Man's Being, His Destiny and World Evolution
GA 226
17 May 1923, Oslo
2. Life between Death and a New Incarnation
Yesterday I tried to give you a picture of the states undergone by the human being after he passes through the portal of death and arrives in the spiritual world. Let us briefly summon before our soul the picture of the most essential stages. Immediately after passing through the portal of death, the human being first experiences the withdrawing of his ideational world. The ideas, the powers of thought, become objects, become something like active forces spreading out into the universe. Thus man feels at first the withdrawal from him of all the experiences he has consciously undergone during his earth-life between birth and death. But whereas earth-life, as experienced through thinking, withdraws from the human being and goes out into the vast cosmos (a process that occurs a few days after death [See: Rudolf Steiner, Theosophy, Anthroposophic Press, New York.]), man's inner depths send forth a consciousness of all that he has undergone unconsciously during earth-life while asleep. This stage takes shape in such a way that he goes backward and recapitulates his earth-life in a period of one third of its actual duration.
During this time, the human being is intensely wrapt up in his own self. It might be said that he is still intensely connected with his own earthly affairs. He is thoroughly interwoven with what he passed through, while asleep, during the successive nights of his earthly life.
You will realize that the human being, while continuously occupied with his nightly experiences, must necessarily be led back to his self. Just consider the dreams, the only element in man's earth-life that surges up from the sleeping state. These dreams are the least part of his experiences while asleep. Everything else, however, remains unconscious. Only the dreams surge up into consciousness. Yet it could be said that the dreams, be they ever so interesting, ever so manifold, ever so rich in many-hued colors, represent something that restricts the human being completely to his own self. If a number of persons sleep in the same room, each of them has, nevertheless, his own dream world. And, when they tell their dreams to one another, these persons will speak of things that seem to have happened in entirely different worlds. For in sleep, each person is alone within himself. And only by inserting our will into our organism do we occupy the same world situated in the same space as is occupied by others. If we were always asleep, each of us would live in a world of his own.
But this world of our own which we pass through every night between falling asleep and awaking is the world we pass through in reverse, after death, during a period encompassing one third of our life-span.
If people possessed nothing but this world, they would be occupied for two or three decades after death (if they die at an old age) exclusively with themselves. This, however, is not the case. What we experience as our own affairs nevertheless connects us with the whole world. For the world through which each of us passes by himself is interwoven with relations to all those human beings with whom we were associated in life.
This interweaving of relations is caused by the fact that, when looking down from the soul world on the earthly experiences of those persons with whom we were associated in some way, we experience together with them what occurs on earth. Hence anyone willing to try may perceive, if he acquaints himself with spiritual-scientific methods, [See: Rudolf Steiner, Knowledge of the Higher Worlds and Its Attainment, Anthroposophic Press, New York.] how the dead, immediately after their transition, are helped to participate intensively in earthly events by those of their former companions who are still alive. And so we find that the dead, in the measure in which they shared this or that interest with others, underwent common destinies with others, remain connected with all these earthly interests; are still interested in earthly events. And, being no longer hindered by the physical body, they judge earthly events much more lucidly and sagaciously than men who are still alive. By attaining a conscious relation to the dead, we are enabled to gain, by means of their judgment, an extraordinary lucidity concerning earthly events.
Furthermore, something else must be considered. We can see that certain things existing within earthly relations will be preserved in the spiritual world. Thus an eternal element is intermingled, as it were, with our terrestrial experiences.
Descriptions of the spiritual world often sound almost absurd. Nonetheless, since I am addressing myself presumably to anthroposophists of long standing, I may venture to speak frankly of these matters. In looking for a way to communicate with the dead, it is even possible to use earthly words: ask questions, and receive answers. And now a peculiar fact is to be noticed: The ability lost first by the dead is that of using nouns; whereas verbs are retained by them for a long time. Their favorite forms of expression, however, are exclamatory words; all that is connected with emotion and heart. An Oh!, an Ah!, as expressions of amazement, of surprise, and so forth, are often used by the dead in their language. We must, as it were, first learn the language of the dead.
These things are not at all as the spiritists imagine. These people believe that they can communicate with the dead, by means of a medium, in ordinary earthly language. The character of these communications immediately indicates that we are concerned here with subconscious states of living persons, and not with actual, direct utterances of the dead transmitted through a medium. For the dead outgrow ordinary human language by degrees. After the passing of several years, we can communicate with the dead only by acquiring their language—which can best be done by suggesting, through simple symbolic drawings, what we want to express. Then the answers will be given by means of similar symbolic forms necessarily received by us in shadowy outlines.
All this is described by me for the purpose of indicating that the dead, although dwelling in an element akin to sleep, yet have a vast range of interests and sweep the whole world with their glance. And we ourselves can greatly assist them. This may be done by thinking of the dead as vividly as possible; especially by sending thoughts to them which bring to life, in the most striking way, what we experienced in their company. Abstract concepts are not understood by the dead. Hence I must send out such thoughts as the following: Here is the road between Kristiania and a near-by place. Here we two walked together. The other person, who is now dead, walked at my side. I can still hear him speaking. I hear the sound of his voice. I try to recall how he moved his arms, how he moved his head.—By visualizing, as vividly as possible, what we experienced together with the dead; by sending out our thoughts to the dead whom we conjure up before our soul in a familiar image, we can make these thoughts, as it were, soar or stream towards the dead. Thus we provide the dead with something like a window, through which they can look at the world. Not only the thought sent by us to the dead comes forth within them, but a whole world. They can gaze at our world as if through a window.
Conversely, the dead can experience their present spiritual environment only to the degree in which they formerly reflected, as much as earthly men are capable of doing, on the spiritual world.
You know how many people are saying now-a-days: Why should I worry about life after death? We might as well wait. Once we are dead, we shall see what is going to happen.—This thought, however, is completely misleading. People who have not reflected, while still alive, on the spiritual world, who have lived in a purely materialistic way, will see absolutely nothing after death.
Here I have outlined to you how the dead are living during the period in which—commensurate with their experiences in the sleeping state—they pass through their life in reverse. The human being who has now discarded his physical and etheric body, feels himself to be at this time in the realm of spiritual moon forces. We must realize that all the world organisms—moon, sun and stars—inasmuch as they are visible to physical eyes, actually represent only physical formations of a spiritual element.
Just as the single man, who is sitting here on a chair, consists not only of flesh and blood (which can be regarded as matter), but also of soul and spirit, so the whole universe, the whole cosmos, is indwelled by soul and spirit. And not only one unified spiritual entity dwells therein, but many, innumerably many spiritual entities dwell therein. Thus numerous spiritual entities are connected with the moon, which is seen only externally as a silver disk by our physical eye. We are in the realm of these entities while retracing our earth-life, as has been described, until we arrive again at the starting point. Thus it might be said: Until then we dwell in the realm of the moon.
While we are in the midst of this going backward, our whole life becomes intermingled with certain things, which are brought to an approximate conclusion after we have left the moon realm.
Immediately after the etheric body has been discarded by us in the wake of death, a moral judgment on our worth as human beings emerges from the nightly experiences. Then we cannot do otherwise than judge, in a moral sense, the events through which we pass in reverse. And it is very strange how things develop from this point.
Here on earth we carry a body made of bones, muscles, arteries, and so forth. Then, after death, we acquire a spiritual body, formed out of our moral qualities. A good man acquires a moral body radiating with beauty; a depraved man a moral body radiating with evil. This is formed while we are living backward. Our spirit-body, however, is only partly formed out of that which is now joined to us. Whereas one part of the spirit-body received by us in the spiritual world is formed out of our moral qualities, the other part is simply put on us as a garment woven from the substances of the spiritual world.
Now, after finishing our reverse course and arriving again at the starting-point, we must find the transition to which I alluded in my Theosophy as the transition from the soul world into the spirit realm. This is connected with the necessity of leaving the moon sphere and entering the sun sphere of the cosmos. We become gradually acquainted with the all-encompassing entities dwelling, in the form of spirit and soul, within the sun sphere. This we must enter. In the next few days, I shall discuss to what degree the Christ plays a leading role in helping the human being to make this transition from the moon sphere to the sun sphere. (This role is different after the Mystery of Golgotha from the role He played before the Mystery of Golgotha.) Today we shall describe the passage through this world in a more objective way.—What ensues at this point is the necessity of depositing in the moon sphere all that was woven for us, as it were, out of our moral qualities. This represents something like a small package, which we must deposit in the moon sphere in order that we may enter, as purely spiritual beings, into the pure sun sphere. Then we see the sun in its real aspect: not from the side turned towards earth but from the reverse side, where it is completely filled with spiritual entities; where we can fully see that it is a spiritual realm.
It is here that we give as nourishment to the universe everything that does not belong to our moral qualities, but which has been granted to us by the gods in the form of earthly experiences. We give to the universe whatever it can use for maintaining the world's course. These things are actually true. If I compared the universe to a machine—you know that I do this merely in a pictorial sense, for I am certainly not inclined to designate the universe a machine—then everything brought by us into the sun sphere after depositing our small package in the moon sphere would be something like fuel, apportioned by us to the cosmos as fuel is apportioned to a machine.
Thus we enter the realm of the spiritual world. For it does not matter whether we call our new abode the sun sphere, in its spiritual aspect, or the spiritual world.
Here we dwell as a spirit among spirits, just as we dwelled on earth as a physical man among the entities of the various natural kingdoms. Now we dwell among those entities which I described and named in my Occult Science; and we also dwell among those souls which have died before us, or are still awaiting their coming earth-life. For we are dwelling as a spirit among spirits.
These spiritual entities may belong to the higher Hierarchies or be incorporeal men dwelling in the spiritual world. And now the question arises: What is our next stage?
Here on earth we stand at a certain point of the physical universe. Looking around in every direction, we see what lies outside the human being. That which lies inside him we are utterly unable to see.
Now you will say: What you tell us is foolish. It may be granted that ordinary people cannot see man's inside; but the learned anatomists, who cut up dead people in hospitals, are certainly familiar with it.—They are not familiar with it in the least! For what can be learned about a man in this way is only something external. After all, if we regard a human being merely from the outside, it does not matter whether we investigate his outer skin or his insides. What lies inside the human skin is not that which anatomists discover in an external way, but what lies inside the human skin are whole worlds. In the human lung, for instance, in every human organ, whole universes are compressed to miniature forms.
We see marvelous sights when admiring a beautiful landscape; marvelous sights when admiring at night the starry sky in all its splendor. Yet if viewing a human lung, a human liver, not with the anatomist's physical eye, but with the eye of the spirit, we see whole worlds compressed into a small space. Apart from the splendor and glory of all the rivers and mountains on the surface of the earth, a still more exalted splendor adorns what lies inside of man's skin, even in its merely physical aspect. It is irrelevant that all this is of smaller scale than the seemingly vast world of space. If you survey what lies in a single pulmonary vesicle, it will appear as more grandiose than the whole range of the mighty Alps. For what lies inside of man is the whole spiritual cosmos in condensed form. In man's inner organism we have an image of the entire cosmos.
We can visualize these things also in a somewhat different way. Imagine that you are thirty years old and, looking into yourself with a glance of the soul, remember something which you experienced between your tenth and twentieth year. Here the outer event has been transformed into an inner soul-image. In a single moment, you may survey widely spread experiences undergone by you in the course of years. A world has been woven into an ideational image. Only think of what you experience when brief memory-images of widely spread events passed through by you come forth in your soul-life. Here you have the soul-essence of what you experienced on earth. Now, if viewing your brain, the inside of your eye—the inside of the eye alone represents a whole world—your lung, your other organs in the same way as your memory-images; then these organs are not images of events passed through by you but images—even if appearing in material form—of the whole spiritual cosmos.
Let us suppose that man could solve the riddle of what is contained in his brain, in the inside of his eye, in the inside of his lung; just as he can solve the riddle of the memories contained in his soul-life. Then the whole spiritual cosmos would be opened up to him; just as a series of events undergone in life are opened up to man by a single memory-image. As human beings, we incorporate the whole memory of the world. If you consider these things in the right way, you will understand the following: The human being, who has undergone after death all the states described by me previously, now becomes manifest to the vision of man himself. The human being is a spirit among spirits. Yet, what he sees now as his world is the marvel of the human organism itself in the form of the universe, the whole cosmos. Just as mountains, rivers, stars, and clouds form our surroundings here on earth; so, when dwelling as spirit among spirits, we find our surroundings, our world, in man's wonderful organism. We look around in the spiritual world; we look—if I may express myself pictorially—to the right and to the left: as here we found rocks, river, mountains on all sides, so there above we find the human being, MAN, on all sides. Man is the world. And we are working for this world which is fundamentally man. Just as, on earth, we build machines, keep books, sew clothes, make shoes, or write books, thus weaving together what is called the content of civilization, of culture, so above, together with the spirits of the higher Hierarchies and incorporeal human beings, we weave the woof and weft of mankind. We weave mankind out of the cosmos. Here on earth we appear as finished products. There we lay down the spiritual germ of earthly man.
This is the great mystery: that man's heavenly occupation consists in weaving, in cooperation with the spirits of the higher Hierarchies, the great spiritual germ of the future terrestrial human being. Inside the spiritual cosmos, all of us are weaving, in magnificent spiritual grandeur, the woof and weft of our own earthly existence, which will be attained by us after descending again into earthly life. Our work, performed in cooperation with the gods, is the fashioning of the earthly human being.
When we speak of germs here on earth, we think of something small which becomes big. If we speak, however, of the germ of the physical human being as it exists in the spiritual world—for the physical germ maturing in the mother's body is only an image of the spiritual germ—we must think of it as immense, enormous. It is a universe; and all other human beings are interlinked with this universe. It might be said: all human beings are in the same “place,” yet numerically differentiated. And then the spiritual germ diminishes more and more. What we undergo in the time between death and a new birth is the experience of fashioning a spiritual germ, as large as the universe, of our coming earthly existence. Then this spiritual germ begins to shrink. More and more its essence becomes convoluted. Finally it produces its own image in the mother's body.
Materialistic physiology has entirely wrong conceptions of these things. It assumes that man, whose marvelous form I have tried to sketch for you, came forth from a merely physical human germ. This science considers the ovum to be a highly complicated matter; and physiological chemists investigate the fact that molecules or atoms, becoming more and more complicated, produce the germ, the most complicated phenomenon of all.
All this, however, is not true. In reality, the ovum consists of chaotic matter. Matter, when transformed into a germ, is dissolved; it becomes completely pulverized. The nature of the physical germ, and the human germ particularly, is characterized by being composed of completely pulverized matter, which wants nothing for itself.
Because this matter is completely pulverized and wants nothing for itself, it enables the spiritual germ, which has been prepared for a long time, to enter into it. And this pulverization of the physical germ is brought about by conception. Physical matter is completely destroyed in order that the spiritual germ may be sunk into it and make the physical matter into an image of the spiritual germ woven out of the cosmos.
It is doubtless justified to sing the praises of all that human beings are doing for civilization, for culture, on earth. Far from condemning this singing of praises, I declare myself, once and for all, in favor of it when it is done in a reasonable way. But a much more encompassing, a much more exalted, a much more magnificent work than all earthly cultural activity is performed by heavenly civilization, as it might be called, between death and a new birth: the spiritual preparation, the spiritual weaving of the human body. For nothing more exalted exists in the world order than the weaving of the human being out of the world's ingredients. With the help of the gods, the human being is woven during the important period between death and a new birth.
If yesterday I had to say that, in a certain sense, all the experience and knowledge acquired by us on earth provide nourishment for the cosmos, it must be said again today: After offering to the cosmos, as nourishment or fuel, all the earthly experiences that could be of use to it, we receive, from the fullness of the cosmos, all the substances out of which we are able to weave again the new human being into whom we shall enter at a later time.
The human being, now devoting himself wholly to a spiritual world, lives as a spirit. His entire weaving and being is spiritual work, spiritual essence. This stage lasts for a long time. For it must be repeated again and again: to weave something like the human being is a mighty and grandiose task. Not without justification did the ancient Mysteries call the human physical body a temple. The greater the insight we gain into the science of initiation, into what takes place between death and a new birth, the deeper do we feel the significance of this word. Our life between death and a new birth is of such a nature that we, as spiritual beings, become directly aware of other spiritual beings. This condition lasts for some time. Then a new stage sets in.
What took place previously was of such a nature that the single spiritual beings could really be viewed as individualities. The spiritual beings with whom one worked were met face to face, as it were. At a later stage, however, these spiritual entities—to express it pictorially, because such things can be suggested only in images—become less and less distinct, finally being merged into an aggregation of spirits. This can be expressed in the following way: A certain period between death and a new birth is spent in immediate proximity to spiritual beings. Then comes a time when one experiences only the revelation of these spiritual beings; when they become manifest to us as a whole. I want to use a very trivial metaphor. On seeing what seems to be a tiny gray cloud in the distance, you would be sure that this was just a tiny gray cloud. But, by coming closer, you would recognize it to be a swarm of flies. Now you can see each single fly. In the case of the spiritual beings, the opposite took place. First you behold the divine-spiritual beings, with whom you are working, as single individualities. Then, after living with them more intensively, you behold their general spiritual atmosphere, just as you beheld the swarm of flies in the shape of a cloud. Here, where the single individualities disappear more and more, you live—I might say—in pantheistic fashion in the midst of a general spiritual world.
Although we live now in a general spiritual world, we feel arising out of our inner depth a stronger sense of self-consciousness than we experienced before. Formerly your self was constituted in such a way that you seemed to be at one with the spiritual world, which you experienced by means of its individualities. Now you perceive the spiritual world only as a general spiritual atmosphere. Your own self-consciousness, however, is perceived in greater degree. It awakens with heightened intensity. And thus, slowly and gradually, the desire of returning to earth again arises in the human being. This desire must be described in the following way:
During the entire period which I have described and which lasts for centuries, the human being—except in the first stage when he was still connected with the earth and returned to his starting point—is fundamentally interested in nothing but the spiritual world. He weaves, in the large scale that I have described, the fabric of mankind.
At the moment when the individualities of the spiritual world are merged together, as it were, and man perceives the spiritual world in a general way, there arises in him a renewed interest in earth-life. This interest for earth-life appears in a certain specialized manner, in a certain concrete manner. The human beings begin to be interested in definite persons living below on earth, and again in their children, and again in their children's children. Whereas the human beings were formerly interested only in heavenly events, they now become, after beholding the spiritual world as a revelation, strangely interested in certain successive generations. These are the generations leading to our own parents, who will bear us on our return to earth. Yet we are interested, a long time before, in our parents' ancestors. We follow the line of generations until reaching our parents. Not only do we follow each generation as it passes through time; but—once the spiritual world has been manifested to us as a revelation—we also foresee, as if prophetically, the whole span of generations. Across the succession of great-great-great-grandfathers, great-great-grandfathers, great-grandfathers, grandfathers, and so forth, we can foresee the path on which we shall descend again to earth. Having first grown into the cosmos, we grow later into real, concrete human history. And thus comes the moment when we gradually (in regard to our consciousness) leave the sun sphere.
Of course, we still remain within the sun sphere; but the distinct, clear, conscious relation to it becomes dim and we are drawn back into the moon sphere. And here, in the moon sphere, we find the “small package” deposited by us (I can describe it only by means of this image); we find again what represents the worth of our moral qualities. And this package must be retrieved.
It will be seen in the course of the next days what a significant part is played in this connection by the Christ-impulse. We must embody within us this package of destiny. But while embodying within us the package of destiny and entering the moon sphere, while gaining a stronger and stronger feeling of self-consciousness and transforming ourselves inwardly more and more into soul-beings, we gradually lose the tissue woven by us out of our physical body. The spiritual germ woven by ourselves is lost at the moment when the physical germ, which we shall have to assume on earth, is engendered through the act of conception.
The spiritual germ of the physical body has already descended to earth; whereas we still dwell in the spiritual world. And now a vehement feeling of bereavement sets in. We have lost the spiritual germ of the physical body. This has already arrived below and united itself with the last of those successive generations which we have watched. We ourselves, however, are still above. The feeling of bereavement becomes violent. And now this feeling of bereavement draws out of the universe the needful ingredients of the world-ether. Having sent the spiritual germ of the physical body down to earth and remained behind as a soul (ego and astral body), we draw etheric substance out of the world-ether and form our own etheric body. And to this etheric body, formed by ourselves, is joined—approximately three weeks after the fecundation has taken place on earth—the physical germ which formed itself out of the spiritual germ, as I have previously described.
It was said that we form our etheric body before uniting ourselves with our own physical germ. And into this etheric body is woven the small package containing our moral worth. We weave this package into our ego, our astral body, and also into our etheric body. Thus it is joined to the physical body. In this way, we bring our karma down to earth. First, it was left behind in the moon sphere; for, had we taken it with us into the sun sphere, we would have formed a diseased, a disfigured physical body.
The human physical body acquires individuality only through the circumstance of its being permeated by the etheric body. Otherwise, all physical bodies would be exactly alike; for human beings, while dwelling in the spiritual world, weave identical spiritual germs for their physical body. We become individualities only by means of our karma, by means of the small package interwoven by us with our etheric body which shapes, constitutes and pervades our physical body already during the embryonic stage.
Of course, I shall have to enlarge during the next days on this sketch concerning the human being's transition between death and a new birth. Yet you will have realized what a wealth of experiences is undergone by us: the great experience of how we are first merged into the cosmos and then, out of the cosmos, again are shaped in order to attain a new human earth-life.
Fundamentally, we pass through three stages. First, we dwell as spirit-soul among spirit-souls. This is a genuine experiencing of the spiritual world. Secondly, we are given a revelation of the spiritual world. The individualities of the single spiritual entities become blurred as it were. The spiritual world is revealed to us as a whole. Now we approach again the moon sphere. Within ourselves the feeling of self-consciousness awakens; this is a preparation for earthly self-consciousness. Whereas we did not desire earth-life while being conscious of our spiritual self within the spiritual world, we now begin, during the period of revelation, to desire earth-life and develop a vigorous self-consciousness directed towards the earth.
In the third stage, we enter the moon sphere; and, having yielded our spiritual germ to the physical world, draw together out of all the heaven worlds the etheric substance needed for our own etheric body. Three successive stages: A genuine life within the spiritual world; a life amidst the revelations of the spiritual world, in which we feel ourselves already as an egoistic self; a life devoted to the drawing together of the world ether.
The counterparts of these stages are produced after the human being has moved again into his physical body. These counterparts are of a most surprising nature. We see the child. We see it before us in its physical body. The child develops. This development of the child is the most wonderful thing to behold in the physical world. We see how it first crawls, and then assumes a state of balance with regard to the world. We observe how the child learns to walk. Immeasurably great things are connected with this learning to walk. It represents an entrance of the child's whole being into the state of equilibrium of the world. It represents a genuine orientation of the whole cosmos towards the world's three spatial dimensions. And the child's wonderful achievement consists in the fact that it finds the correct human state of equilibrium within the world.
These things are a modest, terrestrial counterpart of all that the human being, while dwelling as a spirit among spirits, underwent in the course of long centuries. We feel great reverence for the world if we look at it in such wise that we observe a child: how it first kicks its limbs awkwardly in every direction, then gradually learns to control itself. This is the aftereffect of the movements which we executed, during centuries, as a spiritual being among spiritual beings. It is really wonderful to discover in the child's single movements, in its search for a state of equilibrium, the terrestrial after-effects of those heavenly movements executed, in a purely spiritual sense, as spirit among spirits.
Every child—unless some abnormal condition changes the sequence—should first learn to walk (attain a state of equilibrium) and then learn to speak.
Now again the child, by an imitative process, adjusts itself through the use of language to its environment. But in every sound, every word formation shaping itself in the child, we find a modest, terrestrial echo of the experience undergone by us when our knowledge of the spiritual world becomes revelation; when this knowledge is compressed, as it were, into a uniform haze. Then the World Logos is formed out of the world's single being, which we experienced previously in an individualized way. And when the child utters one word after the other, this is the audible terrestrial counterpart of a marvelous world tableau experienced by us during the time of revelation, before we return again to the moon sphere.
And when the child, having learned to walk and speak, gradually develops its thoughts—for learning to think should be the third step in a normal human development—this is a counterpart of the work performed by man while forming his own etheric body out of the world ether gathered from every part of the universe.
Thus, in looking at the child as it enters the world, we see in the three modest faculties needed to gain a dynamic static relationship to the world—learning to maintain equilibrium (what we call learning to walk), learning to speak, learning to think—the compressed, modest, terrestrial counterparts of that which, spread out into grandiose cosmic dimensions, represents the stages passed through by us between death and a new birth.
Only by gaining a knowledge of the spiritual life between death and a new birth, do we gain a knowledge of the mystery coming forth from man's innermost depth when the child, having been born in a uniform state, becomes increasingly differentiated. Hence, by pointing to every single being as a revelation of the divine, we learn to understand the world as a revelation of the divine.
Zweiter Vortrag
Gestern habe ich versucht, ein Bild von den Zuständen zu geben, die der Mensch durchlebt, indem er durch die Pforte des Todes durchgeht und in der geistigen Welt ankommt. Wir wollen uns noch einmal kurz die wesentlichsten Etappen vor die Seele rufen. Zunächst erlebt der Mensch, nachdem er unmittelbar durch die Pforte des Todes hindurchgegangen ist, das Fortgehen seiner Vorstellungswelt. Die Vorstellungen, die Denkkräfte, werden gegenständlich, werden wie wirksame Kräfte, die in die Welt hinaus sich verbreiten, so daß der Mensch von sich fortgehen fühlt zunächst alles dasjenige, was er an Erlebnissen bewußt durchgemacht hat im Erdenleben zwischen Geburt und Tod. Aber während - und das ist etwas, was in wenigen Tagen verläuft — das gedankenmäßig erlebte Erdenleben sich vom Menschen in den weiten Kosmos hinaus entfernt, erhebt sich aus dem Inneren heraus ein Bewußtsein von alledem, was der Mensch in den Schlafzuständen während des Erdenlebens unbewußt durchgemacht hat. Und das gestaltet sich so, daß der Mensch nunmehr zurückgehend in einem Drittel der Zeit sein Erdenleben erlebt.
Während dieser Zeit ist der Mensch eigentlich sehr stark mit sich selbst beschäftigt. Man könnte sagen: Der Mensch hängt während dieser Zeit durchaus noch intensiv mit seinen eigenen Angelegenheiten des Erdenlebens zusammen. Er ist ganz verwoben mit demjenigen, was er, sagen wir während der verschiedenen Nächte, also in seinen Schlafzuständen durchgemacht hat.
Sie können ermessen, wie da der Mensch, da er eigentlich immer seine nächtlichen Erlebnisse durchmacht, auf sich selbst zurückgewiesen ist. Beachten Sie nur das einzige, was während des Erdenlebens aus den Schlafzuständen heraufspielt, die Träume. Diese Träume sind das allerwenigste von dem, was der Mensch im Schlafe erlebt. Aber das andere bleibt eben unbewußt. Die Träume nur spielen bewußt herauf. Aber diese Träume, so interessant, so mannigfaltig, von so buntem Farbenreichtum sie auch sind, man muß doch sagen, sie stellen etwas dar, womit der Mensch ganz allein auf sich angewiesen ist. Denken Sie nur einmal, wenn eine Anzahl von Menschen in demselben Raume schläft, so kann doch jeder seine eigenen Träume haben. Und wenn die Menschen dann sich ihre Träume erzählen, Menschen, die in demselben Raume geschlafen haben, so werden sie sich etwas erzählen, wie wenn sie in ganz verschiedenen Welten gewesen wären. Der Mensch ist während des Schlafes ganz mit sich allein; er hat seine eigene Welt im Schlafe. Und erst dadurch, daß wir unseren Willen in unseren Organismus einschalten, haben wir dieselbe Welt in demselben Raum mit den andern Menschen zusammen. Würden wir immer schlafen, so hätten wir jeder unsere eigene Welt.
Aber diese eigene Welt, die wir jede Nacht zwischen dem Einschlafen und Aufwachen durchleben, ist die Welt, die wir in einer Zeit, die ein Drittel unseres Lebenslaufes umfaßt, rückwärts in den Jahren nach dem Tode durchleben. Allerdings, wenn wir nichts weiter hätten als diese Welt, so wären wir durch zwei oder drei Jahrzehnte, wenn wir alte Leute geworden sind, nach dem Tode ganz allein mit uns selbst beschäftigt. Das ist aber nicht der Fall. Wir hängen durch dasjenige, was wir da als unsere eigenen Angelegenheiten durchmachen, doch mit der ganzen Welt zusammen, weil in diese Welt, die wir jeder für sich durchmachen, die Verhältnisse zu ja zahlreichen andern Menschen hereinspielen, zu all denjenigen Menschen, mit denen wir im Leben irgendwie zusammengekommen sind.
Und so kommt es, weil wir von diesem Zustande in der Seelenwelt nach dem Tode herunterschauen auch auf alles dasjenige, was Menschen hier auf Erden durchleben, mit denen wir irgendwie in Beziehung gestanden haben, daß wir mit ihnen durchleben dasjenige, was sich auf der Erdenwelt abspielt. Man kann daher, wenn man versucht, mit den Mitteln, welche die Geisteswissenschaft nach dieser Richtung zur Verfügung stellt, an Verstorbene heranzukommen - das kann man -, schon durchaus wahrnehmen, wie diese Verstorbenen gleich vom Anfange ihres Todeserlebnisses an intensiv durch die andern Menschen, mit denen sie hier auf Erden gelebt haben und die noch auf Erden da sind, alle Erdenereignisse doch miterleben können. Und so kann man finden, daß Menschen, je nachdem sie diese oder jene Interessen gehabt haben, die sie mit Menschen gemeinsam besprochen haben, die sie mit Menschen gemeinsam in einem Schicksal durchlebt haben, mit all diesen Erdeninteressen verbunden bleiben, sich interessieren für diese Erdeninteressen, ja sogar, weil der physische Leib kein Hindernis mehr bildet, über diese Erdenerlebnisse ein viel lichtvolleres Urteil haben als die Erdenmenschen. Und man kann schon dadurch, daß man ein Verhältnis gewinnt, ein bewußtes Verhältnis zu den Toten, aus dem Urteile der Toten auch über Erdenverhältnisse außerordentlich viel Lichtvolles gewinnen.
Aber noch etwas anderes kommt dabei in Betracht. Man kann sehen, wie innerhalb der Erdenverhältnisse doch wieder gewisse Dinge da sind, die sich in die geistige Welt hinein erhalten, wie also in unsere irdischen Erlebnisse gewissermaßen ein Ewiges hineingemischt ist. Es klingt fast, ich möchte sagen absonderlich, wenn man Schilderungen von dieser Welt gibt. Allein, ich denke, hier spreche ich zumeist zu langjährigen Anthroposophen, und ich darf daher über diese Dinge unbefangen sprechen. Heute noch diese Dinge etwa in der Öffentlichkeit zu besprechen, wäre natürlich ganz deplaciert. Man kann, wenn man die Wege aufsucht, um sich mit Toten zu verständigen, sogar die Möglichkeit finden, in Erdenworten sich mit den Toten zu verständigen, Fragen an sie zu stellen, Antworten zu bekommen. Da zeigt sich das Eigentümliche, daß die Toten zuerst die Fähigkeit verlieren, Substantive in ihrer Sprache zu gebrauchen, während die Verben noch lange im Gebrauche der Toten sind. Und insbesondere sprechen sich die Toten gern durch Empfindungsworte aus, durch all dasjenige, was mit dem Gefühl und dem Gemüte zusammenhängt. Ein Ach!, ein Oh! als Ausdruck der Verwunderung, als Ausdruck des Überraschtseins und dergleichen, ist dasjenige, was vielfach von den Toten in ihrer Sprache geübt wird. Man muß gewissermaßen auch die Sprache der Toten erst erlernen.
Wie sich die Spiritisten das vorstellen, ist das nicht, denn die stellen sich vor, daß sie durch das Medium in der ganz gewöhnlichen irdischen Sprache von den Toten Mitteilungen bekommen können. Man kann es schon der Art ansehen, wie diese Mitteilungen sind, daß es sich da um unterbewußte Zustände der Lebenden handelt, nicht um wirkliche direkte Mitteilungen der Toten bei den Medien. Denn aus der gewöhnlichen Menschensprache wachsen die Toten immer mehr und mehr heraus, und nach Jahren kann man sich mit den Toten überhaupt nurmehr verständigen, wenn man gewissermaßen ihre Sprache sich angeeignet hat, die zumeist darinnen liegt, daß man in einfachen symbolischen Zeichnungen dasjenige andeutet, was man ausdrücken will, und dann auch wiederum in solchen symbolischen Formen, die man natürlich schattenhaft erhält, die Antwort bekommt.
Ich schildere Ihnen dies aus dem Grunde, weil ich Ihnen dadurch andeuten will, daß der Tote, trotzdem er eigentlich in dem Elemente lebt, welches dasjenige des Schlafes ist, trotzdem weite Interessen hat und die Welt schon überschaut. Aber wir können ihm dabei außerordentlich zu Hilfe kommen. Und es ist zum Beispiel ein wesentliches Zuhilfekommen den Toten gegenüber, wenn wir in aller Lebendigkeit an sie denken, wenn wir namentlich solche Gedanken den Toten schicken, welche in einer recht anschaulichen Form dasjenige darstellen, was wir mit den Toten erlebt haben. Abstrakte Vorstellungen verstehen die Toten nicht. Wenn ich aber den Gedanken fasse: Da war die Straße zwischen Kristiania und einem Nachbarort; da gingen wir. Der andere Mensch, der jetzt gestorben ist, der ging neben mir. Ich höre noch heute, wie er dazumal sprach. Den Klang seiner Stimme höre ich. Ich versuche mir zu vergegenwärtigen, was er für Bewegungen mit den Armen machte, was er für Bewegungen mit dem Kopfe machte. - Wenn man sich das so ganz gegenständlich lebhaft vorstellt, was man mit dem Toten zusammen erlebt hat, und dann diese Gedanken zu dem Toten hinschickt, den man sich in einem geläufigen Bilde vor die Seele rückt, dann schwebt oder strömt gewissermaßen ein solcher Gedanke zu dem Toten hin. Und der Tote empfindet das wie ein Fenster, durch das er in die Welt hereinblickt. Dem Toten geht nicht nur das, was wir an ihn als Gedanken richten, dabei auf, sondern eine ganze Welt geht ihm dabei auf. Es ist wie ein Fenster, durch das er in unsere Welt hereinblickt.
Dagegen dasjenige, was in seiner geistigen Umgebung nunmehr liegt, das kann der Tote nur in dem Maße erleben, als er sich schon hier die dem Menschen auf Erden möglichen Gedanken über die geistige Welt gemacht hat. Es gibt so viele Menschen heute, die sagen: Ach, was brauchen wir uns um das Leben nach dem Tode zu kümmern. Wir können es ja abwarten. Wenn wir gestorben sind, werden wir schon sehen, was es da gibt nach dem Tode. - Aber das ist ein ganz unmöglicher Gedanke. Man sieht einfach nichts nach dem Tode, wenn man sich gar keine Gedanken über die geistige Welt im Leben gemacht hat, wenn man bloß materialistisch dahingelebt hat.
Damit habe ich Ihnen angedeutet, wie der Tote in der Zeit lebt, in der er rückwärts sein Leben nach Maßnahme dessen durchlebt, was er immer in den Schlafzuständen durchgemacht hat. In dieser Zeit fühlt sich der Mensch, der also jetzt seinen physischen, seinen Ätherleib verlassen hat, im Bereiche der geistigen Mondenkräfte. Wir müssen uns klar sein, daß alles dasjenige, was Weltenkörper sind, Mond, Sonne, andere Sterne, insofern sie den physischen Augen erscheinen, wirklich nur die physische Ausgestaltung von Geistigem sind.
Wie der einzelne Mensch, der jetzt hier auf dem Stuhle sitzt, nicht bloß das Fleisch und das Blut ist, das wir als Stoff ansehen können, sondern Seele und Geist ist, so lebt im ganzen Weltenall, im ganzen Kosmos überall Seele und Geist, und zwar nicht etwa bloß ein einheitliches seelisch-geistiges Wesen, sondern viele, unendlich viele geistige Wesenheiten. Und so sind mit dem Monde verknüpft, den wir nur äußerlich mit dem physischen Auge als die silberne Scheibe sehen, zahlreiche geistige Wesenheiten. In deren Bereich sind wir, solange wir in der geschilderten Weise unser Erdenleben zurückleben, bis wir wiederum an seinen Ausgangspunkt zurückgekommen sind. Man kann daher sagen, so lange sind wir im Mondenbereiche.
Während wir also in diesem Rückwärtsleben sind, mischt sich allerdings in unser ganzes Leben etwas, was dann einen gewissen Abschluß erlangt, wenn wir aus dem Mondenbereich nach dem Tode hinauskommen. Sogleich, nachdem wir den Ätherleib wenige Tage nach dem Tode in der geschilderten Weise abgestreift haben, macht sich aus diesen nächtlichen Erlebnissen heraus die moralische Beurteilung unseres Menschenwertes geltend. Wir können dann gar nicht anders, als dasjenige, was wir da wiederum zurückleben, moralisch zu beurteilen. Und das ist sehr eigentümlich, wie sich die Dinge nun gestalten.
Hier auf Erden tragen wir einen Leib aus Knochen, aus Muskeln, aus Blutgefäßen und so weiter. Dann, nach dem Tode, bildet sich ein geistiger Leib, der aus unseren moralischen Werten gebildet ist. Ein guter Mensch bekommt einen schönleuchtenden moralischen Leib, ein schlechter einen übelleuchtenden moralischen Leib. Das bildet sich während dieses Rückganges. Und das ist eigentlich nur ein Teil desjenigen, was sich uns angliedert, was jetzt unser - wenn ich mich so ausdrücken darf - Geistleib wird, denn ein Teil dessen, was wir jetzt in der geistigen Welt als einen Geistleib erhalten, bildet sich aus unseren moralischen Werten, ein anderer wird uns einfach aus den Substanzen der geistigen Welt, wenn ich so sagen darf, angekleidet.
Nun müssen wir, wenn wir den Rücklauf vollendet haben, wenn wir also wiederum an dem Ausgangspunkte angekommen sind, jenen Übergang finden, den ich in meiner «Theosophie» mit dem Übergange von der Seelenwelt in das Geisterland angedeutet habe. Aber das ist damit verknüpft, daß wir den Mondenbereich verlassen und innerhalb des Kosmos in den Sonnenbereich einziehen. Wir werden nach und nach mit der allumfassenden Wesenheit alles desjenigen bekannt, was geistig-seelisch im Sonnenbereiche lebt. Da müssen wir aufgenommen werden. Ja, da können wir jetzt nicht hinein mit unserem moralischen Leib. Ich werde in den nächsten Tagen davon zu sprechen haben, inwiefern gerade bei diesem Übergange aus dem Mondenbereich in den Sonnenbereich die Christus-Wesenheit für den Menschen eine führende Rolle spielt, die verschieden ist vor dem Mysterium von Golgatha und nach dem Mysterium von Golgatha. Heute wollen wir einmal den Durchgang durch diese Welt mehr objektiv schildern. Wir müssen nämlich dasjenige, was wir uns da angegliedert haben gewissermaßen aus unseren moralischen Werten, im Mondenbereich noch ablegen. Das stellt etwas dar, was wir gewissermaßen als ein Päckchen zurücklassen, damit wir als rein geistige Wesen in den Sonnenbereich nunmehr eintreten können, wo wir die Sonne wirklich sehen, jetzt nicht von der Seite, die sie der Erde zuwendet, sondern von der rückwärtigen Seite, wo wir sie ganz und gar von geistigen Wesenheiten erfüllt sehen, wo wir sie ganz und gar als ein geistiges Reich sehen.
Da ist es nun, wo wir alles dasjenige, was jetzt nicht zu unseren moralischen Werten gehört, sondern zu demjenigen, was die Götter uns auf Erden haben erfahren lassen und was brauchbar ist für das Weltenall, wo wir das dem Weltenall wie eine Nahrung übergeben, so daß der Weltenlauf weitergehen kann. Ja, es ist wirklich so, wenn wir den Weltenlauf - Sie wissen, ich gebrauche das nur als einen Vergleich, ich definiere den Weltenlauf wirklich nicht als Maschine — vergleichsweise wie eine Maschine ansehen würden, so wäre dasjenige, was wir da mitbringen, nachdem wir unser Päckchen im Mondenbereiche abgelegt haben, das würde im Sonnenbereiche wie ein Heizmaterial sein, das wir dem Laufe des Kosmos reichen, wie das Heizmaterial einer Maschine gereicht wird.
Und so treten wir ein in den Bereich der geistigen Welt. Denn es ist einerlei, ob wir sagen: Wir treten ein in den Sonnenbereich, geistig, oder ob wir sagen: Wir treten ein in die geistige Welt. - Da leben wir nun als Geist unter Geistern, so wie wir hier auf Erden als physischer Mensch unter physischen Wesenheiten der verschiedenen Naturreiche leben. Da leben wir unter denjenigen Wesenheiten, welche ich beschrieben und benannt habe in meiner «Geheimwissenschaft im Umriß». Da leben wir auch unter denjenigen Seelen, die vor uns gestorben sind oder die in der Erwartung sind ihres kommenden Erdenlebens. Wir leben da als Geist unter geistigen Wesenheiten. Diese geistigen Wesenheiten können Wesenheiten der höheren Hierarchien sein, sie können auch entkörperte, in der geistigen Welt lebende Menschen sein. Und die Frage taucht auf: Was tun wir nun? — Wir wachsen jetzt immer mehr und mehr in eine Weltanschauung hinein, die sehr verschieden von der irdischen Weltanschauung ist. Wenn man diese Welt schildert, in die wir hineinwachsen, so klingt es wieder paradox. Allein, was kann man denn anderes erwarten, als daß diese Dinge, die in einer ganz andern Welt leben, paradox für das irdische Anschauen klingen.
Indem wir da wirklich drinnenleben, Geist unter Geistern, haben wit, so wie wir hier auf Erden vor uns und um uns alles Natürliche haben, so haben wir, wenn wir als Geist unter Geistern zwischen dem Tode und einer neuen Geburt leben, gerade nach und nach alles Menschliche vor uns. Hier stehen wir auf Erden an einem bestimmten Punkte des irdischen Weltenalls. Wir richten den Blick nach allen Seiten hinaus und erblicken das, was außer dem Menschen ist. Dasjenige, was im Menschen ist, erblicken wir gar nicht.
Nun werden Sie sagen: Das ist töricht, was du uns sagst. Nicht gerade jeder Mensch, aber die gelehrten Anatomen, die in den anatomischen Kliniken den Menschen, wenn er gestorben ist, zerschneiden, die Anatomie treiben, kennen ganz gut das Innere des Menschen. Nichts kennen sie davon! Denn dasjenige, was man auf diese Weise vom Menschen kennenlernt, ist auch nur ein Äußeres. Ob sie schließlich den Menschen von dem Äußeren der Haut aus äußerlich anschauen, oder ob sie ihn von innen äußerlich anschauen, das ist alles dasselbe. Im Inneren der Haut des Menschen ist nicht dasjenige, was die Anatomen auf äußerliche Weise herausbekommen, sondern da sind ganze Welten drinnen. In der menschlichen Lunge, in jedem menschlichen Organ sind ganze Welten im Kleinen zusammengerollt.
Es ist ja wunderbar dasjenige, was wit sehen, wenn wir, sagen wir, eine schöne Landschaft bewundern können. Es ist wunderbar dasjenige, was wir sehen, wenn wir nächtlich den Sternenhimmel in all seiner Pracht bewundern. Aber dasjenige, was im Menschen drinnen ist, wenn wir den Menschen nicht mit dem physischen Auge des Anatomen anschauen, sondern mit geistigem Auge anschauen, wenn wir eine menschliche Lunge, eine menschliche Leber - verzeihen Sie, daß ich alle diese Organe nenne -, wenn wir diese Organe mit geistigem Auge anschauen, so sind das ja Welten, zusammengerollt. Gegenüber aller Pracht und Herrlichkeit der äußeren Flüsse und Berge, der Erdenwelt, gegenüber all dieser äußeren Pracht ist eine viel größere, eine erhabenere Pracht alles dasjenige, was innerhalb der Haut des Menschen auch nur als physische Organisation liegt. Daß das kleiner ist als die scheinbar so große Raumeswelt, das macht es nicht aus. Wenn Sie dasjenige überschauen, was in einem einzigen Lungenbläschen liegt, so ist das großartiger als dasjenige, was in den mächtigen Alpenmassiven liegt. Dasjenige, was innerhalb des Menschen ist, ist nämlich zusammenverdichtet der ganze geistige Kosmos. In der menschlichen Innenorganisation haben wir ein Bild des ganzen Kosmos.
Wir können uns das auch noch etwas anders vorstellen. Stellen Sie sich einmal vor, Sie seien meinetwillen dreißig Jahre alt geworden, blicken in sich hinein, rein seelisch. In der Erinnerung erinnern Sie sich an irgend etwas, was Sie zwischen dem zehnten und zwanzigsten Jahre erlebt haben. Da ist das äußere Erlebnis zum inneren Bilde der Seele geworden. Sie überblicken vielleicht in einem Momente weit ausgebreitete Erlebnisse, die Sie durch Jahre durchgemacht haben. Eine Welt ist in dem Bilde einer Vorstellung zusammengewoben. Denken Sie nur, was Sie manchmal haben, wenn Sie die kleinen Erinnerungsvorstellungen an weit ausgebreitete Ereignisse, die Sie durchgemacht haben, in Ihrem Seelenleben haben. Das ist das Seelische, das Sie da erleben, von dem, was Sie irdisch durchgemacht haben. Wenn Sie ebenso, wie Sie Ihre Erinnerungsvorstellung anschauen, Ihr Gehirn, das Innere Ihres Auges anschauen - das Innere des Auges allein ist ja eine ganze Welt -, wenn Sie ebenso anschauen Ihre Lunge, Ihre andern Organe, so sind diese nicht jetzt Bilder von Erlebnissen, die Sie durchgemacht haben, sondern sie sind Bilder des ganzen geistigen Kosmos, sie erscheinen nur auf materielle Art.
Wenn der Mensch enträtseln kann, ebenso wie er seine Erinnerungen im Seelenleben enträtseln kann, weil er sie durchlebt hat im irdischen Leben, wenn er ebenso enträtseln kann: Was ist in meinem Gehirn, in meinem Augeninneren, in meinem Lungeninneren enthalten? -— dann geht ihm der ganze geistige Kosmos auf, geradeso wie bei den einzelnen Erinnerungsvorstellungen einem irgendeine Erlebnisreihe aufgeht, die man durchgemacht hat. Man ist das verkörperte Weltgedächtnis als Mensch. Das muß man nur ordentlich in Erwägung ziehen, dann wird man verstehen, was es heißt, der Mensch tritt ein, nachdem er nach dem Tode die Zustände durchgemacht hat, die ich bisher geschildert habe, in das Schauen des Menschen selber. Der Mensch ist Geist unter Geistern. Aber dasjenige, was er als seine Welt jetzt erblickt, ist das Wunder der menschlichen Organisation selber als Kosmos, als ganze Welt. Wie hier Berge, Flüsse, Sterne, Wolken unsere Umgebung sind, so ist dann, wenn wir als Geist unter Geistern leben, der Mensch in seiner wunderbaren Organisation unsere Umgebung, unsere Welt. Wir blicken hinaus, wir blicken - wenn ich mich bildhaft ausdrücken darf - in der geistigen Welt links und blicken rechts: wie hier überall Felsen, Flüsse, Berge sind, so ist dort überall Mensch. Der Mensch ist die Welt. Und an dieser Welt, die eigentlich der Mensch ist, sind wir beschäftigt. So wie wir Maschinen bauen, Buchhaltungen anlegen, Röcke machen, Schuhe machen, wie wit hier irgend etwas schreiben auf der Erde, wie wir also dasjenige zusammenweben, was man den Inhalt der Zivilisation, der Kultur nennt, so weben wir dort, aber zusammen mit den Geistern der höheren Hierarchien und mit den entkörperten Menschen, an der Menschheit. Wir weben die Menschheit aus dem Kosmos heraus. Hier auf Erden sind wir fertiger Mensch. Dort legen wir den Geistkeim des Erdenmenschen.
Das ist das große Geheimnis, daß die Himmelsbeschäftigung des Menschen darinnen besteht, den großen Geistkeim für den späteren Erdenmenschen selber zu weben mit den Geistern der höheren Hierarchien zusammen. Und jeder weben wir - aber in riesiger Geistgröße in dem Geistkosmos darinnen - das Gewebe unseres eigenen Erdenmenschen, der wir dann sind, wenn wir wiederum zum Erdenleben heruntersteigen. Unsere Arbeit ist eine mit den Göttern gemeinsam geleistete Arbeit an dem Erdenmenschen.
Wenn wir hier auf Erden von Keim sprechen, so stellen wir uns etwas Kleines vor, das dann groß wird. Wenn wir aber davon sprechen, wie in der geistigen Welt der Keim des physischen Erdenmenschen vorhanden ist, denn der physische Keim, der im Leibe der Mutter gedeiht, ist nur das Abbild dieses Geistkeimes, wenn wir von dem Geistkeim sprechen, so ist der riesig groß, ist der ein Weltenall, und alle andern Menschen sind in dieses Weltenall verflochten. Man könnte sagen: Alle sind an demselben Orte und doch der Zahl nach voneinander verschieden. - Und dann verkleinert er sich immer mehr. Und wir machen das durch in der Zeit, die wir zwischen dem Tode und einer neuen Geburt durchmachen, daß wir zuerst als Weltenall groß den Geistkeim des Menschen bilden, der wir werden. Dann wird dieser Geistkeim immer kleiner und kleiner, er involviert seine Wesenheit immer mehr und mehr, und er ist es, der dann im Leibe der Mutter sein Abbild schafft.
Es ist ganz falsch, was in dieser Beziehung die materialistische Physiologie glaubt. Die materialistische Physiologie glaubt, der Mensch mit seiner wunderbaren Gestalt, die ich Ihnen eben versuchte skizzenhaft zu schildern, entstünde aus dem bloßen physischen Menschenkeim. Das ist der reine Unsinn. Denn man glaubt gewöhnlich in dieser materialistischen Physiologie, daß der Eikeim die allerkomplizierteste Materie sei. Und die Chemiker, die physiologischen Chemiker denken darüber nach, wie das Molekül oder das Atom immer komplizierter und komplizierter wird, und der Keim endlich ganz etwas Kompliziertes ist. Das ist ja gar nicht wahr. Der Eikeim ist nämlich chaotische Materie. Wenn Materie Keim wird, so löst sie sich gerade als Materie auf, ist vollständig pulverisiert. Darinnen besteht das Wesen des Keimes - und des Menschenkeimes am allermeisten, des physischen Menschenkeimes -, daß er vollständig pulverisierte Materie ist, die gar nichts mehr für sich will. Dadurch, daß er vollständig pulverisierte Materie ist, die gar nichts mehr für sich will, kann der Geistkeim, der lange vorbereitet ist, in diese Materie seinen Einzug halten. Dazu, zu dieser Pulverisierung, wird gerade die physische Keimmaterie durch die Konzeption fähig gemacht. Die physische Materie wird ganz zerstört, damit der geistige Keim sich in sie senken kann, und die physische Materie das Abbild des geistigen Keimes, der aus dem Kosmos heraus gewoben wird, werden kann.
Man kann gewiß große Loblieder singen auf all dasjenige, was Menschen auf Erden für die Zivilisation, für die Kultur tun können. Ich werde gewiß nicht gegen diese Loblieder sprechen, sondern erkläre mich von vorneherein, insofern diese Loblieder vernünftig sind, mit allem einverstanden. Aber dasjenige, was geleistet wird, ich möchte sagen an Himmelszivilisation zwischen dem Tod und einer neuen Geburt, indem der Menschenleib im Geiste vorbereitet wird, zuerst im Geist gewoben wird, das ist eine viel umfassendere, eine viel erhabenere, eine viel großartigere Arbeit als alle Kulturarbeit auf Erden. Denn es gibt nichts Erhabeneres in der Weltenordnung, als eben gerade aus allen Ingredienzien der Welt den Menschen zu weben. Mit Göttern zusammen wird der Mensch gewoben in der wichtigsten Zeit zwischen dem Tode und einer neuen Geburt.
Und wenn ich gestern sagen mußte: In einem gewissen Sinne ist dasjenige, was wir hier auf Erden an Erfahrungen, an Erlebnissen uns aneignen, eine Nahrung für den Kosmos -, so müssen wir nun sagen: Nachdem wir das, was wir hier in einem Erdenleben als für den Kosmos brauchbar - als Nahrung oder als Heizmaterial - bewahrt haben, an den Kosmos hingegeben haben, da bekommen wir aus der Fülle des Kosmos heraus all diejenigen Substanzen, aus denen wir den neuen Menschen, den wir später beziehen werden, wiederum weben. Da lebt der Mensch, indem er wirklich ganz hingegeben ist an eine geistige Welt, als Geist. Sein ganzes Weben und Wesen ist ein geistiges Arbeiten und ein geistiges Sein. Das dauert eine lange Zeit. Denn wirklich - man muß es immer wieder betonen -, dasjenige zu weben, was der Mensch ist, ist etwas ganz Gewaltiges und Großartiges. Und in alten Mysterien hat man nicht mit Unrecht den menschlichen physischen Leib einen «Tempel der Götter» genannt. Dieses Wort hat schon eine tiefe Bedeutung. Man lernt die ganze tiefe Bedeutung dieses Wortes immer mehr und mehr fühlen, je mehr man Einblick in die ganze Initiationswissenschaft gewinnt, in dasjenige, was als das Leben des Menschen selber zwischen dem 'Tode und einer neuen Geburt vor sich geht. Da lebt man aber auch so, daß man, ich möchte sagen, unmittelbar ansichtig wird der Geistwesen als Geistwesen. Das dauert längere Zeit. Dann tritt ein anderer Zustand ein.
Dasjenige, was vorher war, war so, daß man die einzelnen Geistwesen als Individualitäten wirklich geschaut hat. Man lernte sozusagen von Angesicht zu Angesicht, indem man mit ihnen arbeitete, die Geistwesen kennen. Dann tritt einmal ein Zustand ein, wo - ich möchte sagen, es ist nur bildlich gesprochen, aber man kann für diese Dinge ja nur Bilder anwenden - diese Geistwesen immer undeutlicher und undeutlicher werden und mehr ein allgemeines Geistgebilde auftritt. Man kann das so aussprechen, daß man sagt: Eine gewisse Zeit zwischen dem Tode und einer neuen Geburt erlebt man so, daß man unmittelbar mit den Geistwesen lebt. Dann kommt eine Zeit, wo man nur in der Offenbarung der Geistwesen lebt, wo sie sich einem offenbaren. - Ich will ein recht triviales Gleichnis gebrauchen. Wenn Sie in der Ferne so eine kleine graue Wolke sehen, so können Sie sie für eine kleine graue Wolke halten, gehen Sie näher hinzu, so entpuppt sie sich Ihnen als ein Mückenschwarm. Sie sehen jetzt jede einzelne Mücke. Hier ist es umgekehrt. Sie nehmen wahr - zuerst als einzelne Individualitäten — die göttlich-geistigen Wesenheiten, mit denen Sie arbeiten. Dann leben Sie sich hinein, so daß Sie die allgemeine Geistigkeit wahrnehmen wie den Mückenschwarm als Wolke, wo die einzelnen Individualitäten mehr verschwinden, und Sie leben dann, ich möchte sagen mehr auf pantheistische Weise in einer allgemeinen geistigen Welt.
Indem Sie jetzt in einer allgemeinen geistigen Welt leben, taucht aber aus Ihrem Inneren ein stärkeres Selbstgefühl auf, als Sie vorher hatten. Vorher waren Sie in Ihrem Selbst so, daß Sie gewissermaßen eins waren mit der geistigen Welt, die Sie in ihren Individualitäten erlebten. Jetzt fühlen Sie die geistige Welt gewissermaßen nur wie eine allgemeine Geistigkeit. Aber Sie fühlen sich stärker. Es erwacht die Intensität des eigenen Selbstgefühles. Und damit tritt langsam und allmählich im Menschen wiederum das Bedürfnis auf nach einem neuen Erdendasein. Mit diesem Erwachen des Selbstgefühles tritt das Bedürfnis auf nach einem neuen Erdendasein. Dieses Bedürfnis muß ich Ihnen so schildern. Durch die ganze Zeit, die ich Ihnen jetzt geschildert habe und die durch Jahrhunderte geht, hat der Mensch eigentlich, nachdem er die erste Zeit durchgemacht hat, wo er noch immer mit der Erde zusammenhängt, von da ab, wo er an seinen Ausgangspunkt wieder zurückgekommen ist, im Grunde genommen hauptsächlich nur die Interessen für die geistige Welt. Er webt in der Weise, wie ich es Ihnen geschildert habe, an dem Menschen im GroBen. Er hat Interesse hauptsächlich für die geistige Welt.
In dem Momente, wo die geistige Welt gewissermaßen in ihren Individualitäten ineinander verschwimmt und der Mensch die geistige Welt im allgemeinen wahrnimmt, erwacht in ihm das Interesse für die Erdenwelt wiederum. Dieses Interesse für die Erdenwelt tritt in einer ganz besonderen Weise ein. Es tritt nämlich in bestimmter Weise, in konkreter Weise auf. Man fängt an, ein Interesse zu bekommen an ganz bestimmten Menschen, die da unten auf der Erde sind, und wiederum an deren Kindern und an deren Kindern wiederum. Während man früher nur ein Himmelsinteresse hat, bekommt man jetzt ein merkwürdiges Interesse, wenn die geistige Welt zur Offenbarung wird, an gewissen Generationenfolgen. Das sind die Generationenfolgen, an deren Ende dann die eigenen Eltern stehen, die einen gebären werden, wenn man wiederum herabsteigt zur Erde. Aber man bekommt schon lange vorher für die Voreltern Interesse. Man verfolgt die Generationenreihe bis zu den Eltern hinunter, und zwar verfolgt man sie nicht bloß im Zeitenverlaufe, sondern wenn dieser Zustand der Offenbarung zuerst eintritt, da sieht man schon wie prophetisch die ganze Generationenreihe vor sich. Da sieht man durch die Generationen, durch die Menschenfolge Urururgroßvater, Ururgroßvater, Urgroßvater, Großvater und so weiter, man sieht den Weg, den man auf die Erde hinunter machen wird, in Menschengenetationen vor sich. Nachdem man zuerst in den Kosmos hineingewachsen ist, wächst man später in die reale, in die konkrete Menschengeschichte hinein. Und dann kommt der Zeitpunkt, wo man wiederum aus dem Sonnenbereiche allmählich herauskommt. Man bleibt natürlich immer im Sonnenbereiche drinnen, aber das deutliche, klare, bewußte Verhältnis verdunkelt sich, und man zieht wieder in den Mondenbereich ein. Und jetzt findet man im Mondenbereich das Päckchen, das man abgelegt hat - ich kann es nicht anders als mit diesem Bilde bezeichnen -, dasjenige, was die moralische Wertigkeit darstellt. Die muß man jetzt aufnehmen.
Wir werden in den nächsten Tagen sehen, wie da wiederum der Christus-Impuls eine sehr bedeutsame Rolle spielt. Man muß das Schicksalspäckchen sich einverleiben. Aber indem man sich dieses Schicksalspäckchen einverleibt, indem man den Mondenbereich betritt, geht einem, während das Selbstgefühl immer stärker und stärker geworden ist, während man immer mehr und mehr innerlich Seele geworden ist, das Gewebe, das man zu seinem physischen Leibe gewoben hat, allmählich verloren. Der Geistkeim, den man selbst gewoben hat, geht einem verloren, geht einem in dem Momente verloren, wo auf der Erde die Konzeption für den körperlichen Keim eintritt, den man auf Erden anzunehmen hat.
Nun ist man aber noch selber in der geistigen Welt. Der Geistkeim des physischen Leibes ist schon hinuntergegangen, man ist selber in der geistigen Welt. Da tritt eine starke Entbehrung ein, ein starkes Entbehrungsgefühl. Man hat seinen Geistkeim des physischen Leibes verloren. Der ist schon unten. Der ist am Ende der Generationenreihe angekommen, die man gesehen hat. Man ist noch oben. Gewaltig macht sich da die Entbehrung geltend. Und diese Entbehrung, die zieht jetzt aus aller Welt die geeigneten Ingredienzien des Weltenäthers zusammen. Nachdem man schon den Geistkeim des physischen Leibes auf die Erde hinuntergeschickt hat und als Seele, als Ich und als astralischer Leib, zurückgeblieben ist, zieht man aus dem Weltenäther Äthersubstanz zusammen und bildet den eigenen Ätherleib. Und mit diesem eigenen Ätherleib, den man gebildet hat, vereinigt man sich dann etwa in der dritten Woche, nachdem die Befruchtung auf Erden eingetreten ist, und vereinigt sich mit dem leiblichen Keim, der sich nach dem Geistkeim in der geschilderten Weise gebildet hat.
‚Aber ehe man sich mit seinem eigenen Leibeskeim vereinigt, bildet man sich noch seinen Ätherleib in der Weise, wie ich es geschildert habe. Und in diesen Ätherleib hinein ist verwoben das Päckchen, von dem ich gesprochen habe, das die moralische Wertigkeit enthält. Das verwebt man jetzt in sein Ich, in seinen astralischen Leib, aber auch noch in den ätherischen Leib hinein. Das bringt man dann mit dem physischen Leibe zusammen. Und so ist es, daß man sein Karma mit auf die Erde trägt. Das hat man zuerst im Mondenbereich zurückgelassen, denn man würde einen schlechten, einen verdorbenen physischen Leib ausgebildet haben, wenn man das in den Sonnenbereich mitgenommen hätte. Der physische Leib des Menschen wird individuell erst dadurch, daß der Ätherleib ihn durchzieht. Der physische Leib eines jeden Menschen würde gleich dem physischen Leib eines andern Menschen sein, denn in der geistigen Welt weben sich die Menschen schlechthin gleiche Geistkeime für ihren physischen Leib. Individuell werden wir eben nach unserem Karma, nach dem, wie wir unser Päckchen in den Ätherleib hineinverweben müssen, der dann schon, während wir noch im embryonalen Zustande sind, individuell unseren physischen Leib gestaltet, konstituiert, durchdringt.
Ich werde in den nächsten Tagen natürlich noch manches hinzufügen müssen zu dem, was ich Ihnen skizzenhaft über den Durchgang des Menschen zwischen dem Tode und einer neuen Geburt geschildert habe. Aber Sie haben gesehen, daß der Mensch da reiche Erlebnisse durchmacht, daß da die große Erfahrung eintritt, wie wir zuerst aufgehen in den Kosmos, wie wir aus dem Kosmos heraus wiederum die Menschlichkeit bilden, um zu einem neuen Erdenleben zu kommen.
Es sind im wesentlichen drei Dinge, die wir da durchmachen. Erstens leben wir als Geistseele unter Geistseelen. Es ist ein wirkliches Miterleben der geistigen Welt. Zweitens leben wir in der Offenbarung der geistigen Welt. Die Individualitäten der einzelnen geistigen Wesenheiten sind gewissermaßen verschwommen, die geistige Welt offenbart sich uns als ein Ganzes. Wir nähern uns wiederum dem Mondenbereich, da aber erwacht unser Selbstgefühl, das schon die Vorbereitung für das irdische Selbstgefühl ist. Während wir in der geistigen Welt als ein geistiges Selbst bewußt werden, nicht nach der Erde begehren, fangen wir jetzt während der Offenbarungszeit an, nach der Erde zu begehren, ein starkes, schon nach der Erde geneigtes Selbstgefühl zu entwickeln. Und das dritte ist dann, wenn wir in den Mondenbereich eingetreten sind, wenn wir unseren Geistkeim abgegeben haben an die physische Welt, daß wir die Äthermaterie aus allen Himmeln zusammenziehen zum eigenen Ätherleib. Drei aufeinanderfolgende Stadien: wirkliches Leben mit der geistigen Welt; Leben, indem man sich selber schon als ein egoistisches Ich fühlt, in den Offenbarungen der geistigen Welt; Leben im Zusammenziehen des Weltenäthers.
Davon kommen dann, wenn der Mensch in seinen physischen Leib eingezogen ist, die Abbilder zustande. Diese Abbilder stellen sich als etwas höchst Überraschendes heraus. Wir sehen das Kind. Wir sehen es in seinem physischen Leibe vor uns. Es entwickelt sich. Es ist ja das Wunderbarste, was wir sehen können in der physischen Welt, diese Entwickelung des Kindes. Wir sehen, wie es zuerst kriecht, wie es sich in die Gleichgewichtslage gegenüber der Welt versetzt. Wir nehmen das Gehenlernen wahr. Es ist ungeheuer viel mit diesem Gehenlernen verknüpft. Es ist ein ganzes Sich-Hineinbegeben in die Gleichgewichtslage der Welt. Es ist ein wirkliches Sich-Hineinversetzen des ganzen Kosmos in die drei Raumesrichtungen der Welt. Wie da das Kind eben erst die richtige menschliche Gleichgewichtslage innerhalb der Welt findet, das ist das erste Wunderbare.
Das ist ein irdisches anspruchsloses Abbild desjenigen, was der Mensch in langen Jahrhunderten durchgemacht hat, indem er als Geist unter Geistern lebte. Da bekommt man eine große Ehrfurcht vor der Welt, wenn man die Welt so betrachtet, daß man das Kind sieht, wie es zuerst ungeschickt mit den Gliedern in aller Welt herumfuchtelt, wie das nach und nach verständig wird. Ja, das ist die Nachwirkung der Bewegungen, die wir als Geistwesen unter Geistwesen durch Jahrhunderte ausgeführt haben. Es ist wirklich etwas Wunderbares, in den einzelnen Bewegungen des Kindes, in dem Aufsuchen der Gleichgewichtslage die irdischen Nachwirkungen der himmlischen Bewegungen, die rein geistig ausgeführt werden als Geist unter Geistern, wieder zu sehen. So geschieht es ja regelmäßig beim Kinde. Wenn es anders geschieht, ist es etwas abnorm. Es kann auch eintreten, aber eigentlich sollte das Kind zuerst gehen lernen, zuerst sich ins Gleichgewicht bringen lernen und dann sprechen.
Und nun lebt sich das Kind mit der Sprache nachahmend ein in die Umgebung. Aber mit jedem Laute, mit jeder Wortbildung, die sich in dem Kinde ausbildet, haben wir einen anspruchslosen irdischen Anklang jenes Erlebnisses, das wir haben, wenn das Erleben des Geistigen Offenbarung wird, gewissermaßen sich zu einem einheitlichen Nebel zusammenbildet. Da wird aus den einzelnen Wesen der Welt, die wir vorher individuell erlebt haben, der Weltenlogos. Dieser Nebel ist ja der Weltenlogos. Und wenn aus dem Kinde heraus Wort für Wort kommt, so ist das das ausgesprochene irdische Nachbild jenes wunderbaren Weltentableaus, das der Mensch in der Offenbarungszeit durchmacht, bevor er wiederum in den Mondenbereich eintritt.
Und dann, wenn das Kind, nachdem es gehen und sprechen gelernt hat, die Gedanken allmählich entwickelt - denn das dritte sollte erst das Denkenlernen bei der regelmäßigen menschlichen Entwickelung sein -, da ist das ein Nachbild jener Verrichtungen, die der Mensch vollzogen hat, indem er den Weltenäther aus allen Weltengebieten zum eigenen Ätherleib zusammengeformt hat.
So schauen wir das Kind an, wie es in die Welt hereingetreten ist. Und in dieser Stufenfolge der drei anspruchslosen Verrichtungen, die es sich aneignet, in ein dynamisch-statisches Verhältnis zur Welt zu kommen, Gleichgewicht zu erhalten, was wir Gehenlernen nennen, Sprechenlernen, Denkenlernen, sehen wir die ganz zusammengefalteten, irdisch anspruchslosen Nachbilder desjenigen, was ins gewaltige Kosmische auseinandergerollt die Zustände darstellt, die zwischen dem Tode und einer neuen Geburt durchgemacht werden.
Erst dadurch, daß wir dieses geistige Leben zwischen dem Tode und einer neuen Geburt kennenlernen, lernen wir auch kennen jenes Geheimnisvolle, das sich herausarbeitet aus dem tiefsten Inneren des Menschen, wenn das Kind zuerst ganz undifferenziert zur Welt kommt und immer differenzierter und differenzierter wird. So lernen wir die Welt begreifen als eine Offenbarung des Göttlichen, wenn wir in jedem einzelnen hindeuten können, wie es eine Offenbarung des Göttlichen ist.
Von diesen Dingen und dann im Zusammenhange mit der Erdenentwickelung und mit der Bedeutung des Christus-Impulses in der Erdenentwickelung wollen wir in den nächsten Vorträgen sprechen.
Second Lecture
Yesterday I tried to give a picture of the states a person goes through when he passes through the gate of death and arrives in the spiritual world. Let us briefly recall the most important stages. First of all, after passing directly through the gate of death, the human being experiences the departure of his imaginary world. The ideas, the powers of thought, become objective, become like active forces that spread out into the world, so that the human being feels that everything he has consciously experienced in earthly life between birth and death has gone away from him. But while - and this is something that takes place in a few days - the thought-experienced earth life moves away from man into the wide cosmos, a consciousness of all that man has unconsciously gone through in the sleep states during earth life arises from within. And this takes place in such a way that the human being now experiences his earthly life in a third of the time, going backwards.
During this time the human being is actually very preoccupied with himself. One could say that during this time the human being is still intensively involved with his own affairs of earthly life. He is completely interwoven with what he has gone through, let's say during the various nights, that is, in his sleeping states.
You can appreciate how man, since he is actually always going through his nocturnal experiences, is turned back on himself. Just consider the only thing that emerges from the sleep states during life on earth, the dreams. These dreams are the very least of what man experiences in sleep. But the rest remains unconscious. Only the dreams play up consciously. But these dreams, as interesting, as varied, as richly colored as they are, one must nevertheless say that they represent something in which man is entirely dependent on himself. Just think, if a number of people sleep in the same room, everyone can have their own dreams. And when people tell each other their dreams, people who have slept in the same room, they will tell each other something as if they had been in completely different worlds. During sleep man is completely alone with himself; he has his own world in sleep. And it is only by switching our will into our organism that we have the same world in the same space with other people. If we were always asleep, we would each have our own world.
But this world of our own, which we live through every night between falling asleep and waking up, is the world that we live through backwards in the years after death in a time that covers a third of our life course. However, if we had nothing more than this world, we would be occupied with ourselves alone for two or three decades after death, when we have become old people. But that is not the case. We are connected with the whole world through what we go through as our own affairs, because the relationships with numerous other people, with all those people with whom we have somehow come together in life, play into this world that we each go through for ourselves.
And so it happens, because we look down from this state in the soul world after death also on all that what people live through here on earth, with whom we have somehow been in relationship, that we live through with them that what takes place on the earth world. Therefore, if one tries to approach the deceased with the means that spiritual science makes available in this direction - one can do this - one can certainly perceive how these deceased can experience all earthly events intensively from the very beginning of their death experience through the other people with whom they have lived here on earth and who are still here on earth. And so one can find that people, depending on whether they have had this or that interest, which they have discussed together with people, which they have lived through together with people in a destiny, remain connected with all these earthly interests, take an interest in these earthly interests, even, because the physical body no longer forms an obstacle, have a much more enlightened judgment about these earthly experiences than the earthly people. And already by gaining a relationship, a conscious relationship to the dead, one can gain an extraordinary amount of light from the judgments of the dead also about earthly relationships.
But something else also comes into consideration. One can see how within the earthly relationships there are again certain things that are preserved in the spiritual world, how an eternal is mixed into our earthly experiences, so to speak. It sounds almost, I would like to say strange, when one gives descriptions of this world. However, I think I am mostly speaking to long-time anthroposophists here, and I can therefore speak about these things impartially. To discuss these things in public today, for example, would of course be quite out of place. If one seeks out the ways to communicate with the dead, one can even find the possibility of communicating with the dead in words spoken on earth, of asking them questions and receiving answers. This shows the peculiarity that the dead first lose the ability to use nouns in their language, while verbs are still used by the dead for a long time. And in particular the dead like to express themselves through words of feeling, through all that which is connected with feeling and the mind. An Oh!, an Oh! as an expression of astonishment, as an expression of surprise and the like, is what is often practiced by the dead in their language. To a certain extent, one must first learn the language of the dead.
This is not how the spiritualists imagine it, because they imagine that they can receive messages from the dead through the medium in the quite ordinary earthly language. You can already see from the nature of these messages that they are subconscious states of the living, not real direct messages from the dead to the mediums. For the dead grow more and more out of the ordinary human language, and after years one can only communicate with the dead at all if one has, so to speak, appropriated their language, which mostly lies in the fact that one indicates in simple symbolic drawings what one wants to express, and then again receives the answer in such symbolic forms, which one naturally receives in a shadowy way.I am describing this to you for the reason that I want to indicate to you that the dead person, although he actually lives in the element which is that of sleep, nevertheless has wide interests and already has an overview of the world. But we can be of extraordinary help to him in this. And it is, for example, an essential help to the dead if we think of them in all liveliness, if we send the dead such thoughts in particular, which represent in a quite vivid form what we have experienced with the dead. The dead do not understand abstract ideas. But if I take the thought: There was the road between Kristiania and a neighboring town; we walked there. The other person who has now died was walking next to me. I can still hear how he spoke back then. I can hear the sound of his voice. I try to visualize the movements he made with his arms, the movements he made with his head. - If you vividly imagine what you experienced together with the dead person and then send these thoughts to the dead person, whom you place before your soul in a familiar image, then such a thought floats or flows to the dead person, so to speak. And the dead person experiences it like a window through which he looks into the world. The dead person not only sees what we address to them as thoughts, but a whole world opens up to them. It is like a window through which he looks into our world.
In contrast, that which now lies in his spiritual surroundings can only be experienced by the dead person to the extent that he has already thought about the spiritual world to the extent possible for man on earth. There are so many people today who say: Oh, what need we worry about life after death. We can just wait and see. When we die, we'll see what there is after death. - But that's a completely impossible thought. You simply don't see anything after death if you haven't given any thought to the spiritual world in life, if you have merely lived a materialistic life.
With this I have indicated to you how the dead person lives in the time in which he lives his life backwards according to the measure of what he has always gone through in the states of sleep. In this time the human being, who has now left his physical, his etheric body, feels himself in the realm of the spiritual moon forces. We must be clear that everything that are world bodies, moon, sun, other stars, insofar as they appear to the physical eyes, are really only the physical manifestation of the spiritual.
Just as the individual human being now sitting here on the chair is not merely flesh and blood, which we can regard as matter, but is soul and spirit, so soul and spirit live everywhere in the whole universe, in the whole cosmos, and not just one unified soul-spiritual being, but many, infinitely many spiritual beings. And so connected with the moon, which we only see externally with the physical eye as the silver disk, are numerous spiritual beings. We are in their realm as long as we live our earthly life in the manner described, until we have returned to our starting point. We can therefore say that this is how long we are in the lunar realm.
While we are therefore in this backward life, however, something mixes into our whole life, which then reaches a certain conclusion when we come out of the lunar realm after death. Immediately after we have shed the etheric body a few days after death in the manner described, the moral judgment of our human worth becomes apparent from these nocturnal experiences. We then have no choice but to make a moral judgment of that which we relive. And it is very peculiar how things now take shape.
Here on earth we carry a body made of bones, muscles, blood vessels and so on. Then, after death, a spiritual body is formed from our moral values. A good person acquires a beautifully luminous moral body, a bad person a falsely luminous moral body. This is formed during this regression. And this is actually only a part of that which attaches itself to us, which now becomes our - if I may express myself in this way - spiritual body, because a part of what we now receive in the spiritual world as a spiritual body is formed from our moral values, another part is simply clothed in us from the substances of the spiritual world, if I may say so.
Now, when we have completed the return journey, when we have once again arrived at the starting point, we must find that transition which I have indicated in my “Theosophy” with the transition from the soul world into the spirit world. But this is connected with the fact that we leave the lunar realm and enter the solar realm within the cosmos. We gradually become acquainted with the all-encompassing nature of all that lives spiritually and mentally in the solar realm. We must be taken in there. Yes, we cannot enter there now with our moral body. In the next few days I will have to talk about the extent to which the Christ entity plays a leading role for the human being in this transition from the lunar realm to the solar realm, which is different before the Mystery of Golgotha and after the Mystery of Golgotha. Today we want to describe the passage through this world more objectively. For we still have to discard in the lunar realm that which we have, so to speak, taken on from our moral values. This represents something that we leave behind as a package, so to speak, so that we can now enter the solar realm as purely spiritual beings, where we really see the sun, now not from the side that turns it towards the earth, but from the rear side, where we see it completely filled with spiritual beings, where we see it completely as a spiritual realm.
There it is now, where we hand over everything that does not belong to our moral values now, but to that what the gods have let us experience on earth and what is useful for the universe, where we hand this over to the universe like food, so that the course of the world can go on. Yes, it is really so, if we were to regard the course of the world - you know, I use this only as a comparison, I really do not define the course of the world as a machine - comparatively like a machine, then that which we bring with us after we have deposited our packet in the lunar realm, that would be like a heating material in the solar realm, which we hand to the course of the cosmos, like the heating material is handed to a machine.
And so we enter the realm of the spiritual world. For it makes no difference whether we say: We enter the solar realm, spiritually, or whether we say: We enter the spiritual world. - There we now live as spirits among spirits, just as we live here on earth as physical human beings among physical entities of the various kingdoms of nature. There we live among those beings which I have described and named in my “Secret Science in Outline”. There we also live among those souls who have died before us or who are awaiting their coming life on earth. We live there as spirits among spiritual beings. These spiritual beings can be beings of the higher hierarchies, they can also be disembodied people living in the spiritual world. And the question arises: What do we do now? - We are now growing more and more into a world view that is very different from the earthly world view. When you describe this world into which we are growing, it sounds paradoxical again. But what else can one expect but that these things, which live in a completely different world, sound paradoxical to the earthly view?
Inasmuch as we really live in there, spirit among spirits, we have, as we have here on earth before us and around us everything natural, so we have, when we live as spirit among spirits between death and a new birth, just little by little everything human before us. Here we stand on earth at a certain point in the earthly universe. We look out on all sides and see that which is beyond man. We do not see that which is within man.
Now you will say: That is foolish what you are telling us. Not exactly every human being, but the learned anatomists who cut up the human being when he has died in the anatomical clinics, who do the anatomy, know the inside of the human being quite well. They know nothing of it! Because what you get to know of the human being in this way is also only an exterior. Whether they look at the human being from the outside of the skin or from the inside, it is all the same. Inside a person's skin is not what anatomists get from the outside, but there are whole worlds inside. In the human lung, in every human organ, whole worlds are rolled up in miniature.
It is wonderful what we see when we can admire, say, a beautiful landscape. It is wonderful what we see when we admire the starry sky in all its splendor at night. But what is inside the human being, when we look at the human being not with the physical eye of the anatomist, but with the spiritual eye, when we look at a human lung, a human liver - forgive me for naming all these organs - when we look at these organs with the spiritual eye, they are worlds rolled up together. Compared to all the splendour and magnificence of the outer rivers and mountains, of the earthly world, compared to all this outer splendour, there is a much greater, a more sublime splendour in everything that lies within the skin of the human being, even if only as a physical organization. The fact that this is smaller than the seemingly so great world of space does not matter. If you look at what lies in a single alveolus, it is more magnificent than what lies in the mighty Alpine massifs. That which is within the human being is in fact the whole spiritual cosmos condensed together. In the human inner organization we have an image of the whole cosmos.
We can also imagine it a little differently. Imagine for a moment that you have turned thirty years old for my sake, and look into yourself, purely spiritually. You remember something you experienced between the ages of ten and twenty. The external experience has become the inner image of your soul. Perhaps in a single moment you survey a wide range of experiences that you have gone through over the years. A world is woven together in the image of an imagination. Just think what you sometimes experience when you have small memories in your soul life of wide-ranging events that you have gone through. This is the spiritual experience you have of what you have gone through on earth. If, just as you look at your memory, you look at your brain, the inside of your eye - the inside of the eye alone is a whole world - if you also look at your lungs, your other organs, these are not now images of experiences that you have gone through, but they are images of the whole spiritual cosmos, they only appear in a material way.
If a person can unravel, just as he can unravel his memories in the life of the soul because he has lived through them in earthly life, if he can unravel in the same way: What is contained in my brain, in the interior of my eyes, in the interior of my lungs? -- Then the whole spiritual cosmos opens up to him, just as a series of experiences that he has gone through opens up to him in the individual memories. One is the embodied world memory as a human being. You only have to consider this properly, then you will understand what it means that after death, having gone through the states I have described so far, man enters into the vision of man himself. Man is a spirit among spirits. But that which he now sees as his world is the miracle of the human organization itself as a cosmos, as a whole world. Just as mountains, rivers, stars, clouds are our surroundings here, so then, when we live as spirit among spirits, man in his wonderful organization is our surroundings, our world. We look out, we look - if I may express myself figuratively - in the spiritual world to the left and look to the right: just as there are rocks, rivers, mountains everywhere here, so there is man everywhere there. Man is the world. And in this world, which is actually man, we are busy. Just as we build machines, create accounts, make skirts, make shoes, just as we write something here on earth, just as we weave together what is called the content of civilization, of culture, so we weave humanity there, but together with the spirits of the higher hierarchies and with the disembodied human beings. We weave humanity out of the cosmos. Here on earth we are finished human beings. There we lay the spiritual seed of the earthly human being.
This is the great secret, that the heavenly occupation of man consists in weaving the great spirit-germ for the later earthly man himself together with the spirits of the higher hierarchies. And we each weave - but in enormous spirit greatness in the spirit cosmos within - the fabric of our own earth man, which we then become when we descend again to earth life. Our work is work done together with the gods on the earthly human being.
When we speak of germs here on earth, we imagine something small that then becomes great. But when we speak of how the germ of the physical earth-man is present in the spiritual world, for the physical germ, which flourishes in the womb of the mother, is only the image of this spirit-germ, when we speak of the spirit-germ, it is gigantic, it is a universe, and all other men are interwoven into this universe. You could say that they are all in the same place and yet are different in number. - And then it becomes smaller and smaller. And we go through this in the time that we go through between death and a new birth, that we first form the spirit-germ of the human being that we become as the universe. Then this spirit-germ becomes smaller and smaller, it involves its essence more and more, and it is he who then creates his image in the womb of the mother.
It is quite wrong what materialistic physiology believes in this respect. Materialistic physiology believes that the human being with his marvelous form, which I have just tried to describe to you in sketch form, arises from the mere physical human germ. That is pure nonsense. For it is usually believed in this materialistic physiology that the germ is the most complicated matter of all. And the chemists, the physiological chemists, think about how the molecule or the atom becomes more and more complicated, and the germ is finally something quite complicated. That's not true at all. The germ is chaotic matter. When matter becomes a germ, it dissolves as matter, it is completely pulverized. This is the essence of the germ - and of the human germ most of all, the physical human germ - that it is completely pulverized matter that no longer wants anything for itself. Because it is completely pulverized matter, which no longer wants anything for itself, the spirit-germ, which has been prepared for a long time, can make its entrance into this matter. The physical germ matter is made capable of this pulverization by the conception. Physical matter is completely destroyed so that the spiritual germ can sink into it, and physical matter can become the image of the spiritual germ that is woven out of the cosmos.
One can certainly sing the praises of all that people on earth can do for civilization, for culture. I will certainly not speak against these songs of praise, but declare myself in agreement with everything from the outset, insofar as these songs of praise are reasonable. But that which is accomplished, I would say, in heavenly civilization between death and a new birth, in that the human body is prepared in the spirit, is first woven in the spirit, is a much more comprehensive, a much more sublime, a much more magnificent work than all cultural work on earth. For there is nothing more sublime in the world order than to weave the human being from all the ingredients of the world. Man is woven together with gods in the most important time between death and a new birth.
And if I had to say yesterday: In a certain sense that which we acquire here on earth in experiences, in experiences, is food for the cosmos -, we must now say: after we have given to the cosmos that which we have preserved here in an earthly life as useful for the cosmos - as food or as heating material - we receive from the fullness of the cosmos all those substances from which we in turn weave the new human being whom we will later obtain. There the human being lives as a spirit, in that he is really completely surrendered to a spiritual world. His whole weaving and being is a spiritual work and a spiritual being. This takes a long time. For truly - it must be emphasized again and again - to weave that which man is is something quite powerful and magnificent. And in ancient mysteries the human physical body was not wrongly called a “temple of the gods”. This word already has a deep meaning. One learns to feel the whole deep meaning of this word more and more the more one gains insight into the whole science of initiation, into that which takes place as the life of man himself between death and a new birth. But one also lives in such a way that one becomes, I would say, directly aware of the spirit beings as spirit beings. That takes a long time. Then a different state occurs.
What happened before was that one really saw the individual spirit beings as individualities. You got to know the spirit beings face to face, so to speak, by working with them. Then a state occurs where - I would like to say it is only metaphorically speaking, but one can only use images for these things - these spirit beings become more and more indistinct and more and more a general spirit entity appears. One can express this in such a way that one says: A certain time between death and a new birth is experienced in such a way that one lives directly with the spirit beings. Then comes a time when one lives only in the revelation of the spirit beings, where they reveal themselves to one. - I will use a rather trivial simile. If you see a small gray cloud in the distance, you may think it is a small gray cloud, but if you go closer, it turns out to be a swarm of gnats. You can now see every single mosquito. Here it is the other way around. You perceive - first as single individualities - the divine-spiritual entities you are working with. Then you live into it, so that you perceive the general spirituality like the swarm of gnats as a cloud, where the single individualities disappear more, and you then live, I would like to say more in a pantheistic way, in a general spiritual world.
But now that you are living in a general spiritual world, a stronger sense of self emerges from within you than you had before. Before you were in your self in such a way that you were to a certain extent one with the spiritual world, which you experienced in its individualities. Now you feel the spiritual world to a certain extent only as a general spirituality. But you feel stronger. The intensity of your own sense of self awakens. And with this, slowly and gradually, the need for a new earthly existence arises in the human being. With this awakening of the sense of self comes the need for a new earthly existence. I must describe this need to you in this way. Throughout the whole period I have now described to you, which goes on for centuries, man, after he has passed through the first period when he is still connected with the earth, has, from the moment he has returned to his starting point, basically only interests in the spiritual world. He weaves in the way I have described to you, in the human being at large. He is mainly interested in the spiritual world.
At the moment when the spiritual world to a certain extent blurs into one another in its individualities and the human being perceives the spiritual world in general, the interest for the earth world awakens in him again. This interest in the earthly world arises in a very special way. It arises in a certain way, in a concrete way. One begins to take an interest in very specific people who are down there on earth, and in turn in their children and in turn in their children. Whereas in the past one only had an interest in heaven, now, when the spiritual world becomes a revelation, one acquires a strange interest in certain successions of generations. These are the successions of generations at the end of which are your own parents, who will give birth to you when you descend to earth again. But you become interested in your foreparents long before that. One follows the line of generations down to the parents, and not only in the course of time, but when this state of revelation first occurs, one already sees the whole line of generations prophetically before one. Through the generations, through the human succession of great-great-great-grandfather, great-great-grandfather, great-grandfather, grandfather and so on, one sees the path one will take down to earth in human generations before one. After first growing into the cosmos, you later grow into real, concrete human history. And then comes the time when you gradually emerge from the solar realm. Of course, you always remain in the solar realm, but the clear, clear, conscious relationship darkens and you move back into the lunar realm. And now one finds in the lunar realm the little package that one has laid down - I cannot describe it in any other way than with this image - that which represents the moral value. You have to pick it up now.
We will see in the next few days how the Christ impulse plays a very significant role here again. One must assimilate the package of destiny. But by assimilating this packet of destiny, by entering the lunar realm, as one's sense of self grows stronger and stronger, as one becomes more and more inwardly soul, the fabric that one has woven into one's physical body is gradually lost. The spiritual germ that you have woven yourself is lost to you, is lost to you at the moment when the conception for the physical germ occurs on earth, which you have to accept on earth.
But now you are still in the spiritual world yourself. The spirit-germ of the physical body has already descended, one is oneself in the spiritual world. There is a strong sense of deprivation, a strong feeling of deprivation. One has lost the spirit germ of the physical body. It is already down. It has reached the end of the line of generations that you have seen. You are still at the top. The deprivation has a powerful effect. And this deprivation is now drawing together the appropriate ingredients of the world ether from all over the world. Having already sent the spirit-germ of the physical body down to earth and remaining behind as soul, as ego and as astral body, one draws together etheric substance from the world ether and forms one's own etheric body. And with this own etheric body, which one has formed, one then unites in about the third week, after fertilization has occurred on earth, and unites with the bodily germ, which has formed after the spirit germ in the manner described.
'But before you unite with your own body germ, you still form your etheric body in the way I have described. And into this etheric body is interwoven the little package I have spoken of, which contains the moral value. This is now woven into the ego, into the astral body, but also into the etheric body. This is then brought together with the physical body. And so it is that you carry your karma with you to earth. This was first left behind in the lunar realm, for one would have formed a bad, a corrupted physical body if one had taken it with one into the solar realm. A person's physical body only becomes individual when the etheric body permeates it. The physical body of every human being would be the same as the physical body of another human being, because in the spiritual world human beings weave the same spirit germs for their physical body. We become individual according to our karma, according to how we have to weave our package into the etheric body, which then, while we are still in the embryonic state, individually forms, constitutes and permeates our physical body.
Of course, over the next few days I will have to add a few things to what I have sketched out for you about the passage of the human being between death and a new birth. But you have seen that the human being undergoes rich experiences, that the great experience occurs of how we first merge into the cosmos, how we form humanity again out of the cosmos in order to come to a new life on earth.
There are essentially three things that we go through. Firstly, we live as spirit souls among spirit souls. It is a real co-experience of the spiritual world. Secondly, we live in the revelation of the spiritual world. The individualities of the individual spiritual beings are to a certain extent blurred, the spiritual world reveals itself to us as a whole. We approach the lunar realm again, but there our sense of self awakens, which is already the preparation for the earthly sense of self. While in the spiritual world we become conscious as a spiritual self and do not desire the earth, during the time of revelation we now begin to desire the earth, to develop a strong sense of self that is already inclined towards the earth. And the third is then, when we have entered the lunar realm, when we have given up our spirit-germ to the physical world, that we draw together the etheric matter from all the heavens into our own etheric body. Three successive stages: real life with the spiritual world; life in which one already feels oneself as an egoistic I in the revelations of the spiritual world; life in the drawing together of the world ether.
When the human being has entered his physical body, the images are created. These images turn out to be something most surprising. We see the child. We see it before us in its physical body. It is developing. This development of the child is the most wonderful thing we can see in the physical world. We see how it first crawls, how it balances itself in relation to the world. We perceive the learning to walk. There is an enormous amount connected with this learning to walk. It is a whole process of entering into the equilibrium of the world. It is a real immersion of the entire cosmos in the three spatial directions of the world. How the child first finds the right human equilibrium within the world is the first wonderful thing.
This is an earthly, unpretentious reflection of what man has gone through over many centuries, living as a spirit among spirits. One gets a great reverence for the world when one looks at it in such a way that one sees the child at first clumsily fumbling about with its limbs in all the world, and how it gradually becomes intelligent. Yes, this is the after-effect of the movements that we have carried out as spirit beings among spirit beings for centuries. It is truly wonderful to see the earthly after-effects of the heavenly movements, which are carried out purely spiritually as spirits among spirits, in the individual movements of the child, in the search for balance. This is what happens regularly with children. If it happens differently, it is somewhat abnormal. It can also occur, but actually the child should first learn to walk, first learn to balance itself and then speak.
And now the child settles into the environment by imitating speech. But with every sound, with every word formation that develops in the child, we have an undemanding earthly echo of the experience that we have when the experience of the spiritual becomes revelation, when it forms itself into a uniform mist, so to speak. The individual beings of the world, which we have previously experienced individually, become the world logos. This nebula is the world logos. And when word after word comes out of the child, it is the expressed earthly afterimage of that wonderful world tableau that man goes through in the time of revelation before he enters the lunar realm again.
And then, when the child, after it has learned to walk and speak, gradually develops the thoughts - for the third should only be the learning to think in the regular human development - then this is an afterimage of those activities that the human being has carried out by forming the world ether from all world realms into his own etheric body.
So we look at the child as it has entered the world. And in this gradual sequence of three undemanding activities, which it acquires in order to come into a dynamic-static relationship to the world, to maintain balance, what we call learning to walk, learning to speak, learning to think, we see the completely folded up, earthly undemanding afterimages of that which, rolled out into the mighty cosmic, represents the states that are passed through between death and a new birth.
It is only by getting to know this spiritual life between death and a new birth that we also get to know the mysterious that emerges from the deepest inner being of man when the child first comes into the world completely undifferentiated and becomes ever more differentiated and sophisticated. This is how we learn to understand the world as a revelation of the divine, when we can point out in each individual how it is a revelation of the divine.
We want to speak about these things and then in connection with earth development and the significance of the Christ impulse in earth development in the next lectures.