physischen Welt lebende Mensch sieht ja alles so, wie es die Vorstellungen seiner physischen Heimat mit sich bringen. Ein Berliner beschreibt unwillkürlich London anders als ein Pariser. Nur ist es mit der geistigen Heimat doch anders als mit der physischen. In die letztere ist man ohne sein Zutun hineingeboren, in ihr hat man während der Jugendzeit eine Reihe von Vorstellungen instinktiv aufgenommen, von denen fortan alles unwillkürlich beleuchtet wird. Die geistige Heimat hat man sich aber mit vollem Bewußtsein selbst gebildet. Man urteilt von ihr ausgehend deshalb auch in voller lichter Freiheit. Dieses Bilden einer geistigen Heimat nennt man in der Sprache der Geheimwissenschaft «eine Hütte bauen».
[ 8 ] Das geistige Schauen auf dieser Stufe erstreckt sich zunächst auf die geistigen Gegenbilder der physischen Welt, soweit diese Gegenbilder in der sogenannten astralen Welt liegen. In dieser Welt befindet sich alles dasjenige, was seinem Wesen nach gleich den menschlichen Trieben, Gefühlen, Begierden und Leidenschaften ist. Denn zu allen den Menschen umgebenden Sinnesdingen gehören auch Kräfte, die mit diesen menschlichen verwandt sind. Ein Kristall zum Beispiel wird in seine Form gegossen durch Kräfte, die sich der höheren Anschauung gegenüber ausnehmen wie ein Trieb, der im Menschen wirkt. Durch ähnliche Kräfte wird der Saft durch die Gefäße der Pflanze geleitet, werden die Blüten zur Entfaltung, die Samenkapseln zum Aufspringen gebracht. Alle diese Kräfte gewinnen Form und Farbe für die entwickelten geistigen Wahmehmungsorgane, wie die Gegenstände der physischen Welt Form und Farbe für das physische Auge haben. Der Geheimschüler sieht auf der geschilderten Stufe seiner Entwickelung nicht nur den Kristall, die Pflanze, sondern auch die gekennzeichneten geistigen Kräfte. Und er sieht die tierischen und menschlichen Triebe nicht nur durch die physischen Lebensäußerungen ihrer Träger, sondern auch unmittelbar als Gegenstände, wie er in der physischen Welt Tische und Stühle sieht. Die ganze Instinkt-, Trieb-, Wunsch-, Leidenschaftswelt eines Tieres oder Menschen wird zu der astralen Wolke, in welche das Wesen eingehüllt wird, zur Aura.
[ 9 ] Weiter nimmt der Hellseher auf dieser Stufe seiner Entwickelung auch Dinge wahr, die sich der sinnlichen Auffassung fast oder vollständig entziehen. Er kann zum Beispiel den astralen Unterschied merken zwischen einem Raume, der zum großen Teile mit niedrig gesinnten Menschen erfüllt ist, und einem solchen, in dem hochgesinnte Personen anwesend sind. In einem Krankenhause ist nicht nur die physische, sondern auch die geistige Atmosphäre eine andere als in einem Tanzsaale. Eine Handelsstadt hat eine andere astrale Luft als ein Universitätsort. Zunächst wird das Wahmehmungsvermögen des hellsehend gewordenen Menschen für solche Dinge nur schwach entwickelt sein. Es wird sich zu den zuerst genannten Gegenständen so verhalten wie das Traumbewußtsein des Sinnenmenschen zu seinem Wachbewußtsein. Aber allmählich wird er auch auf dieser Stufe voll erwachen.
[ 10 ] Die höchste Errungenschaft des Hellsehers, der den charakterisierten Grad des Schauens erreicht hat, ist diejenige, auf welcher sich ihm die astralen Gegenwirkungen der tierischen und menschlichen Triebe und Leidenschaften zeigen. Eine liebevolle Handlung hat eine andere astrale Begleiterscheinung als eine solche, die vom Hasse ausgeht. Die sinnlose Begierde stellt außer sich selbst noch ein häßliches astrales Gegenbild dar, die auf Hohes gerichtete Empfindung dagegen ein schönes. Diese Gegenbilder sind während des physischen Menschenlebens nur schwach zu sehen. Denn ihre Stärke wird durch das Leben in der physischen Welt beeinträchtigt. Ein Wunsch nach einem Gegenstande erzeugt zum Beispiel ein solches Spiegelbild außer dem, als welches dieser Wunsch selbst in der astralen Welt erscheint. Wird aber der Wunsch durch das Erlangen des physischen Gegenstandes befriedigt oder ist wenigstens die Möglichkeit zu solcher Befriedigung vorhanden, so wird das Gegenbild nur ein sehr schwacher Schein sein. Zu seiner vollen Geltung gelangt es erst nach dem Tode des Menschen, wenn die Seele noch immer, ihrer Natur nach, solchen Wunsch hegen muß, ihn aber nicht mehr befriedigen kann, weil der Gegenstand und auch das physische Organ dazu fehlen. Der sinnlich veranlagte Mensch wird auch nach seinem Tode zum Beispiel die Gier nach Gaumengenuß haben. Ihm fehlt jetzt aber die Möglichkeit der Befriedigung, da er doch keinen Gaumen mehr hat. Das hat zur Folge, daß der Wunsch ein besonders heftiges Gegenbild erzeugt, von dem die Seele dann gequält wird. Man nennt diese Erfahrungen durch die Gegenbilder der niederen Seelennatur nach dem Tode die Erlebnisse im Seelenreich, besonders in dem Orte der Begierden. Sie schwinden erst, wenn die Seele sich geläutert hat von allen nach der physischen Welt hinzielenden Begierden. Dann steigt diese Seele erst in das höhere Gebiet (Geisteswelt) auf. – Wenn auch diese Gegenbilder beim noch physisch lebenden Menschen schwach sind: sie sind doch vorhanden und begleiten ihn als seine Begierden-Anlage, wie den Kometen sein Schweif begleitet. Und der Hellseher kann sie sehen, wenn er die entsprechende Entwickelungsstufe erreicht hat.
[ 11 ] In solchen Erfahrungen und in allen denen, welche damit verwandt sind, lebt der Geheimschüler in dem Stadium, das beschrieben worden ist. Bis zu noch höheren geistigen Erlebnissen kann er es auf dieser Entwickelungsstufe noch nicht bringen. Er muß von da an noch höher aufwärts steigen.
Changes in the dream life of the secret disciple
[ 1 ] An announcement that the secret disciple has reached or will soon reach the stage of development described in the previous chapter is the change that takes place in his dream life. Before, the dreams were confused and random. Now they begin to take on a regular character. Their images become meaningfully coherent like the ideas of everyday life. You can recognize law, cause and effect in them. And the content of the dreams also changes. Whereas before you only perceived echoes of everyday life, transformed impressions of your surroundings or your own bodily states, images from a world with which you were previously unfamiliar now appear. At first, however, the general character of dream life remains, insofar as the dream differs from the waking imagination in that it sensuously expresses what it wants to express. An attentive observer of dream life cannot fail to notice this symbolism. One dreams, for example, that one has caught an ugly animal and has an unpleasant feeling in one's hand. You wake up and realize that you are holding a corner of the blanket in your hand. The perception is therefore not expressed unadorned, but through the labeled symbol. -Or you dream that you are fleeing from a pursuer; you feel fear. On waking, it becomes apparent that one was afflicted by palpitations during sleep. The stomach, which is filled with indigestible food, causes frightening dream images. Events in the sleeping person's surroundings are also reflected in dreams as symbols. The striking of a clock can evoke the image of a troop of soldiers marching past to the beat of a drum. A chair falling over can be the cause of a whole dream drama in which the blow is reflected as a shot and so on. - This symbolic kind of expression is now also found in the regulated dream of the human being whose etheric body is beginning to develop. But it ceases to reflect mere facts of the physical environment or of one's own sensual body. Just as those dreams become regular which owe their origin to these things, so also those dream images interfere which are the expression of things and relationships of another world. Here experiences are first made which are inaccessible to ordinary day-consciousness. - Now one must by no means believe that any true mystic makes the things which he experiences in such a dreamlike manner the basis of any authoritative communications from a higher world. Such dream experiences are only to be regarded as the first signs of a higher development. - Soon, as a further consequence, the fact occurs that the images of the dreaming secret disciple are no longer, as in former times, withdrawn from the guidance of the prudent mind, but are regulated and properly surveyed by it like the ideas and sensations of the waking consciousness. The difference between the dream consciousness and this waking state disappears more and more. The dreamer is awake in the full sense of the word during dream life; that is, he feels himself to be the master and leader of his pictorial representations.
[ 2 ] During dreaming, man is actually in a world that is different from that of his physical senses. However, a person with undeveloped mental organs is unable to form any other ideas of this world than the confused ones described above. It exists for him only as the sensory world would exist for a being who has at most the most rudimentary faculties of eyes. That is why man can see nothing in this world but the afterimages and reflections of ordinary life. But he can see these in dreams for the reason that his soul itself paints its daily perceptions as images into the material of which that other world consists. For it must be clearly understood that man leads a second, unconscious life in the indicated other world in addition to his ordinary conscious daily life. Everything he perceives and thinks, he engraves in imprints in this world. These imprints can only be seen when the lotus flowers are developed. Now, in every human being, certain sparse lotus flower predispositions are always present. During daytime consciousness he cannot perceive anything with them because the impressions on him are quite weak. It is for a similar reason that one does not see the stars during the day. They are not able to perceive the powerful sunlight. Thus the weak spiritual impressions do not come into play against the powerful impressions of the physical senses. When the doors of the outer senses are closed during sleep, these impressions light up in confusion. And the dreamer then becomes aware of experiences made in another world. But, as I said, at first these experiences are nothing more than what the imagination itself, bound to the physical senses, has engraved in the spiritual world. - Only the developed lotus flowers make it possible for manifestations that do not belong to the physical world to be recorded there. And through the developed etheric body a full knowledge of these inscriptions from other worlds then arises. - Thus man's intercourse in a new world has begun. And the human being must now - through the instructions of the secret training - first achieve two things. First of all, he must be able to realize completely, as in waking life, the observations made in dreams. Once he has achieved this, he will be led to make the same observations during the ordinary waking state. His attention to mental impressions is then simply regulated in such a way that these impressions no longer need to disappear in relation to the physical ones, but that he can have them alongside and with them all the time.
[ 3 ] Once the secret disciple has attained this ability, something of the picture described in the previous chapter appears before his mental eyes. He can now perceive what is present in the spiritual world as the cause of the physical world. And, above all, he can recognize his higher self within this world. - His next task is now to grow into this higher self, that is, to really see it as his true essence and to behave accordingly. More and more he now gets the idea and the living feeling that his physical body and what he previously called his "I" is only a tool of the higher self. He acquires a feeling towards the lower self, just as a person limited to the sense world has towards a tool or vehicle which he uses. Just as the latter does not count the car in which he drives as his "I", even when he says: "I drive" as "I walk", so the developed man, when he says: "I go in at the door", actually has the idea: "I carry my body in at the door". Only this must be such a natural concept for him that he does not for a moment lose the solid ground of the physical world, so that a feeling of alienation from the sense world never arises. If the secret disciple is not to become an enthusiast or a fantasist, he must not impoverish his life in the physical world through the higher consciousness, but enrich it, just as he who uses a train instead of his legs to make a journey enriches it.
[ 4 ] Once the secret disciple has attained such a life in his higher self, then - or rather already during the acquisition of the higher consciousness - it becomes clear to him how he can awaken the spiritual power of perception in the organ generated in the region of the heart and guide it through the currents characterized in the previous chapters. This power of perception is an element of higher materiality that emanates from the organ mentioned and flows in luminous beauty through the moving lotus flowers and also through the other channels of the developed etheric body. From there it radiates outwards into the surrounding spiritual world and makes it spiritually visible, just as the sunlight falling on the objects from outside makes them physically visible.
[ 5 ] How this power of perception is generated in the heart organ can only be understood gradually in the process of formation itself.
[ 6 ] The spiritual world only becomes clearly perceptible as objects and beings for a person who can send the characterized organ of perception through his etheric body and to the outside world in order to illuminate the objects. - It can be seen from this that a perfect consciousness of an object of the spiritual world can only arise under the condition that man himself throws the spiritual light upon it. In truth, the "I" which produces this organ of perception does not dwell in the physical human body at all, but, as has been shown, outside it. The heart organ is only the place where the human being ignites this spiritual organ of light from the outside. If he did not kindle it here, but in another place, the spiritual perceptions brought about by it would have no connection with the physical world. But man is supposed to relate everything of a higher spiritual nature to the physical world and let it work through him into the latter. The heart organ is precisely that through which the higher ego makes the sensual self its tool and from which the latter is handled.
[ 7 ] Now the feeling which the developed human being has towards the things of the spiritual world is different from that which the sensual human being has towards the physical world. The latter feels himself in a certain place in the sense world, and the perceived objects are "outside" for him. The spiritually developed person, on the other hand, feels united with the spiritual object of his perception, as if "inside" it. In fact, he wanders from place to place in spiritual space. This is why he is also called the "wanderer" in the language of secret science. At first he is not at home anywhere. - If it remained in this mere wandering, then it could not really determine any object in spiritual space. Just as one determines an object or place in physical space by starting from a certain point, so this must also be the case in the other world reached. There, too, one must look for a place somewhere, which one first investigates very thoroughly and spiritually takes possession of. In this place one must establish a spiritual home and then relate everything else to this home. The person living in the physical world also sees everything in the way that the ideas of his physical home entail. A Berliner automatically describes London differently from a Parisian. But the spiritual home is different from the physical one. One is born into the latter without doing anything; during one's youth, one has instinctively absorbed a series of ideas from which everything from then on is involuntarily illuminated. However, one has formed one's spiritual home with full awareness. Therefore, one judges from it in full freedom. In the language of secret science, this forming of a spiritual home is called "building a hut".
[ 8 ] Spiritual vision at this level initially extends to the spiritual counter-images of the physical world, insofar as these counter-images lie in the so-called astral world. In this world there is everything that is similar in nature to human drives, feelings, desires and passions. For all the sensory things that surround man also include forces that are related to these human ones. A crystal, for example, is molded into its form by forces that appear to the higher mind like an instinct at work in man. By similar forces the sap is conducted through the vessels of the plant, the blossoms are made to unfold, the seed capsules to burst open. All these forces acquire form and color for the developed spiritual organs of perception, just as the objects of the physical world have form and color for the physical eye. At the stage of his development described above, the secret disciple sees not only the crystal and the plant, but also the marked spiritual forces. And he sees the animal and human instincts not only through the physical life expressions of their bearers, but also directly as objects, just as he sees tables and chairs in the physical world. The entire world of instinct, drive, desire and passion of an animal or human becomes the astral cloud in which the being is enveloped, the aura.
[ 9 ] Furthermore, at this stage of his development, the clairvoyant also perceives things that almost or completely elude sensory perception. For example, he can notice the astral difference between a room that is largely filled with low-minded people and one in which high-minded people are present. In a hospital not only the physical but also the spiritual atmosphere is different from that of a dance hall. A commercial city has a different astral air than a university town. At first, the clairvoyant's ability to perceive such things will only be weakly developed. It will relate to the objects first mentioned in the same way as the dream-consciousness of the sensory man to his waking consciousness. But gradually he will also fully awaken at this level.
[ 10 ] The highest attainment of the clairvoyant who has reached the characterized degree of seeing is that on which the astral counter-effects of the animal and human instincts and passions show themselves to him. A loving action has a different astral accompaniment than one that emanates from hatred. Senseless desire represents an ugly astral counter-image in addition to itself, whereas a feeling directed towards higher things represents a beautiful one. These counter-images can only be seen weakly during the physical life of man. This is because their strength is impaired by life in the physical world. A desire for an object, for example, produces such a mirror image apart from that as which this desire itself appears in the astral world. But if the desire is satisfied by the attainment of the physical object, or if at least the possibility of such satisfaction exists, the counter-image will only be a very faint appearance. It only attains its full validity after the death of man, when the soul must still, according to its nature, harbor such a desire, but can no longer satisfy it because the object and also the physical organ for it are missing. The sensually inclined person will still have a craving for the pleasures of the palate after his death, for example. But now he lacks the possibility of satisfaction, since he no longer has a palate. As a result, the desire creates a particularly strong counter-image, which then torments the soul. These experiences through the counter-images of the lower soul nature after death are called experiences in the realm of the soul, especially in the place of desires. They only disappear when the soul has purified itself of all desires directed towards the physical world. Only then does this soul ascend to the higher realm (spiritual world). - Even if these counter-images are weak in the still physically living human being, they are nevertheless present and accompany him as his desire system, just as the comet is accompanied by its tail. And the clairvoyant can see them when he has reached the appropriate stage of development.
[ 11 ] In such experiences and in all those that are related to them, the secret disciple lives in the stage that has been described. At this stage of development he cannot yet reach even higher spiritual experiences. From then on he must ascend still higher.