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Cosmic and Human Metamorphoses
GA 175

6 February 1917, Berlin

I. Materialism and Spirituality

Let me first give expression to the deep satisfaction I have in being able to be once more in your midst. I would have come earlier, but for an urgent need, that kept me in Dornach until the work at the Group had reached a point whence it could be continued without me. You have often heard me speak of this Group, that is to stand in the East end of the Dornach Building and that sets forth the Representative of mankind in relation on the one hand to the Ahrimanic, and on the other to the Luciferic forces. In these days one needs to have forethought for the future, and it seemed to me absolutely necessary, in consideration of what may happen, to make that progress with the Group before leaving Dornach that has now been possible. Furthermore the times are bound to bring home to us with especial intensity the fact that meeting with one another here on the physical plane is not the only thing that keeps us upheld and strengthened in the impulse of Spiritual Science, but that we must be up-borne through this difficult time of sorrow and trial through being together in our anthroposophical strivings, even if together in spirit only; and indeed this very thing is to be the test for our anthroposophical strivings.

Since we were here together last, we have had to lament the loss from the physical plane of our dear Fräulein Motzkus, and of other dear friends who have left the physical plane in consequence of the terrible events through which we are passing. It is particularly painful no longer to see Fräulein Motzkus among the friends who have shared here for so many years in our anthroposophical strivings. She had been a member of our movement since its beginning. From the first day, from the first meeting of a very small circle, she showed throughout the deepest and most heart-felt devotion to our movement, and took an intimate and earnest part in all the phases it went through, in all its times of trial and testing. Above all, she preserved, through the events and changes through which we had to pass, an invincible loyalty to the movement, in the deepest sense of the word, a loyalty in which she set an example to all those who would wish to be worthy members of the anthroposophical movement. And so we follow with our gaze this beloved and pure soul into the spiritual worlds whither she has ascended, feeling towards her still the bond of trust and confidence that has grown stronger and deeper with the years, knowing that our own souls are linked with hers for ever ... Recently Fräulein Motzkus herself suffered the loss of a dear friend, whom she has now so quickly found again in the spiritual world. She bore the sad blow in a manner that such a blow can be received and borne by one who is conscious of an actual hold on the spiritual world. It was marvelous with what keen and intense interest Fräulein Motzkus shared in the great events of our time, right up to the last days of her life. She told me repeatedly that she would like to remain here on the physical plane until the momentous events, in the midst of which we are living, should have come to a decisive conclusion. With still freer vision, with still firmer impulse for the evolution of mankind, will she now be able to follow these happenings to which she has been so closely and intimately linked. May it be laid on all our hearts to unite ourselves in thought and in activity of soul, when-so-ever we are able, with this faithful spirit, this faithful and well-loved member of our movement. Then shall we, who have been united with her here on the physical plane in such a remarkable way, be able still to know that we are one with her in the years to come, when she will be among us in another form.


The times in which we live are such, that it becomes more and more a matter of pressing interest to know what the struggle to obtain Spiritual knowledge will signify to the human race of the present day and of the immediate future. The events in the midst of which we are now standing are such as to call forth in many people today, though little noticed, a sort of benumbment. Those souls who survive the catastrophe on the physical plane will awake only later to be able to recognise fully what is taking place and to realise how deeply this catastrophe has cut into human evolution. All the more should we feel obliged to call up in our souls thoughts of an illuminating nature, thoughts able to throw light on the objects and aims of the Spiritual movement so necessary to humanity. And as we have now come together after a long time, it will perhaps be useful to specify the views of this Spiritual Science of ours in a few short thoughts,—or rather the views which naturally come as the result of this Spiritual Science which we have now had before our souls for some years. It is noticeable that in all parts of the world there are some members of humanity who are developing a longing to draw nearer to the Spiritual world, notwithstanding the fact that materialism, alas, is not decreasing and because of the various forms which this longing for the Spiritual is taking. For these reasons we must specify and bring before the soul, our own search for the life of the spirit. In England at the present time, the research into the Spiritual world made by one of the most prominent and learned men is making a very great impression in large circles, even of cultured people. It is a very extraordinary phenomenon that a man reckoned among the first scientists of that country should have written a comprehensive book about the relationship of man on earth with the Spiritual world, and that this should have taken such a remarkable form. Sir Oliver Lodge—who for some years has certainly striven in various ways so to extend the scientific knowledge he has acquired that it may be applied to the Spiritual world,—describes in this book a series of episodes, in which he asserts that he has come in touch with the Spiritual world. The case is as follows.

Sir Oliver Lodge had a son, Raymond, who in 1915 took part on the English side, in the war in Flanders. At a time when his parents knew him to be at the front, they received some remarkable news from America, which, to people possessing what I might call materialistic-Spiritualistic tendencies, must certainly have appeared very striking. This message was supposed to come from the English psychologist, Frederick Myers who, before his death many years ago, had studied the relationship between the physical world and the Spiritual worlds, and who himself now in the Spiritual world, pronounced that world to be prepared to receive young Lodge in the near future. At first it was not very clear to what the message referred. There was some delay in its reaching Sir Oliver Lodge; it reached him after his son had fallen. I think it was a fortnight later but I am not quite sure as to this. Then came other messages given through mediums in America, advising the parents to go to an English medium; consequently, Sir Oliver went to one, but preserved a critical attitude towards her. I shall have more to say presently on the significance of this—Sir Oliver is a scientist, and is trained to the scientific testing of such cases. He went to work just as he would in his laboratory and what follows was given not through one but several mediums. The soul of Raymond wished to communicate with the Lodge family. All sorts of communications followed through automatic writing and table-turning, communications so surprising that not only Sir Oliver himself but the rest of the family, who had till then been extremely sceptical in such matters, were now quite convinced. Among other statements, the soul of Raymond stated that Myers was with him, acting as a Guardian; he told them several things about his last days on earth, and much that was of significance to the parents and family, and made a great impression upon them, especially as various things communicated by Raymond through mediums were intended for the family and particularly for Sir Oliver. The way the sittings were held afforded great surprise to the family, and strangely enough, they also caused great surprise to a wide public. They would not have surprised anyone who had experience of such things, for in reality, the nature of the communications concerning the dead which comes through mediums, and the manner of the communication, is very familiar to the investigator. One thing, however, made a profound impression in England, and was well calculated to impress and convince the civilised world of England and America, and to bring conviction hitherto lacking to many of our sceptical age; this factor which converted many and will convert many more, made a very strong impression on the Lodge family and particularly on Sir Oliver, and also impressed a large public. It was the following incident. A description was given through a medium of some photographs taken while Raymond was still alive. Raymond himself described them to the medium, by means of rappings. In this way a photographic group was described; that is to say the soul of Raymond was by means of the medium evidently trying to describe this photograph taken of him in a group shortly before he passed through the gates of death. From the other side he told them that he had sat in two groups with his companions, and that these were taken one after the other, and that his position in the groups was such and such. Further he described the differences in the two different photographs, saying that he sat on the same chair and in the same attitude in both, but that the position of the arm was a little different, and so on. All this is minutely described. Now the family knew nothing of these photographs, they did not know that any such had been taken. Thus indirectly through the medium, the fact was made known that there was in existence a photographic group representing Raymond Lodge with several companions. Some few weeks later, a photograph was sent over to Sir Oliver from France, corresponding exactly to the one described by the soul of Raymond through the medium. This would naturally make a strong impression on anyone who approaches such things in a dilettante way—as all those concerned clearly did. It was an experimental test. The case in point is that of a soul from the other side, describing a photograph of which several copies were taken, and which reached the family some time later, and was then found to correspond in every detail to the description given. It was quite impossible that either the medium or anyone present at the sittings could have seen this photograph. Here we have a case which must be reckoned with both scientifically and historically, for not only might one say that such a case would naturally make a great impression, but it really did occur and did make an enormous impression. As far as could be seen, this photographic proof, which has nothing to do with thought-transference, was very convincing.

It is necessary for us to bring the whole of this case before our mental vision. We must be quite clear as to the fact that when a man passes through the gate of death, the human individuality is at first for a short time, enshrouded in the astral body and etheric body; and that the latter after a more or less brief period—varying in different cases, but never lasting more than a few days—passes out into the etheric world and there pursues its further destiny; so that the individuality enters the Spiritual world with the astral body only, and continues its further wanderings in that world. The etheric body is severed from the human individuality just as the physical body was on earth. Now we must clearly understand that in Spiritualistic seances,—and the whole work of Sir Oliver Lodge is based on these,—only one who has real knowledge is able to distinguish whether the communications come from the actual individuality, or only from the cast-off, forsaken etheric corpse. This etheric corpse still remains in continual communication with the individuality. Only, when one gets into connection with the spiritual world in a round-about way through a medium, one comes in touch with the etheric corpse first, and so can never be sure of reaching in this way the actual individual. It is certain that there is in our age a striving to find for Spiritual existence some sort of proof such as is found by experiments in the laboratory, something which can be grasped with hands and that one can see before one in the world of matter. Our materialistic age does not care to follow the inner path the soul must take in the Spiritual worlds, the purely Spiritual path. It wants the spirit to descend into the material world and be discovered there. We are experiencing all kinds of materialistic Spiritualism, a materialistic turning to the worlds of the spirit. Now, it is quite possible for the etheric body, which has been separated from the actual human individuality, to manifest a certain life of its own which, to the uninitiated, may easily be mistaken for the life of the individual himself. We must not think that the etheric body when given over to the etheric world only manifests reminiscences and recollections, mere echoes of what the man passes through here; it manifests a real continuous individuality. It can relate incidents and say quite new things, But we should be going quite off the track if we thought that because a connection is established with the etheric body, we are necessarily in connection with the individual himself. It is very possible in the case of people sitting in a small circle—all being members of the family as was the case with the Lodges, all thinking in one way or another about the dead man, and all filled with thoughts and memories of him,—that their thoughts may be conveyed to his etheric body through the medium, and that this etheric body may occasionally give striking replies, which may really produce the impression of being spoken by the individuality of the dead. Yet, perhaps, they may only proceed from his etheric corpse. Those who are acquainted with such things actually find this to be the case, and when Raymond Lodge was supposed to come to his family through the medium, in reality it was the etheric corpse speaking; Raymond Lodge had not really held communion with the circle at all. Hence, as I have said, to those accustomed to the course of events in such seances, the communications do not appear very remarkable. It is probable that the whole story would not have made so much impression on a wide public, nor would it continue to do so, if it were not for the incident of the photographs. For this story of the photographs is very remarkable, indeed exceptionally so. For here it was impossible that any transference of thoughts should take place,—passing through the medium to the etheric body of Raymond, as might have been the case in the other instances. Nobody in England could have known of the photographs; they had not yet come over at the time when the communications were made. But still it is very strange that such a learned scientist as Sir Oliver Lodge, who had for so long been interesting himself in these matters, should not know how such a circumstance is to be regarded. I have taken particular trouble to look more minutely into this case. Sir Oliver Lodge is a learned man, and a scientist upon whose descriptions one can rely; we are not dealing with any ordinary document produced by ordinary Spiritualistic seances but with the communications of a man describing with the certainty of a scientist, who has developed the conscientiousness customary to a scientist in the laboratory and, therefore, it is possible to form a complete picture of what happened, from the descriptions he gives. It is remarkable that such a learned man as Sir Oliver Lodge, who was for so many years interested in the subject, although in this case he was specially interested because it was a question of his own son, yet should not have known what has often been referred to in our Spiritual science, when giving descriptions of the atavistic forms of clairvoyance, which appear as presentiments. For this is none other than a very special case of Deuteroscopia. The case is as follows.

We have a medium. To this medium the Spiritual world is in a certain respect accessible; of course, as we know—through atavistic forces—such mediums can in their vision reach beyond space, but not only does their so-called second sight extend beyond space it also extends beyond time. Let us take a special case; one quoted hundreds of times. You may read descriptions of it, if you have not experienced it yourself through your acquaintances.

The case I mean, is when some one who has that tendency sees as in a dream, half in vision, his own coffin or funeral. He dies a fortnight afterwards. He saw in advance what was to occur fourteen days later. Or perhaps, one may see not his own funeral or coffin, but that of a complete stranger, an event to which the dreamer is quite indifferent. To instance a particular case, one may see oneself leaving the house and falling from horseback. This thing did occur—someone saw that happen, and tried to avert it,—but, notwithstanding all precautions, it still came to pass. That is a case of a vision extending in time, and what Sir Oliver Lodge describes is precisely this second-sight in time. His descriptions are given so accurately that it was possible to investigate the case. The medium through her forces was able to see an event still in the future. At the time she spoke, the photograph was not there; but it arrived a fortnight later, or thereabouts. It was then shown round to friends and relatives. This happened some time after but the medium saw it in advance, it was a prophetic vision, a case of Deuteroscopia. It was a pre-vision; that is the explanation. It had nothing to do with a communication between those on the physical plane and one in the Spiritual world.

You see how greatly one may be misled by striving to give a materialistic explanation of Spiritual circumstances in the world, and how blind one may be to the actual facts; such a vision is, of course, none the less a proof of the reality of a world behind the ordinary world of sense. The case is an interesting one; only it should not be quoted as proving a connection between the dead and the living. We must seek for the dead—if indeed we should or ought to seek for them at all—by following a really Spiritual path. In the near future I shall have many things to say on this subject; for it is my intention to give much consideration to the subject of the relation between the living and the dead.

I have brought up the subject of this book of Sir Oliver Lodge to show you how, although the longing after the Spiritual world does exist, it may here be said to have taken a materialistic form. Sir Oliver Lodge is a learned scientist; even although he strives after the Spiritual world he tries to gain knowledge of it by methods of the chemical world or of physics. Just as he experiments in his laboratory according to the laws of chemistry, so he wants ocular proof of what relates to the Spiritual world. But the way we must recognise as the right one is very far from his; our way leads the soul by an inner method to the Spiritual world, as we have often described, and no less often have we described what the soul first becomes acquainted with there and which immediately concerns us at the present time and underlies the world of physical sense, in which we live. We learn to recognise the whole materialistic character of our age, in the materialistic strivings that are directed to the Spiritual world. If our movement is to have any meaning at all, a meaning which it should eventually have in accordance with the necessary evolutionary laws of mankind, it must sharply define and emphasise the Spiritual inwardness of true Spirituality, as compared with these materialistic and absurd strivings after a world of spirit.

Why is it necessary in the present age that an entirely new method should hold the hearts of men, a purely spiritual method, one very different from the materialistic methods? This question must be considered in connection with the fact to which we have often alluded in the course of past years, and which must closely concern us at this time of sorrow and trial. We have indicated that this twentieth century must bring to humanity the Vision of the etheric Christ. Just as it truly happened—as we have often said—that at the time of the Mystery of Golgotha Christ walked among men in a physical form, in one known part of the earth, so will the etheric Christ walk among men in the twentieth century, the whole earth over. This event must not pass unobserved by humanity, for that would be sinning against the salvation of the world. Humanity must have its attention roused, so that a sufficient number of persons may be ready really to see the Christ Who will come and Who must be seen.

Now, such an event as this cannot come quite suddenly, even as the event of Golgotha did not come suddenly but was prepared for during thirty-three years. The point of time when the event is to occur—this time spiritually—is very near and will have a like significance for man as the event of Golgotha on the physical plane. Hence, if you consider the facts alluded to above, you will not find it difficult to believe me when I say that He is already present in the form in which He will be seen in the great moment of evolution in the twentieth century, that the great moment is being now prepared. You will not consider it incredible, when I say that moment is now being prepared. Yes, we may say that although humanity seems as regards its present actions far from being permeated with the Christ-Spirit on the physical plane, yet if men's souls will but open themselves to Him, the Christ, Who is now approaching, is very near. The occultist is able to point out that since the year 1909 or thereabouts what is to come is being distinctly and perceptibly prepared for, that since the year 1909 we are inwardly living in a very special time. It is possible today, if we do but seek Him, to be very near to Christ, to find Him in a quite different way than has been hitherto possible.

There is one thought that occurs to me, and simple as it may seem I must give words to it, from a profound feeling for the times. People do not, alas, as a rule, think with sufficient clearness on the events of the past; especially with respect to what took place in the souls of men in bygone centuries; they no longer have any conception of the strength of the impression made by the Gospels in their existing form upon a circle which was then but small. People now have no conception of how powerfully these ideas filled the souls of men at that time. As the centuries rolled by the impression made by the inner content of the Gospels grew weaker and weaker. At the present day if we see things as they are, it may be said that although individual persons, if they possess certain powers of intuition and forces of divination, may be so permeated by the words of the Gospels as to form some idea of what took place at the time of the Mystery of Golgotha, yet the immense force once possessed by the Gospel-words themselves, is growing weaker and weaker, and we cannot but see that the Gospels make but little impression now on the majority of people.

This is not willingly admitted; but it is the truth, and therefore it would be well if people would realise it. How did this state of things come about?

Well, just as it is true that what pulsated in the Gospels is no earthly language but Cosmic words, Heavenly words, possessing an immeasurably greater force than anything else on earth,—so it is also true that mankind in the present age has become estranged from the form in which these words were laid down in the Gospels at the time of the Mystery of Golgotha. Just reflect how enormously difficult it is to understand the language of even four or five hundred years ago, if you come across it anywhere. It is not possible to draw out of it what it really contains. The Gospels, in the form accessible to us today, are really not the original Gospels, they do not possess their original force. It is possible to penetrate into them, as I have said, by means of a certain intuition; but they no longer have the same force. Christ spoke the word which should be deeply engraved in the human soul: ‘I am with you always, even unto the end of the earth time.’ That is a truth, a reality. He will be with us, during the time indicated, in the twentieth century, in various forms near to the human soul.

From what I have said, you will understand that one who feels himself standing in the centre of these things, one who is an occultist, should say: He is here, He makes His presence felt in such a way that we know clearly that He will now expect more of His human children than in centuries gone by. Till now the Gospels have spoken an inner language to man. They had to lay hold of the soul-men should, therefore, be satisfied with faith alone and had not to progress to knowledge. That time is now over, it lies behind us. Christ has something different in view for His human children. His present purpose is that the kingdom to which He referred when He said: ‘My kingdom is not of this world,’ should really draw into that part of the human being which is not of this world but which is of another world. In each one of us there is a part which is not of this world. That part of man which is not of this world must seek with intensity that kingdom of which Christ spoke, of which He said, that it was not of this world.

We are living at a time when this must be understood. Many such things in human evolution announce themselves through contrasts. In our own age something great and significant is announced by a great contrast. For with the coming Christ, with the presence of Christ, will come the time when men will learn to enquire of Him, not only concerning their souls, but concerning their immortal part on earth. Christ is not merely a Ruler of men, but their Brother, Who, particularly in the near future, wishes to be consulted on all the details of life. In anything we undertake today we act in the opposite way. Events seem to be accomplished today, in which men appear to be as far removed as possible from any appeal to Christ. We must ask ourselves this question: Who is there today who stops to enquire: ‘What would Christ Jesus say to what is now taking place?’ Who puts such a question to himself? Many say they do, but it would be sacrilegious to believe that they put the question in the form in which it is put here, addressing it directly to Christ Himself. Yet the time must come and cannot be far distant, when men's souls will, in their immortal part, ask of Christ, when they think of undertaking something: ‘Ought we to do this or not?’ Then human souls will see Christ standing by them as the beloved Companion and they will not only obtain consolation and strength from the Christ-Being, but will also receive instruction from Him as to what is to be done. The kingdom of Christ Jesus is not of this world, but it must work in this world and the human souls must be instruments of the Kingdom that is not of this world. From this point of view we must consider the fact of how few today have asked themselves the question which, as regards individual acts, as well as events, must be put to the Christ. Humanity must, however, learn to ask of Him. How is that to come about? It can only become possible if we learn His language. Anyone who comprehends the deeper purpose of our Spiritual Science, realises that it not only gives out a theoretical knowledge about different problems of humanity, the principles of human nature, reincarnation and karma, but that it contains a quite special language, that it has a particular way of expressing itself about spiritual things. The fact that through Spiritual Science we learn to hold inner converse with the spiritual world in thought, is much more important than the mere acquiring of theoretical thoughts. For Christ is with us always, even to the end of the earth-epochs. And we must learn His language. By means of the language—no matter how abstract it may seem—in which we hear of Saturn, Sun, Moon and Earth and of the different periods and ages of the earth, and of many other secrets of evolution—we teach ourselves a language in which we can frame out the questions we put to the spiritual world. When we really learn inwardly to speak the language of this spiritual life, the result will be that Christ will stand by us and give us the answers Himself. This is the attitude that our work in Spiritual Science should bring about in us, as a sentiment, a feeling. Why do we occupy ourselves with Spiritual Science? It is as though we were learning the vocabulary of the language through which we approach the Christ. If we take the trouble to learn to think the thoughts of Spiritual Science, and make the mental effort necessary for an understanding of the Cosmic secrets taught by Spiritual Science, then, out of the dim, dark foundations of the Cosmic mysteries, will come forth the figure of Christ Jesus, which will draw near to us and give us the strength and force in which we shall then live. The Christ will guide us, standing beside us as a brother, so that our hearts and souls may be strong enough to grow up to the necessary level of the tasks awaiting humanity in its further development.

Let us then try to acquire Spiritual Science, not as a mere doctrine but as a language, and then wait till we can find in that language, the questions which we may venture to put to the Christ. He will answer, yes, indeed, He will answer! Plentiful indeed will be the soul-forces, the soul-strengthening, the soul-impulses, which the student will carry away with him from the grey spiritual depths through which humanity in its evolution is now passing, if he is able to receive instructions from Christ Himself; for, in the near future He will give them to those who seek.

Erster Vortrag

Lassen Sie mich zuerst meine tiefe Befriedigung darüber ausdrücken, daß ich nunmehr wiederum in Ihrer Mitte sein kann. Es würde eher geschehen sein, wenn es nicht eine dringende Notwendigkeit gewesen wäre, die Arbeit an der ja hier öfters besprochenen Gruppe, die im Osten des Dornacher Baues stehen soll, und die darstellt den Menschheitsrepräsentanten in Wechselbeziehung zu den ahrimanischen und luziferischen Mächten, so weit zu bringen, daß sie nun ohne mich weiter gearbeitet werden kann. In der gegenwärtigen Zeit ist es ja notwendig, für die Zukunft in einer gewissen Weise vorauszudenken, und es schien mir eben durchaus notwendig, gegenüber den Ereignissen, die da kommen können, diese Gruppe so weit zu fördern, als es jetzt hat geschehen können. Im übrigen müssen ja gerade diese Zeiten es uns ganz besonders nahelegen, wie ein räumliches Zusammensein auf dem physischen Plan nicht das einzige sein kann, das uns durch die Impulse der Geisteswissenschaft kräftig aufrecht erhält, sondern wie das Zusammensein in Gedanken und Gesinnung unserer geisteswissenschaftlichen Bestrebung uns, auch wenn es nur seelisch sein kann, wenn es eben nur sein kann in Gedanken und im Geiste, durchbringen muß durch diese schwere Zeit der Prüfungen und der Leiden, und wie sich gerade dadurch die Kraft unserer geisteswissenschaftlichen Bestrebungen erproben muß.

Seit wir uns hier nicht zusammengefunden haben, haben wir ja für den physischen Plan den Verlust unseres lieber. Fräulein Motzkus und anderer lieber Freunde zu beklagen, die infolge der Zeitereignisse den physischen Plan verlassen haben. Es ist besonders schmerzlich, unter denjenigen lieben Freunden, die hier nun durch so viele Jahre mit teilgenommen haben an unseren geisteswissenschaftlichen Bestrebungen, Fräulein Motzkus nicht mehr zu sehen. Sie gehörte ja unserer Bewegung an, seitdem wir mit derselben begonnen haben. Vom ersten Tage an, von der ersten Versammlung im kleinsten Kreis an, die ganze Zeit über war sie in unserer Mitte als ein im tiefsten Herzen unserer Bewegung hingegebenes Mitglied, das alle Phasen, alle Entwickelungsprüfungen unserer Bewegung mit innigem Anteil mitgemacht hat; das vor allen Dingen durch alle diese Ereignisse hindurch, durch die wir haben gehen müssen, sich bewahrt hat im tiefsten Sinne des Wortes eine unbesiegliche Treue zu unserer Sache, eine Treue, durch die Fräulein Motzkus gewiß vorbildlich war für diejenigen, die wirklich ergebene Mitglieder der geisteswissenschaftlichen Bewegung sein wollen. Und so schauen wir denn dieser lieben guten Seele nach in die Welten des geistigen Lebens, zu denen sie aufgestiegen ist, indem wir das ja durch viele Jahre herangebildete und herangefestigte Treue-Verhältnis zu ihr bewahren, indem wir uns mit ihrer Seele verbunden wissen für immerdar. — In letzter Zeit hat ja Fräulein Motzkus selber den Verlust ihrer treuen Freundin, die sie nun so bald in der geistigen Welt wiedergefunden hat, zu beklagen gehabt und in dem Sinne, wie man aus dem Bewußstsein einer wirklichen Auffassung der geistigen Welt einen solchen Schlag erträgt, diesen Schlag hingenommen. Bewundernswert war es, mit welch regem Interesse Fräulein Motzkus bis in ihre letzten Tage hinein ein tiefes Anteilnehmen zeigte an den großen Ereignissen der Zeit. Sie sagte mir selber wiederholt, so lange möchte sie noch hier auf dem physischen Plane leben, bis sich diese bedeutenden Ereignisse, in deren Mitte wir jetzt stehen, entschieden haben. Nun, sie wird mit freierem Blicke noch, mit festerem Sinne für die Entwickelung der Menschheit, in ihrem jetzigen Zustand diese Ereignisse, an denen sie mit so innigem Anteil und Interesse hing, verfolgen können. — Und so sei es denn uns allen ans Herz gelegt, daß wir, wo wir nur können, unsere Gedanken, unsere tätigen Kräfte der Seele, mit diesem treuen Geiste, mit diesem treuen, lieben Mitgliede unserer Bewegung vereinigen, damit wir uns mit ihr eins wissen auch fernerhin, wo sie in anderer Form unter uns weilen wird als bisher, da sie auf dem physischen Plan mit uns in einer so vorbildlichen Weise verbunden war.

Nun, die Zeiten, in denen wir leben, sind solche, welche uns immer intensiver und intensiver nahelegen können, welche Bedeutung das Streben nach geistiger Erkenntnis für das Menschengeschlecht der Gegenwart und der nächsten Zukunft haben muß. Die Ereignisse, innerhalb welcher wir stehen, sind ja, man kann sagen, so, daß sie für viele heute noch, wenn es auch wenig bemerkt wird, eine Art Zustand der Betäubnis hervorrufen. Und was eigentlich geschieht, wie eingreifend die Dinge, die da geschehen, in die menschliche Entwickelung sind, das in vollem Umfang zu erkennen, dazu werden diejenigen Seelen, welche diese Menschheitskatastrophe hier auf dem physischen Plan überleben, wohl erst nach einiger Zeit aufwachen. Um so mehr müssen wir es uns angelegen sein lassen, dasjenige vor unsere Seele zu rufen, was wir Gedanken nennen können, die beleuchtend sind für die Aufgaben und Ziele dieser für die Menschheit so notwendigen geisteswissenschaftlichen Bewegung. Und für uns wird es vielleicht besonders gut sein, da wir nach langer Zeit wiederum zusammen sind, das Spezifische unserer Anschauung von dieser Geisteswissenschaft uns einmal mit einigen kurzen Gedanken vor die Seele zu führen; besser würde ich vielleicht sagen, von derjenigen Anschauung, die sich naturgemäß ergeben kann aus jener Geisteswissenschaft, die wir nun seit vielen Jahren vor unsere Seele hinstellen.

Daß die Menschen, wenigstens in diesem oder jenem ihrer Vertreter, überall heute die Sehnsucht entwickeln, der geistigen Welt nahezukommen, trotzdem auf der anderen Seite bedauerlicherweise der Materialismus nicht abnimmt, das kann aber doch bemerkt werden. Und gerade aus mancher Form, in der die Sehnsucht nach dem Geiste auftaucht, kann uns das Bedürfnis entstehen, das Spezifische unseres Suchens nach dem geistigen Leben uns einmal vor die Seele zu rücken. In England macht gegenwärtig das Suchen eines hervorragenden Gelehrten nach der geistigen Welt den allergrößten Eindruck auf die weitesten Kreise auch der gebildetsten Leute dort. Und es ist eine immerhin außerordentlich bemerkenswerte Erscheinung, daß von einem dort unter die allerersten wissenschaftlichen Geister gezählten Manne ein umfangreiches Buch geschrieben worden ist über den Zusammenhang der Menschheit hier auf der Erde mit der geistigen Welt, das eine ganz merkwürdige Form hat. Sir Oliver Lodge, der ja seit Jahren allerdings sich in der verschiedensten Weise bemüht, die naturwissenschaftlichen Erkenntnisse, zu denen er gelangt ist, so zu erweitern, daß sie ihm Aufschlüsse geben können über die geistige Welt, hat ein dickes Buch geschrieben über einen ganz besonderen Fall von Beziehungen, in die er gekommen sein will zu der geistigen Welt. Die Sache verhält sich folgendermaßen.

Sir Oliver Lodge hatte einen Sohn, Raymond Lodge. Der nahm 1915 auf englischer Seite an dem Krieg in Flandern teil. Während die Eltern Lodge den Sohn noch auf dem Kriegsschauplatz wußten, bekamen sie eine merkwürdige Nachricht aus Amerika. Eine Nachricht, die ganz gewiß für, ich möchte sagen, materialistisch gesinnte Spiritualisten außerordentlich frappierend sein mußte. Die Nachricht war so gehalten, daß aus ihr entnommen werden sollte, daß der vor vielen Jahren verstorbene englische Psychologe, der sich viel befaßt hat mit den Beziehungen der physischen Welt zu der geistigen Welt, Myers, der also seit Jahren bereits in der geistigen Welt weilt, daß dieser sich des jungen Raymond Lodge in der nächsten Zeit annehmen werde. Zunächst war es unklar, auf was sich das beziehen könne. Diese Nachricht traf allerdings etwas verspätet bei Sir Oliver Lodge ein. Sie traf ein, als Raymond Lodge, der Sohn, bereits gefallen war. Ich glaube vierzehn Tage später, ich weiß es nicht mehr genau. Nun bekam man also die Nachricht von dem Tode, und man bekam ferner wiederum aus Amerika Nachricht, die durch Medien vermittelt war, daß man sich an englische Medien wenden solle. Und siehe da, man wendete sich an englische Medien, und zwar an Medien, denen Sir Oliver Lodge — man kann das sagen, ich werde ja nachher gleich über die Bedeutung des Falles sprechen — mit genügender Kritik gegenüberstand. Sir Oliver Lodge ist Wissenschafter und ist geschult dazu, solche Dinge in wissenschaftlicher Weise zu prüfen. Er ging nach seiner Meinung ganz so zu Werke, wie man beim Laboratoriumsversuch zu Werke geht. Und was sich nun ergab, wurde nicht von einem, sondern sogar von mehreren Medien konstatiert: Raymond Lodges Seele wollte sich der Familie des Sir Oliver Lodge ankündigen. Es kam zu allerlei Schreib- und Klopfmitteilungen, zu Mitteilungen, die ihrem Inhalte nach für die Familie Lodge so überraschend waren, daß nicht nur Sir Oliver Lodge von der Wahrheit der Sache überzeugt war, sondern auch die übrigen Familienmitglieder, die solchen Dingen bis dahin außerordentlich skeptisch gegenüberstanden. Raymond Lodges Seele kündigte unter anderem an, daß Myers, der längst Verstorbene, schützend ihr zur Seite stünde, kündigte Verschiedenes an über seine letzte Zeit vor dem Tode, allerlei anderes noch, das von Bedeutung war für die Eltern und Geschwister und einen großen Eindruck machte, namentlich weil Verschiedenes, das Raymond Lodge durch die Medien mitteilen ließ, direkt bestimmt war, an die Familie und namentlich an Sir Oliver Lodge heranzukommen. Die Art und Weise der Sitzungen, die gehalten worden sind, waren für die Familie und für Sir Oliver Lodge, merkwürdigerweise muß ich sagen, und für eine weite Presse — soweit ich es verfolgen konnte — außerordentlich überraschend. Sie können nicht überraschend sein für denjenigen, der in solchen Dingen Erfahrung hat, denn im Grunde genommen konnte seiner Art und Gattung nach dasjenige, was da durch Medien von einem Toten vermittelt worden ist, jeder, der mit der Technik und dem Verlauf von solchen Sitzungen nur irgend bekannt ist, kennen. Einen besonders tiefen Eindruck hat aber in England vor allem ein Faktum gemacht. Und dieses Faktum ist wohl dasjenige, welches am meisten geeignet sein wird, in allerweitesten Kreisen der englischen gebildeten Welt, auch der amerikanischen gebildeten Welt, geradezu Überzeugung hervorzurufen, und zwar eine Überzeugung, wie sie vorher in unserer skeptischen Zeit bei sehr vielen Menschen nicht da war, bei denen sie nun gerade durch diese Sache eingetreten ist und eintreten wird. Das Faktum, das besonders starken Eindruck auf die Familie Lodge, auf Sir Oliver Lodge besonders, und auf die breite Öffentlichkeit gemacht hat, ist das folgende.

Durch eines der Medien wurden Photographien beschrieben, welche zu Lebzeiten von Raymond Lodge angefertigt worden sind. Sie wurden in der Weise beschrieben, daß Raymond Lodge selber dem Medium eingab, das sich beschreibend durch Klopftöne äußerte, wie die Photographien ausschauen. Nun wurde auf diesem Wege eine Gruppenphotographie beschrieben; das heißt also, durch das Medium kam heraus, daß die Seele des Raymond Lodge eine Gruppenphotographie beschreiben wollte, die von ihm aufgenommen worden ist kurze Zeit bevor er durch des Todes Pforte gegangen ist. Da hat er sich, so sagt er vom Jenseits heraus, mit Kollegen photographieren lassen, die in zwei Gruppen hintereinander aufgenommen worden waren; so und so war die Anordnung, er saß an der Stelle. Und er gab außerdem auf diesem Wege an, daß mehrere Aufnahmen gemacht worden sind, aber hintereinander, wie das die Photographen tun. Und zwar gab er genau an, wodurch sich diese unmittelbar hintereinander gemachten Photographien unterscheiden. Er sitzt überall auf demselben Stuhl, ungefähr auch mit derselben Hauptgeste, nur ein klein wenig ist die Lage des Arms und dergleichen verändert. Das gibt er sehr genau an. Nun, die Familie Lodge wußte von diesen Photographien nichts, sie wußte nicht, daß eine solche Photographie gemacht worden ist. Es war also zunächst das Faktum vorhanden, daß auf dem Umweg durch das Medium eine Gruppenphotographie beschrieben worden ist, welche Raymond Lodge darstellen sollte im Kreise seiner Kameraden. Nach einiger Zeit, vielleicht nach vierzehn Tagen, kam nun wirklich von Frankreich herüber diese Photographie bei Sir Oliver Lodge an, und zwar ganz genau so, wie sie durch das Medium nach den Angaben der Seele von Raymond Lodge beschrieben worden ist. Das hat einen besonders starken Eindruck gemacht. Und derjenige, der in solchen Dingen Dilettant ist und es hat sich ja gezeigt, daß eigentlich alle Welt, die da in Betracht kam, Dilettant war -, mußte also auch einen starken Eindruck haben. Es ist ein Experimentum crucis. Man hat es damit zu tun, daß eine Seele von jenseits herüber eine Photographie in mehreren voneinander verschiedenen Aufnahmen beschreibt, die etwa erst nach vierzehn Tagen bei der Familie eintrifft, und die mit diesen Angaben genau übereinstimmt. So daß man sagen kann: Keine Spur kann vorliegen, daß das Medium oder irgendein Mitglied der Sitzung — und Mitglieder waren die Angehörigen der Familie Lodge - irgend etwas von dieser Photographie gesehen haben konnten. Sehen Sie, wir haben da einen Fall, der ganz besonders ins Auge zu fassen ist: auf der einen Seite wissenschaftlich ins Auge zu fassen ist, auf der anderen Seite aber auch kulturhistorisch ins Auge zu fassen ist. Denn nicht nur, daß man voraussetzen kann, daß so etwas selbstverständlich einen großen Eindruck machen kann; es ist auch wirklich geschehen, es hat einen ungeheuren Eindruck gemacht. Und soweit man verfolgen konnte, wirkte gerade diese Beschreibung der Photographie, die also nicht auf Gedankenübertragung beruhen konnte, tief überzeugend.

Für uns handelt es sich besonders darum, den ganzen Fall ins Auge zu fassen. Denn wir müssen uns über folgendes klar sein: Wenn der Mensch durch die Pforte des Todes geht, so haben wir es zunächst damit zu tun, daß die menschliche Individualität nunmehr für kurze Zeit eingehüllt ist vom Astralleib und Ätherleib, daß dieser Ätherleib nach kürzerer oder längerer Zeit, aber immerhin nach einer Zeit, welche, wie wir wissen, nach Tagen zu bemessen ist, mitgeteilt wird der ätherischen Welt und dort ihr weiteres Schicksal durchmacht, so daß die Individualität mit dem Astralleib in der geistigen Welt ihre weitere Wanderung antritt. Und so wie der physische Leib hier auf der Erde abgesondert ist von der Individualität, so ist es auch der menschliche Ätherleib. Nun müssen wir uns klar sein darüber, daß in spiritistischen Sitzungen — und mit spiritistischen Sitzungen hat man es in dem ganzen Werke des Sir Oliver Lodge zu tun - nur von einem gründlichen Kenner unterschieden werden kann, ob die Kommunikation da ist mit der wirklichen Individualität oder bloß mit dem abgelegten, zurückgebliebenen ätherischen Leichnam. Dieser ätherische Leichnam steht trotzdem in einer fortwährenden Kommunikation mit der Individualität. Nun, wenn man auf dem Umwege durch ein Medium eine Verbindung herstellt mit der geistigen Welt, so stellt man sie zunächst mit dem Ätherleib her, und man kann nie sicher sein, ob man auf diesem Umwege wirklich an die Individualität herangelangt. Es ist ja gewiß das Bestreben unserer Zeit, auch für das spirituelle Sein etwas wie den Laboratoriumsversuch zu finden, etwas, was man mit Händen greifen kann, was man unmittelbar in der materiellen Welt vor sich hat. Auf den inneren Weg, auf dem die Seele in die geistigen Welten wandern soll, auf den reinen Geistesweg mag sich unsere materialistische Zeit nicht gerne einlassen. Sie will, daß auch der Geist sich materiell ankünde, daß dieser Geist in die materielle Welt hinuntersteigt. Wir erleben alle Phasen des materialistischen Spiritualismus, des materialistischen Sich-Hinwendens zur geistigen Welt.

Nun ist durchaus möglich, daß der ätherische Leib, der sich absondert von der eigentlichen menschlichen Individualität, eine gewisse Art von Eigenleben zeigt, das für den Laien durchaus zu verwechseln ist mit dem Leben der Individualität. Man darf nämlich nicht glauben, daß dieser Ätherleib, wenn er nun der ätherischen Welt übergeben ist, nur Reminiszenzen, nur Erinnerungen, nur Nachklänge zeigen würde an dasjenige, was der Mensch hier durchgemacht hat, sondern er zeigt sich als eine wirklich fortlebende Individualität. Er kann ganz Neues kundgeben und hervorbringen. Und dennoch, wer da glaubt, durch diese Verbindung mit dem Ätherleibe in einer Verbindung mit der Individualität zu sein, der ist auf falscher Fährte. Insbesondere ist das möglich, wenn in einem Kreise, wie in diesem Kreise von der Familie Sir Oliver Lodges - es waren alles Mitglieder der Familie —, Menschen herumsitzen, welche so oder so geartete Gedanken hinlenkten nach dem Verstorbenen, wie es natürlich war in der Seele eines jeden dieser Mitglieder der Familie Lodge. Gedanken an den Verstorbenen, mannigfaltige Erinnerungen, die teilten sich auf dem Umwege durch die mediale Kraft des Mediums dem Ätherleibe mit, und der Ätherleib gibt wiederum manchmal ganz und gar frappierende Antworten zurück, die durchaus sich so ausnehmen, als ob die Individualität des Toten die Antworten gäbe. Dennoch braucht man es nur mit dem abgelegten ätherischen Leichnam zu tun zu haben. Und für denjenigen, der mit diesen Dingen bekannt ist, findet wirklich das statt, daß überall, wo geschildert wird, wie durch das Medium das oder jenes von Raymond Lodge an die Mitglieder der Familie des Sir Oliver Lodge kommt, eigentlich nur der ätherische Leichnam spricht, ohne daß die Individualität des Raymond Lodge wirklich in Kommunikation gestanden hätte mit dem ganzen Kreise. Es sind daher auch, wie gesagt, für denjenigen, der bewandert ist in dem Verlauf von solchen Sitzungen, alle die Mitteilungen nicht besonders frappierend.

Es hätte das Ganze wahrscheinlich auch nicht auf einen weiten Kreis einen so bedeutsamen Eindruck gemacht und würde ihn nicht weiter machen, wenn nicht die Photographie-Geschichte vorläge. Denn diese Photographie-Geschichte ist doch etwas außerordentlich Merkwürdiges. Denn es ist doch unmöglich, daß irgendwie aus dem Kreis — wie das bei allen anderen Dingen, die in den Sitzungen vorkamen, möglich ist — Gedanken hätten hingehen können durch das Medium zu dem ätherischen Leibe. Denn niemand konnte in England etwas von den Photographien wissen; die waren noch nicht angekommen, als die Mitteilungen durch das Medium gemacht wurden. Trotzdem ist es höchst merkwürdig, daß jemand, der so lange schon sich für diese Dinge interessiert und der außerdem ein so gelehrter Wissenschafter ist wie Sir Oliver Lodge, daß der nicht weiß, wie eine solche Sache aufzufassen ist. Ich habe wirklich mich bemüht, in diesem Falle in die Sache genauer hineinzuschauen, und das ist sehr gut möglich, weil eben gerade Sir Oliver Lodge Gelehrter, Wissenschafter ist, und deshalb in einer Weise beschreibt, auf die man sich verlassen kann; so daß man es nicht zu tun hat mit irgendwelchem Protokoll einer gewöhnlichen spiritistischen Sitzung, sondern mit den Mitteilungen eines Mannes, der mit der Sicherheit eines Wissenschafters schildert, der gewöhnt ist, die wissenschaftliche Gewissenhaftigkeit zu entwickeln, die ein Chemiker in den Laboratoriumsversuchen entfaltet. Man kann aus der Schilderung, die außerordentlich gewissenhaft gemacht ist, sich ein vollständiges Bild machen desjenigen, um was es sich handelt. Man muß nur wissen, um was es sich handelt.

Da ist es sehr merkwürdig, daß jemand durch das außerordentliche Interesse, das er dadurch hat, daß es sich um seinen Sohn handelt, jemand, der sich doch schon durch viele Jahre für diese Dinge interessiert, also ein gelehrter Mann wie Sir Oliver Lodge, nichts weiß von demjenigen, was wir innerhalb unserer Geisteswissenschaft öfter beschrieben haben, wenn wir die atavistischen Formen des Hellsehens beschrieben haben als Vorahnung, als Deuteroskopie. Denn man hat in diesem Falle es mit nichts anderem zu tun als mit einem ganz besonderen Falle der Deuteroskopie. Die Sache ist so: Wir haben es mit einem Medium zu tun. Diesem Medium ist in gewisser Weise — selbstverständlich durch atavistische Kräfte — die geistige Welt offen, das wissen wir. Solche Medien überbrücken in ihrem Schauen den Raum. Aber nicht nur, daß sie in dem sogenannten zweiten Gesicht den Raum überbrücken, sondern sie überbrücken auch die Zeit. Und nehmen wir einen sehr einfachen Fall, den Fall, der hundert und hundertmal beschrieben ist - Sie können die Fälle beschrieben lesen, wenn Sie nicht selber so etwas bei sich oder bei Bekannten erlebt haben —, daß jemand, der besonders dazu veranlagt ist, wie traumhaft, aber in halber Vision, als Zukunftsereignis seinen eigenen Sarg oder Leichenzug sieht. Er stirbt in vierzehn Tagen. Er hat das gesehen, was sich erst in vierzehn Tagen zuträgt. Man kann nicht nur seinen eigenen Sarg oder Leichenzug, sondern zum Beispiel einen fremden Leichenzug sehen, ein ganz gleichgültiges Ereignis sehen, zum Beispiel - ich erzähle einen bestimmten Fall - sehen, wie man nach vierzehn Tagen oder drei Wochen aufs Land hinausgerufen wird und vom Pferde stürzt. Der Fall ist vorgekommen. Jemand hat das genau gesehen, hat versucht, Vorkehrungen zu treffen; aber diese Vorkehrungen sind so ausgefallen, daß die Sache trotzdem passiert ist. Da haben wir es mit einem Überbrücken der Zeit zu tun. Nichts anderes aber ist das, was Sir Oliver Lodge beschreibt, als ein Überbrücken der Zeit. Nichts anderes. Seine Beschreibung ist wirklich so genau, daß die Nachprüfung durchaus möglich ist. Das Medium hat durch seine mediale Kraft das zukünftige Ereignis gesehen. Als das Medium sprach, war die Photographie nicht da, aber sie kam in vierzehn Tagen, oder so ungefähr, an. Sie wurde umhergezeigt. Das fand erst nach einiger Zeit statt, aber das sah das Medium voraus. Es war ein prophetisches Vorgesicht, eine Deuteroskopie. Man hat es zu tun mit einem Vorgesicht; das ist es, was die Sache erklärt. Das hat also gar nichts zu tun mit einer Kommunikation zwischen demjenigen, der hier auf dem physischen Plan ist, und dem, der in der geistigen Welt ist.

Sie sehen, wie sehr man verwirrt werden kann durch das Streben nach materialistischer Ausdeutung der geistigen Verhältnisse in der Welt, wie sehr man blind sein kann gegen dasjenige, was wirklich ist. Es ist ja wahrhaftig nicht minder ein Beweis für die Realität einer Welt, die hinter der gewöhnlichen Sinneswelt steht, daß solch ein Vorgesicht da ist. Der Fall ist interessant, nur kann man ihn nicht verwerten für die Konstatierung des Verhältnisses zwischen Lebenden und Verstorbenen. Die Verstorbenen müssen aufgesucht werden — wenn sie aufgesucht werden sollen und dürfen — auf dem Wege, der ein wirklich geistiger ist. Über diese Dinge werden wir ja in der nächsten Zeit noch mannigfaltige Betrachtungen anstellen, denn ich gedenke gerade über die Frage der Beziehungen der Lebenden zu den Toten in der nächsten Zeit verschiedene Kapitel hier zu besprechen.

Nun, ich habe Ihnen diese Schrift von Sir Oliver Lodge über Raymond Lodges Seele vorgeführt aus dem Grunde, um Ihnen zu zeigen, wie dasjenige Sehnen nach der geistigen Welt beschaffen ist, das ja vorhanden ist, das man aber eine materialistische Art dieses Sehnens nennen kann. Oliver Lodge ist eben materialistischer Gelehrter. Wenn er auch nach der geistigen Welt strebt, er will doch die geistige Welt nach Art der physikalischen oder chemischen Welt kennenlernen. Wie er die chemischen Gesetze erforscht im Laboratorium, so will er auch das augenscheinlich vor sich haben, was sich auf die geistige Welt bezieht. Und ganz ferne liegt ihm jener Weg, den wir als den richtigen anerkennen müssen, der Weg, den die Seele auf innerliche Art hin nach der geistigen Welt nimmt, und den wir ja so oft beschrieben haben, wie wir nicht minder beschrieben haben, was da die Seele kennenlernt als zunächst uns heute in der Gegenwart angehend und der Welt der physischen Sinne, in der wir leben, zugrunde liegend. Gerade an den Bestrebungen, die auf materialistische Art nach der geistigen Welt hingehen, kann man den ganzen materialistischen Charakter unserer Zeit kennenlernen. Und wenn unsere Bewegung einen Sinn haben soll, das heißt, den Sinn haben soll, der für sie folgen muß aus dem notwendigen Entwickelungsgesetz der Menschheit, dann muß sie gerade scharf betonen das Geistig-Innerliche, das wirklich Spirituelle gegenüber diesem materialistischen Streben, das heißt absurden Streben nach der geistigen Welt.

Und warum muß denn in der Gegenwart eine ganz andere Art als die materialistische es ist, nämlich eine rein geistige Art, wirklich die Menschenherzen ergreifen? Diese Frage müssen wir im Zusammenhang betrachten mit einer Tatsache, auf die wir öfter hingewiesen haben im Laufe der Jahre, und die uns gerade besonders in diesen Tagen, in diesen Leidens- und Prüfungstagen nahegehen muß. Wir haben hingewiesen darauf, wie dieses zwanzigste Jahrhundert die Anschauung des ätherischen Christus unter die Menschheit bringen muß. Und so wahr, wir haben das oft gesagt, als zur Zeit des Mysteriums von Golgatha der Christus physisch unter den Menschen gewandelt hat an einer bestimmten Stätte der Erde, so wahr wird über die ganze Erde hin im zwanzigsten Jahrhundert der ätherische Christus unter den Menschen wandeln. Und nicht darf, wenn gegen der Erde Heil nicht gesündigt werden soll, die Menschheit unaufmerksam an diesem Ereignis vorbeigehen; sondern sie muß die notwendige Aufmerksamkeit haben, damit eine genügende Anzahl von Menschen vorbereitet sein werden, den Christus wirklich zu schauen, der da kommen wird und der geschaut werden muß.

Solch ein Ereignis, es kommt nicht ganz plötzlich, wie das Ereignis von Golgatha auch nicht plötzlich gekommen ist, sondern sich auch durch dreiunddreißig Jahre vorbereitet hat. Und so nah ist der Zeitpunkt, wo etwas, aber jetzt geistig, geschehen wird, was eine ähnliche Bedeutung haben wird für die Menschheit wie das Ereignis von Golgatha auf dem physischen Plan. Daher werden Sie es nicht unglaubhaft finden, wenn Sie im allgemeinen die oben berührte Tatsache zugeben, wenn gesagt wird, daß er eigentlich in der Form, in der er geschaut werden wird im großen Augenblick der Entwickelung im zwanzigsten Jahrhundert, schon da ist, daß sich vorbereitet der große Augenblick. Nicht unglaubhaft werden Sie es finden, wenn eben im Angesicht des großen Augenblickes gesagt wird: Dieser Augenblick bereitet sich schon vor. Ja, man kann sagen: So weit die Menschheit in ihren heutigen Taten entfernt zu sein scheint von dem Durchtränktsein mit dem Christus-Geist auf dem physischen Plan, so nahe ist den Seelen, wenn sie sich nur öffnen wollten, der Christus, der da kommt. Und der Okkultist kann geradezu darauf hindeuten, wie seit dem Jahre 1909 ungefähr in deutlich vernehmbarer Weise sich vorbereitet dasjenige, was da kommen soll; daß wir seit dem Jahre 1909 innerlich in einer ganz besonderen Zeit leben. Und es ist heute möglich, wenn es nur gesucht wird, dem Christus ganz nahe zu sein, den Christus in ganz anderer Art zu finden, als ihn frühere Zeiten gefunden haben.

Eines kann einem auffallen, was ich Ihnen, so einfach es klingen mag, sagen muß aus einer tiefen Zeitempfindung heraus. Leider macht man sich ja gewöhnlich nicht genug gründliche Vorstellungen über dasjenige, was vergangen ist, namentlich was vorgegangen ist mit den menschlichen Seelen in früheren Jahrhunderten. Von der Stärke des Eindrucks, den in den ersten christlichen Jahrhunderten, wenn auch auf einen geringeren Kreis als später, vielleicht nicht die heute bekannten Evangelien, aber dasjenige, was in den heute bekannten Evangelien steht, gemacht hat, von dem unendlich Starken des innerlichen Ergriffenseins der Seele macht man sich heute keine rechte Vorstellung mehr. Ja, mit den zunehmenden Jahrhunderten wurde wirklich der Eindruck, den das Innerliche der Evangelien machte, immer geringer. Und heute darf man schon sagen, wenn man sich keinen Illusionen hingibt: Der einzelne, wenn er gewisse Intuitionen hat, gewisse ahnende Kräfte hat, kann durchdringen durch das Wort der Evangelien zu einer Vorstellung desjenigen, was geschehen ist in der Zeit des Mysteriums von Golgatha; aber die ungeheure Kraft des Evangelien-Wortes selber, sie wurde geringer und immer geringer, und sie wirkt heute, wenn man sich eben keiner Illusion hingibt, in den weitesten Kreisen der Menschen nur noch schwach. Man will sich solch eine Tatsache nicht mehr gestehen; aber es wäre gut, weil es die Wahrheit ist, wenn man es sich gestehen wollte. Wie kommt das?

Nun, so wahr es ist, daß dasjenige, was durch die Evangelien pulst, nicht Erdenwort ist, sondern Kosmos-Wort, Himmels-Wort, eine unvergleichlich größere innere Kraftmöglichkeit hat als irgend etwas anderes auf der Erde, ebenso wahr ist es, daß der Form, in der dieses Wort niedergelegt ist in den Evangelien, aus der Zeit des Mysteriums von Golgatha heraus, die Menschen in ihren Seelen sich entfremdet haben in dieser Zeit. Denken Sie doch nur nach darüber, wie unendlich schwer es Ihnen ist, die Sprache, wenn sie zufällig an Sie herankommt, in einem Zustand zu verstehen, wie sie vor vier, fünf Jahrhunderten war. Ein Herüberübersetzen gibt ja durchaus nicht dasjenige, was wirklich da ist. Die Evangelien in der Gestalt, in der sie heute ein Mensch haben kann, sind eben nicht die ursprünglichen Evangelien, haben nicht die ursprüngliche Kraft. Man kann zu ihnen durchdringen durch eine gewisse Intuition, wie ich sagte; aber sie haben eben nicht dieselbe Kraft. Und der Christus, der hat das Wort gesprochen, das zutiefst in die Menschenseele sich eingraben soll: Ich bin bei euch alle Tage bis ans Ende der Erdenzeit. — Dies ist eine Wahrheit, dies ist eine Wirklichkeit. In verschiedener Form, in einer der Menschenseele besonders nahen Form, wird er es sein in der angedeuteten Zeit des zwanzigsten Jahrhunderts.

Nun, aus dem, was ich gesagt habe, können Sie entnehmen, daß derjenige, der sich in diesen Dingen als Okkultist drinnenstehend fühlt, sagt: Er ist da! So ist er da, daß wir von ihm deutlich wissen, daß er nun mehr noch will mit seinen Menschenkindern, als er in verflossenen Jahrhunderten gewollt hat. Die Evangelien haben bisher innerlich zu den Menschen gesprochen. Sie sollten die Seelen ergreifen. Daher konnte man auch mit dem Glauben sich begnügen, nicht zum Wissen fortschreiten. Diese Zeit ist vorüber, diese Zeit liegt hinter uns. Der Christus hat noch ganz anderes vor mit seinen Menschenkindern. Er hat das vor, daß das Reich, von dem er gesagt hat «Mein Reich ist nicht von dieser Welt», wirklich in diejenigen Teile der Menschenwesenheit einziehe, die selber nicht von dieser Welt sind, die von einer anderen Welt sind. Denn in jedem von uns liegt der Teil des Menschen, der nicht von dieser Welt ist. Und der Teil des Menschen, der nicht von dieser Welt ist, der muß in intensiver Weise gerade suchen das Reich, von dem der Christus gesagt hat, es sei nicht von dieser Welt.

In der Zeit, in der dies verstanden werden muß, leben wir. Und manche solcher Dinge in der Menschheitsentwickelung künden sich gerade an durch den tiefsten Kontrast. Und auch in unserer Zeit kündigt sich ein Großes, Bedeutsames durch den Kontrast an. Denn die Zeit wird kommen mit dem kommenden Christus, mit dem daseienden Christus, wo die Menschen lernen werden, nicht nur für ihre Seelen, sondern für das, was sie begründen wollen durch ihr unsterbliches Teil hier auf Erden, den Christus zu befragen. Der Christus ist nicht nur ein Menschen-Herrscher, er ist ein Menschen-Bruder, der befragt werden will, besonders in den kommenden Zeiten befragt werden will für alle Einzelheiten des Lebens. Was die Menschen begründen wollen, durch den Kontrast wird es begründet heute. Heute scheinen sich Ereignisse zu vollziehen, bei denen die Menschen am allerfernsten zu stehen scheinen der Frage an den Christus. Wer frägt bei demjenigen — so müssen wir uns fragen —, was heute geschieht: Was sagt der Christus Jesus dazu? - Wer frägt es? Manche sagen, daß sie es fragen, aber es wäre gotteslästerlich, zu glauben, daß sie es fragen, daß in der Form, wie sie heute gestellt werden, die Fragen wirklich an den Christus gestellt werden. Und dennoch, die Zeit muß kommen, sie darf nicht ferne sein, wo die Menschenseele in ihrem unsterblichen Teil für dasjenige, was sie begründen will, die Frage an den Christus stellt: Soll es geschehen, soll es nicht geschehen? — wo die Menschenseele den Christus als sie liebenden Genossen im Einzelfalle des Lebens neben sich sieht und nicht nur Trost, nicht nur Kraft bekommt von der Christus-Wesenheit, sondern auch Auskunft bekommt über dasjenige, was geschehen soll. Das Reich des Christus Jesus ist nicht von dieser Welt, aber es muß wirken in dieser Welt, und die Menschenseelen müssen die Werkzeuge des Reiches werden, das nicht von dieser Welt ist. Von diesem Standpunkte aus müssen wir Umschau halten danach, wie wenig heute die Frage aufgeworfen wird, die an den Christus für die einzelnen Taten und Ereignisse gestellt werden muß. Lernen aber muß die Menschheit, den Christus zu befragen.

Wie soll das geschehen? Das kann nur dadurch geschehen, daß wir seine Sprache lernen. Derjenige, der den tieferen Sinn dessen, was unsere Geisteswissenschaft will, einsieht, der sieht in ihr nicht bloß ein theoretisches Wissen über allerlei Menschheitsprobleme, über die Glieder der Menschennatur, über Reinkarnation und Karma, sondern er sucht in ihr eine ganz besondere Sprache, eine Art und Weise, sich über geistige Dinge auszudrücken. Und daß wir lernen, durch die Geisteswissenschaft innerlich im Gedanken mit der geistigen Welt zu sprechen, das ist viel wichtiger, als daß wir uns theoretische Gedanken aneignen. Denn der Christus ist bei uns alle Tage bis ans Ende der Erdenzeiten. Seine Sprache sollen wir lernen. Und durch die Sprache — und scheint sie noch so abstrakt zu sein -, durch die wir von Saturn, Sonne, Mond und Erde und auf der Erde von verschiedenen Perioden und verschiedenen Zeiten und von verschiedenen anderen Geheimnissen der Entwickelung hören, durch diese sogenannte Lehre lehren wir uns selber eine Sprache, in die wir die Fragen gießen können, die wir stellen an die geistige Welt. Und wenn wir lernen, so recht in der Sprache dieses geistigen Lebens innerlich zu sprechen, dann, meine lieben Freunde, dann wird sich entwickeln, daß der Christus neben uns steht und uns Antwort gibt. Das ist etwas, das wir als eine Gesinnung aus unseren geisteswissenschaftlichen Bestrebungen aufnehmen sollen, als eine Empfindung, als ein Gefühl. Warum befassen wir uns mit Geisteswissenschaft? Es ist, wie wenn wir das Vokabularium derjenigen Sprache lernen sollen, durch die wir an den Christus herankommen. Und wer sich bemüht, über die Welt denken zu lernen, wie sich die Geisteswissenschaft bemüht, wer sich bemüht, seinen Kopf so anzustrengen, daß er, so wie die Geisteswissenschaft es will, in die Weltengeheimnisse hineinsieht, an den wird aus dem düster-dunklen Grunde der Weltengeheimnisse die Gestalt des Christus Jesus herantreten und ihm die starke Kraft sein, in der er leben wird, brüderlich führend an seiner Seite stehend, auf daß er mit Herz und Seele stark und kräftig sein könne, den Aufgaben der zukünftigen Menschheitsentwickelung gewachsen zu sein. Suchen wir daher nicht bloß als Lehre, suchen wir als eine Sprache uns die Geisteswissenschaft anzueignen, und warten wir dann, bis wir in dieser Sprache die Fragen finden, die wir an den Christus stellen dürfen. Er wird antworten, ja er wird antworten! Und reichliche Seelenkräfte, Seelenstärkungen, Seelenimpulse wird derjenige davontragen, der aus grauer Geistestiefe heraus, die in der Menschheitsentwickelung dieser Zeit liegt, die Anweisung des Christus vernehmen wird, die dieser dem, der sie sucht, geben will in der allernächsten Zukunft.

First Lecture

Let me first express my deep satisfaction at being able to be here with you again. This would have happened sooner if it had not been urgently necessary to bring the work on the group that has often been discussed here, which is to be located in the east of the Dornach building and which represents the representatives of humanity in their interaction with the Ahrimanic and Luciferic forces, to a stage where it can now be continued without me. In the present time, it is necessary to think ahead in a certain way for the future, and it seemed to me absolutely necessary, in view of the events that may come, to promote this group as far as it has been possible to do so. Moreover, these times in particular must make it very clear to us that spatial togetherness on the physical plane cannot be the only thing that keeps us going through the impulses of spiritual science, but how being together in thought and spirit in our spiritual scientific endeavors must carry us through these difficult times of trials and suffering, even if it can only be spiritual, even if it can only be in thought and spirit, and how the strength of our spiritual scientific endeavors must be tested precisely through this.

Since we have not been able to meet here, we have had to mourn the loss of our dear Miss Motzkus and other dear friends who have left the physical plane as a result of the events of the times. It is particularly painful not to see Miss Motzkus among those dear friends who have participated in our spiritual scientific endeavors here for so many years. She had been part of our movement since we began. From the very first day, from the first meeting in the smallest circle, she was always in our midst as a member devoted to the movement with all her heart, who participated with deep involvement in all phases and all trials of development of our movement; who, above all, throughout all the events we had to go through, preserved in the deepest sense of the word an invincible loyalty to our cause, a loyalty through which Miss Motzkus was certainly an example to those who truly want to be devoted members of the spiritual scientific movement. And so we look after this dear, good soul into the worlds of spiritual life to which she has ascended, preserving the relationship of loyalty to her that has been formed and strengthened over many years, knowing that we are forever connected with her soul. — Recently, Miss Motzkus herself had to mourn the loss of her faithful friend, whom she has now so soon found again in the spiritual world, and she accepted this blow in the sense that one can endure such a blow when one has a real understanding of the spiritual world. It was admirable how Miss Motzkus showed such keen interest in the great events of the time right up until her last days. She told me repeatedly that she wanted to live here on the physical plane until these significant events, in the midst of which we now find ourselves, had been decided. Now, with a freer view and a firmer sense of the development of humanity, she will be able to follow these events, in which she took such a keen interest, in her present state. — And so let it be close to all our hearts that, wherever we can, we unite our thoughts and the active powers of our souls with this faithful spirit, with this faithful, beloved member of our movement, so that we may know ourselves to be one with her even in the future, when she will be among us in a different form than before, since she was connected with us in such an exemplary way on the physical plane.

Now, the times in which we live are such that they can impress upon us more and more intensely the importance that the pursuit of spiritual knowledge must have for the human race of the present and the near future. The events in which we find ourselves are such that, even if it is little noticed, they cause a kind of stupor in many people today. And what is actually happening, how profoundly the things that are happening are affecting human development, will only become fully apparent after some time to those souls who survive this catastrophe of humanity here on the physical plane. All the more must we make it our task to call before our souls what we may call thoughts that shed light on the tasks and goals of this spiritual-scientific movement, which is so necessary for humanity. And for us, now that we are together again after a long time, it will perhaps be particularly beneficial to bring to mind, with a few brief thoughts, the specific nature of our view of this spiritual science; or rather, I should say, of the view that can naturally arise from the spiritual science that we have been placing before our souls for many years now.

It can be observed that people everywhere today, at least in some of their representatives, are developing a longing to come closer to the spiritual world, yet on the other hand, materialism is unfortunately not diminishing. And it is precisely from some of the forms in which this longing for the spiritual arises that we may feel the need to bring the specific nature of our search for spiritual life before our souls. In England at present, the search for the spiritual world by an eminent scholar is making the greatest impression on the widest circles of even the most educated people there. And it is an extraordinary phenomenon that a man who is counted among the foremost scientific minds there has written a voluminous book on the connection between humanity here on earth and the spiritual world, which has a very remarkable form. Sir Oliver Lodge, who for years has been striving in various ways to expand the scientific knowledge he has acquired so that it can provide him with insights into the spiritual world, has written a thick book about a very special case of relationships he claims to have established with the spiritual world. The matter is as follows.

Sir Oliver Lodge had a son, Raymond Lodge. In 1915, he took part in the war in Flanders on the English side. While Lodge's parents still believed their son to be on the battlefield, they received a strange message from America. A message that must have been extremely startling for, I would say, materialistically minded spiritualists. The message was worded in such a way as to imply that the English psychologist Myers, who had died many years earlier and had been very interested in the relationship between the physical world and the spiritual world, and who had therefore been in the spiritual world for years, would be taking care of young Raymond Lodge in the near future. At first, it was unclear what this could refer to. However, this message reached Sir Oliver Lodge somewhat late. It arrived when Raymond Lodge, the son, had already been killed in action. I believe it was fourteen days later, I don't remember exactly. So now they received the news of his death, and they also received news from America, conveyed through mediums, that they should turn to English mediums. And lo and behold, they turned to the English media, and specifically to media outlets that Sir Oliver Lodge—one can say this, I will talk about the significance of the case later—viewed with sufficient criticism. Sir Oliver Lodge is a scientist and is trained to examine such things in a scientific manner. He proceeded according to his own opinion, just as one would proceed in a laboratory experiment. And what now emerged was confirmed not by one, but by several mediums: Raymond Lodge's soul wanted to announce itself to Sir Oliver Lodge's family. There were all kinds of written and knocking messages, messages whose content was so surprising to the Lodge family that not only Sir Oliver Lodge was convinced of the truth of the matter, but also the other family members, who had previously been extremely skeptical about such things. Among other things, Raymond Lodge's soul announced that Myers, who had long since passed away, would stand protectively by her side, He announced various things about his last days before his death, all sorts of other things that were important to his parents and siblings and made a great impression, especially because various things that Raymond Lodge had communicated through the mediums were directly intended for the family and especially for Sir Oliver Lodge. The manner in which the sessions were conducted was, strangely enough, I must say, extremely surprising to the family and to Sir Oliver Lodge, and to a wide press, as far as I could follow it. They cannot be surprising to anyone who has experience in such matters, because basically, anyone who is even remotely familiar with the technique and procedure of such sessions could have known what was being communicated by a dead person through mediums. However, one fact in particular made a particularly deep impression in England. And this fact is probably the one that will be most likely to convince the widest circles of the educated English world, and also the educated American world, of a conviction that was previously absent in our skeptical age among very many people, but which has now arisen and will continue to arise precisely because of this event. The fact that made a particularly strong impression on the Lodge family, on Sir Oliver Lodge in particular, and on the general public is the following.

Through one of the mediums, photographs were described that had been taken during Raymond Lodge's lifetime. They were described in such a way that Raymond Lodge himself dictated to the medium, who expressed himself descriptively through knocking sounds, what the photographs looked like. In this way, a group photograph was described; that is to say, through the medium it emerged that the soul of Raymond Lodge wanted to describe a group photograph that had been taken of him shortly before he passed through the gates of death. He says from the beyond that he had himself photographed with colleagues who were photographed in two groups one behind the other; this was the arrangement, he was sitting in his place. He also stated in this way that several photographs were taken, but one after the other, as photographers do. He specified exactly how these photographs, taken immediately one after the other, differed from each other. He is sitting in the same chair in all of them, with roughly the same main gesture, only the position of his arm and suchlike has changed slightly. He describes this very precisely. Now, the Lodge family knew nothing about these photographs; they did not know that such a photograph had been taken. So initially there was the fact that, through the medium, a group photograph had been described which was supposed to depict Raymond Lodge surrounded by his comrades. After some time, perhaps a fortnight, this photograph actually arrived from France at Sir Oliver Lodge's address, and it was exactly as it had been described by the medium according to the instructions of Raymond Lodge's soul. This made a particularly strong impression. And anyone who is an amateur in such matters – and it turned out that everyone involved was an amateur – was bound to be deeply impressed. It is an experimentum crucis. We are dealing with a soul from the beyond describing a photograph in several different shots, which arrives at the family's home about a fortnight later and corresponds exactly to these details. So that one can say: there can be no trace that the medium or any member of the session—and the members were members of the Lodge family—could have seen anything of this photograph. You see, we have here a case that is particularly noteworthy: on the one hand, it is noteworthy from a scientific point of view, but on the other hand, it is also noteworthy from a cultural-historical point of view. For not only can one assume that something like this would naturally make a great impression; it actually happened, and it made an enormous impression. And as far as one could tell, it was precisely this description of the photograph, which could not have been based on thought transmission, that was so deeply convincing.

For us, it is particularly important to consider the whole case. For we must be clear about the following: when a person passes through the gate of death, we are initially dealing with the fact that the human individuality is now enveloped for a short time by the astral body and the etheric body, that this etheric body, after a shorter or longer period of time, but in any case after a period of time which, as we know, can be measured in days, it is communicated to the etheric world and undergoes its further destiny there, so that the individuality with the astral body begins its further journey in the spiritual world. And just as the physical body here on earth is separated from the individuality, so is the human etheric body. Now we must be clear that in spiritualistic séances — and spiritualistic séances are what we are dealing with throughout Sir Oliver Lodge's work — only a thorough expert can distinguish whether communication is taking place with the real individuality or merely with the discarded, retained etheric corpse. This etheric corpse nevertheless remains in constant communication with the individuality. Now, when one establishes a connection with the spiritual world through the detour of a medium, one first establishes it with the etheric body, and one can never be sure whether one really reaches the individuality through this detour. It is certainly the aspiration of our time to find something like a laboratory experiment for spiritual existence, something that can be grasped with the hands, something that is immediately present in the material world. Our materialistic age does not like to embark on the inner path along which the soul is supposed to journey into the spiritual worlds, the pure spiritual path. It wants the spirit to manifest itself materially, too, it wants this spirit to descend into the material world. We are experiencing all phases of materialistic spiritualism, of the materialistic turning toward the spiritual world.

Now it is quite possible that the etheric body, which separates itself from the actual human individuality, displays a certain kind of life of its own, which the layman can easily confuse with the life of the individuality. For we must not believe that this etheric body, once it has been surrendered to the etheric world, would show only reminiscences, only memories, only echoes of what the human being has gone through here, but rather that it reveals itself as a truly continuing individuality. It can reveal and bring forth something entirely new. And yet, anyone who believes that through this connection with the etheric body they are connected with individuality is on the wrong track. This is especially possible when, in a circle such as that of Sir Oliver Lodge's family—all of whom were members of the family—people sit around directing their thoughts in one way or another toward the deceased, as was natural in the soul of each member of the Lodge family. Thoughts of the deceased, manifold memories, communicated themselves indirectly through the medium's power to the etheric body, and the etheric body in turn sometimes gives back quite striking answers that appear as if the individuality of the deceased were giving the answers. Nevertheless, one only has to deal with the discarded etheric corpse. And for those who are familiar with these things, it really is the case that wherever it is described how, through the medium, this or that comes from Raymond Lodge to the members of Sir Oliver Lodge's family, it is actually only the etheric corpse that is speaking, without the individuality of Raymond Lodge really having been in communication with the whole circle. Therefore, as I said, for those who are well versed in the course of such sessions, none of the messages are particularly striking.

The whole thing would probably not have made such a significant impression on a wide circle and would not continue to do so if it were not for the photograph story. For this photograph story is something extremely remarkable. For it is impossible that thoughts could have passed from the circle to the ethereal body through the medium, as is possible with all other things that occurred during the sessions. For no one in England could have known anything about the photographs; they had not yet arrived when the messages were given through the medium. Nevertheless, it is highly remarkable that someone who has been interested in these things for so long and who is also such a learned scientist as Sir Oliver Lodge does not know how to interpret such a thing. I have really tried to look into this matter more closely, and that is very possible because Sir Oliver Lodge is a scholar and scientist and therefore describes things in a way that can be relied upon; so that one is not dealing with some kind of report of an ordinary spiritualist séance, but with the communications of a man who describes it with the certainty of a scientist accustomed to developing the scientific conscientiousness that a chemist displays in laboratory experiments. From the description, which is extremely conscientious, one can form a complete picture of what is involved. One only needs to know what it is about.

It is very strange that someone with such an extraordinary interest in the matter, because it concerns his son, someone who has been interested in these things for many years, a learned man like Sir Oliver Lodge, knows nothing of what we have often described in our spiritual science when we have described the atavistic forms of clairvoyance as premonitions, as deuteroscopy. For in this case we are dealing with nothing other than a very special case of deuteroscopy. The situation is this: we are dealing with a medium. This medium is, in a certain sense — through atavistic forces, of course — open to the spiritual world; we know that. Such mediums bridge space in their vision. But not only do they bridge space in their so-called second sight, they also bridge time. Let us take a very simple case, one that has been described hundreds and hundreds of times—you can read about such cases if you have not experienced something like this yourself or through acquaintances—in which someone who is particularly predisposed to this sees, as if in a dream but in a semi-vision, his own coffin or funeral procession as a future event. He dies in fourteen days. He has seen what will happen in fourteen days. One can see not only one's own coffin or funeral procession, but also, for example, a stranger's funeral procession, a completely indifferent event, for example—I will tell you of a specific case—seeing how, after fourteen days or three weeks, one is called out into the countryside and falls from a horse. The case actually happened. Someone saw it exactly, tried to take precautions, but these precautions failed, and the accident happened anyway. Here we are dealing with a bridging of time. But what Sir Oliver Lodge describes is nothing other than a bridging of time. Nothing else. His description is so precise that it is entirely possible to verify it. The medium saw the future event through his mediumistic power. When the medium spoke, the photograph was not there, but it arrived in about fourteen days. It was shown around. This did not happen until some time later, but the medium foresaw it. It was a prophetic vision, a deuteroscopy. We are dealing with a vision; that is what explains the matter. So this has nothing to do with communication between someone who is here on the physical plane and someone who is in the spiritual world.

You see how confused one can become by striving for a materialistic interpretation of spiritual conditions in the world, how blind one can be to what is really true. The fact that such a premonition exists is truly no less proof of the reality of a world that lies behind the ordinary sensory world. The case is interesting, but it cannot be used to establish the relationship between the living and the dead. The dead must be sought out — if they are to be sought out and if it is permissible to do so — by means of a truly spiritual path. We will be considering these matters in greater detail in the near future, for I intend to discuss various chapters here on the question of the relationship between the living and the dead.

Now, I have presented to you this writing by Sir Oliver Lodge about Raymond Lodge's soul in order to show you the nature of the longing for the spiritual world that does exist, but which can be called a materialistic kind of longing. Oliver Lodge is a materialistic scholar. Even though he strives for the spiritual world, he wants to get to know the spiritual world in the same way as the physical or chemical world. Just as he researches the laws of chemistry in the laboratory, he also wants to have before his eyes what relates to the spiritual world. And he is completely alien to the path that we must recognize as the right one, the path that the soul takes inwardly toward the spiritual world, and which we have described so often, just as we have described what the soul first encounters in the present and what underlies the world of the physical senses in which we live. It is precisely in the efforts that strive toward the spiritual world in a materialistic way that we can recognize the entire materialistic character of our time. And if our movement is to have a meaning, that is, if it is to have the meaning that must follow for it from the necessary law of human development, then it must sharply emphasize the spiritual-inner, the truly spiritual, in contrast to this materialistic striving, that is, the absurd striving for the spiritual world.

And why must a completely different approach than the materialistic one, namely a purely spiritual approach, truly capture people's hearts in the present? We must consider this question in connection with a fact that we have often pointed out over the years and that must be particularly close to our hearts in these days of suffering and trial. We have pointed out how this twentieth century must bring the view of the etheric Christ to humanity. And as we have often said, just as Christ walked physically among human beings at a certain place on earth at the time of the Mystery of Golgotha, so will the etheric Christ walk among human beings throughout the earth in the twentieth century. And if salvation is not to be sinned against on earth, humanity must not pass by this event inattention; rather, it must have the necessary attention so that a sufficient number of people will be prepared to truly see the Christ who is coming and who must be seen.

Such an event does not come suddenly, just as the event of Golgotha did not come suddenly, but was prepared over a period of thirty-three years. And so the time is near when something, but now spiritual, will happen that will have a similar significance for humanity as the event of Golgotha had on the physical plane. Therefore, you will not find it unbelievable if you generally admit the fact mentioned above, when it is said that he is actually already there in the form in which he will be seen at the great moment of development in the twentieth century, that the great moment is preparing itself. You will not find it unbelievable when, in the face of the great moment, it is said: This moment is already preparing itself. Yes, one can say: As far as humanity seems to be removed in its present deeds from being imbued with the Christ Spirit on the physical plane, so close is Christ, who is coming, to the souls, if only they would open themselves. And the occultist can point out quite clearly how, since about 1909, what is to come has been preparing itself in a clearly perceptible way; that since 1909 we have been living inwardly in a very special time. And today it is possible, if one seeks it, to be very close to Christ, to find Christ in a completely different way than in earlier times.

One thing may strike you, which I must tell you, as simple as it may sound, out of a deep sense of time. Unfortunately, people do not usually form sufficiently thorough ideas about what has passed, especially what happened to human souls in earlier centuries. We no longer have any real idea of the powerful impression made in the first Christian centuries, albeit on a smaller circle than later, perhaps not by the Gospels known today, but by what is contained in the Gospels known today, of the infinitely powerful inner emotion of the soul. Yes, with the passing centuries, the impression made by the inner meaning of the Gospels really did become less and less. And today, if we do not give ourselves over to illusions, we can already say: The individual, if he has certain intuitions, certain powers of intuition, can penetrate through the words of the Gospels to a conception of what happened in the time of the Mystery of Golgotha; but the tremendous power of the words of the Gospels themselves has become less and less, and today, if one does not give in to illusions, it has only a weak effect in the widest circles of humanity. People no longer want to admit such a fact; but it would be good, because it is the truth, if they were willing to admit it. How is this possible?

Well, just as it is true that what pulsates through the Gospels is not earthly word, but cosmic word, heavenly word, has an incomparably greater inner power than anything else on earth, it is equally true that the form in which this word is recorded in the Gospels, from the time of the mystery of Golgotha, has become alien to people in their souls in this age. Just think about how infinitely difficult it is for you to understand the language, when you happen to come across it, in the state it was in four or five centuries ago. A translation does not convey what is really there. The Gospels in the form in which people have them today are not the original Gospels and do not have the original power. One can penetrate them through a certain intuition, as I said; but they do not have the same power. And Christ spoke the words that are to be deeply engraved in the human soul: “I am with you always, even unto the end of the world.” This is a truth, this is a reality. In various forms, in a form particularly close to the human soul, he will be there in the indicated time of the twentieth century.

Now, from what I have said, you can see that those who feel themselves to be occultists in these matters say: He is there! He is there in such a way that we know clearly that he now wants even more for his human children than he wanted in centuries past. Until now, the Gospels have spoken inwardly to people. They were meant to touch the souls. Therefore, it was possible to be content with faith and not progress to knowledge. That time is over; that time is behind us. Christ has something quite different in store for his human children. He intends that the kingdom of which he said, “My kingdom is not of this world,” should truly enter into those parts of the human being that are themselves not of this world, that are of another world. For in each of us there is a part of the human being that is not of this world. And the part of the human being that is not of this world must intensively seek the kingdom of which Christ said it was not of this world.

We are living in a time when this must be understood. And some of these things in human evolution are being announced precisely through the deepest contrasts. And in our time, too, something great and significant is heralded by contrast. For the time will come with the coming Christ, with the Christ who is present, when people will learn to question Christ not only for their souls, but for what they want to establish through their immortal part here on earth. Christ is not only a ruler of human beings, he is a brother to human beings who wants to be asked, especially in the coming times, about all the details of life. What human beings want to establish is being established today through contrast. Today, events seem to be taking place in which human beings seem to be furthest from asking Christ questions. We must ask ourselves: Who is asking what is happening today? What does Christ Jesus say about it? Who is asking? Some say that they are asking, but it would be blasphemous to believe that they are asking, that in the form in which they are asked today, the questions are really being asked of Christ. And yet, the time must come, it cannot be far off, when the human soul, in its immortal part, will ask Christ the question for what it wants to establish: Shall it happen, shall it not happen? — when the human soul sees Christ as its loving companion in the individual cases of life and receives not only comfort and strength from the Christ Being, but also information about what is to happen. The kingdom of Christ Jesus is not of this world, but it must work in this world, and human souls must become the instruments of the kingdom that is not of this world. From this point of view, we must look around and see how little the question is raised today that must be asked of Christ concerning individual deeds and events. But humanity must learn to question Christ.

How can this be done? It can only be done by learning his language. Those who understand the deeper meaning of what our spiritual science aims at do not see in it merely theoretical knowledge about all kinds of human problems, about the members of human nature, about reincarnation and karma, but they seek in it a very special language, a way of expressing spiritual things. And learning to speak inwardly with the spiritual world through spiritual science is much more important than acquiring theoretical ideas. For Christ is with us every day until the end of time. We should learn his language. And through the language — however abstract it may seem — through which we hear about Saturn, the Sun, the Moon, and the Earth, and on Earth about different periods and different times and various other mysteries of evolution, through this so-called teaching we teach ourselves a language into which we can pour the questions we ask of the spiritual world. And when we learn to speak inwardly in the language of this spiritual life, then, my dear friends, Christ will develop beside us and give us answers. This is something we should take up as an attitude from our spiritual scientific endeavors, as a feeling, as an emotion. Why do we concern ourselves with spiritual science? It is as if we were learning the vocabulary of the language through which we can approach Christ. And whoever strives to learn to think about the world as spiritual science strives to do, whoever strives to exert his mind so that, as spiritual science desires, he can look into the secrets of the world, the figure of Christ Jesus will emerge from the dark depths of the world's secrets and be the strong power in which he will live, standing brotherly at his side, so that he may be strong and powerful in heart and soul to meet the tasks of the future development of humanity. Let us therefore not seek merely as a doctrine, let us seek to acquire spiritual science as a language, and then wait until we find in this language the questions we may ask Christ. He will answer, yes, he will answer! And those who, out of the gray depths of the spirit that lie in the development of humanity at this time, hear the instruction that Christ wants to give to those who seek it in the very near future, will carry away abundant soul forces, soul strengthening, and soul impulses.