Man As A Picture of The Living Spirit
GA 228
2 September 1923, London
Translated by George Adams
After the excellent conference at Ilkley and summer school at Penmaenmawr, it gives me heartfelt pleasure to be able now to give this lecture at our London centre.
I may remind you first of what I said in former lectures here.1Man's Life on Earth and in the Spiritual Worlds. Six lectures given in England during 1922. Man, in accomplishing his work from day to day and from year to year, works in the physical body which is given to him upon Earth, and through which he is physically linked with all earthly life. So long as we contemplate what surrounds us here in this physical existence upon Earth, including that which we ourselves contribute to if, we shall of course fix our attention mainly on the times we spend in waking life. Yet as I said in those earlier lectures, that which goes on for man during the times when he is fast asleep is still more important for his whole existence—even for what he is and does in earthly life.
When we look back in memory from any given point in our life, we always exclude the times we spent asleep; we join the things we did and underwent by day and while awake, as though they were to form a continuous whole. Yet none of this would be possible without the intervening periods of sleep. Above all, if we want to know the true being of man, we must pay attention to these periods of sleep. A man might easily say that he knows nothing of what goes on during sleep. To ordinary consciousness this may seem true, but in reality it is not so. For if we had to look back into a life uninterrupted by sleep, we should be mere automata. True, we should still be spiritual beings, but we should be automata.
Even more important than the daily periods of sleep throughout our life are the times we spent in sleep as very little children. We retain the good effects of those early periods of sleep all through our life; in a sense, we only supplement them by what accrues to us spiritually night by night during the rest of life. If we came into the world as little children wide-awake and never slept, we should, once more, be automata, in this automatic state we should be unable to do anything consciously at all. We should not even recognize what came about through us, as our own concern.
We may believe we have no memory at all of what transpires during sleep, but even that is not quite true. When we look back in memory, seeing the things we experienced while awake and omitting the periods of sleep, the fact is that we see a void, a nothing, in the intervals of time when we were sleeping. It is as though you were looking at a white wall where at one place the white paint was lacking; you see a black circle. Or there might be a hole with no light behind it; you see the empty hole inasmuch as you see darkness. So do you see the darkness when you look back on your own life. The times you spent asleep appear as darkness in the midst of life. And in reality it is to these darknesses of life that you say ‘I.’ If you did not see the darknesses you would have no consciousness of ‘I.’ You owe the ability to say ‘I’ to yourself, not to the fact that you were active every day from morning until night, but to the fact that you were also sleeping. The Ego as we know it in this earthly life is, to begin with, darkness of life, emptiness, even non-existence. If we consider our life truly, we shall not say that we owe our consciousness of self to the day but rather that we owe it to the night. This is the truth. It is the night which makes us real human beings and no mere automata.
Indeed if we look back into earlier epochs of human evolution upon Earth, though he was no mere automaton even then, for he already had certain differences between his waking and sleeping states, yet inasmuch as he was more or less aware of his sleeping states even in ordinary waking life, man's earthly life and action was far more automatic than it is today.
Truth is, we never bring our real and inmost Ego with us from the spiritual world into the physical and earthly; we leave it in the spiritual world. Before we came down into earthly life it was in the spiritual world, and it is there again between our falling asleep and our awakening. It stays there always, and if by day—in the present form of human consciousness—we call ourselves an ‘I,’ this word is but an indication of something which is not here in the physical world at all; it only has its picture in this world.
We do not see ourselves aright if we say: ‘Here am I, this robust and real man, standing upon Earth; here am I with my inmost being.’ We only see ourselves aright if we say: ‘Our true being is in the spiritual world, and what is here of us on Earth is but a picture—an image of our true being.’ It is entirely true if we regard what is here on Earth, not as the real man himself, but as the picture of the real man.
I will now show how you can see this picture-character of man more clearly. Let us imagine ourselves asleep. The Ego is away from the physical and etheric body; the astral body too is away. Now it is the Ego which works in the blood of man and in his movements. In sleep the movements cease, inasmuch as the Ego is away; the blood however goes on working, and yet the Ego is not there. We need only think of the physical body and we must ask ourselves: What happens to it while we are asleep? Something must still be living and working in the blood, even as the Ego lives and works in it by day. Likewise the astral body, living as it does in the whole breathing process, leaves it by night, and yet the breathing goes on. Here again, something must be there within the breathing process, working in it even as the astral body does in waking life.
Thus every time we go to sleep, with our astral body we forsake those inner organs which are the organs of respiration, and with our Ego we forsake the pulsating forces of our blood. What then becomes of them by night? The answer is that while the man lies asleep in bed, Beings of the adjoining Hierarchy enter into the pulsating forces of the blood from which his Ego has departed. Angels, Archangels and Archai are then indwelling the self-same organs in which the human Ego dwells in waking life by day. Moreover in the breathing organs which we have forsaken inasmuch as the astral body is outside by night, Beings of the next higher Hierarchy—Exusiai, Dynamis and Kyriotetes—are living then.
Thus when we go to sleep at night, setting forth with our Ego and astral body, leaving behind the body of our waking life, Angels, Archangels and higher spiritual Beings enter into us and animate our organs while we are outside—until we re-awaken. And what is more, as to our ether-body, even in our day-waking life we are not able to fulfill what is needed there. The Beings of the highest Hierarchy—Seraphim, Cherubim and Thrones—have to indwell this ether-body even while we are awake; they remain there always.
Lastly the physical body; if we ourselves had to achieve all the great and wonderful processes taking place there, we should not merely do it very badly; we could not set about it at all. Here we are utterly helpless. What outer anatomy ascribes to the physical body could not even move a single atom of it. Powers of quite another order are required here, namely none other than those that have been known since primeval times as the supreme Trinity—the Powers of the Father, Son and Holy Spirit. They—the essential Trinity—indwell the physical body of man.
Therefore in truth, throughout our earthly life our physical body is not our own. If it depended on us, it could not go on at all. It is, as was said of old, the true Temple of the Godhead—of the Divine threefold Being. Likewise our ether-body is the dwelling-place of the Hierarchy of Seraphim, Cherubim and Thrones. They have to help in caring for the organs which are assigned to the etheric body. As to those physical and etheric organs on the other hand which are deserted every night by the astral body, they are provided for by the second Hierarchy—Kyriotetes, Dynamis and Exusiai. Lastly, the organs forsaken during sleep by the human Ego have to be cared for in the night by Angeloi, Archangeloi and Archai. There is a constant activity within the human being, proceeding not only from man himself. Only in waking life he lives in this bodily nature, so to speak, as a subtenant. For at the same time it is the Temple and the dwelling-place of spiritual Beings—the Beings of the Hierarchies.
Bearing all this in mind, we only see this outer form of man aright if we admit: It is a picture—a picture of the working-together of all the Hierarchies. They are within it. Look at this human head in all the detail of its form; look at the rest of the body in its human form. I do not look at it truly if I describe it as a reality—as a real being, thus or thus. I only look at it truly if I say: It is a picture of an invisible, super-sensible working of all the Hierarchies together. Only when things are seen in this way can one speak truly and in detail of what is commonly propounded in a rather abstract manner. The physical world is not the true reality, so it is said; it is a maya—the true reality is behind it. Yet such a statement does not help us much. It is too general, as if one were to say: Flowers are growing in the meadow. Just as this statement will only be of use if you know what kind of flowers, so too the knowledge of the higher world can only be applied in practice if one is able to point out in detail how it is working in the outer picture, maya, or reflection, which is its physical, sense-perceptible manifestation.
Man therefore, seen in his totality, both in his earthly life by day and in his earthly life by night, is related not only to his physical and visible environment on Earth but to a world of higher spiritual being. Through all the kingdoms of Nature upon Earth—mineral, plant, animal kingdom—there works what we may call a lower spiritual realm. So too throughout the world of stars there works a higher spiritual realm—a realm which also influences man. Looked at in his totality, man is related through his physical existence to plants and animals, to water and to air; so too, he is related spiritually to the world of stars. The latter too is but a picture, a revelation of the underlying spiritual reality. It is the Beings of the Hierarchies who are really there. When he looks up to the stars, man in reality is looking up to the spiritual Beings of the Hierarchies. That which is raying down upon him is but a kind of symbolic light which they send to him of their presence, so that here too, even in physical life, he may have some indication of the living Spirit which in reality fills the entire Universe.
Just as on Earth we may long to know this mountain or that river, this animal or yonder plant, so should we feel a longing to get to know the starry world in its true being. In its true being it is spiritual. In Penmaenmawr I tried to tell a little of the real spiritual nature of the Moon, such as it shines upon us from the cosmic spaces in the present phase of earthy evolution. When we look up to the Moon, we never really see the Moon itself; we see at most a scanty indication of it where the illuminated crescent is continued. What we are seeing is the reflected sunlight, not the Moon itself. So altogether, only the cosmic forces thrown back or reflected by the Moon reach us upon Earth, never what lives within the Moon itself. That it reflects the Sun's light to the Earth is but a part, nay, the smallest part of what pertains to the Moon. All physical and spiritual impulses that reach it from the great Universe, the Moon reflects to us like a mirror. And as we never see through to the other side of a mirror, so do we never see the interior of the Moon, where, in effect, there lives a spiritual population among whom are very high guiding Beings. These guiding Powers, with the rest of the Lunar population, were once upon a time on Earth, whence they withdrew to the Moon more than 15,000 years ago. Before that time the Moon looked even physically different. It did not merely reflect the sunlight to the Earth but mingled in the sunlight something of its own essence. This is however not the point which interests us now. What does concern us at this moment is the fact that in the present epoch the Moon is there like a fortress in the Universe—a cosmic fortress within which lives a population which fulfilled its human destinies more than 15,000 years ago, and, with the spiritual guides of humanity, withdrew thereafter to the Moon. For there were once upon a time on Earth very advanced Beings—Beings who did not put on physical human bodies as do the men of today. They lived rather in etheric bodies, yet for the men who lived on Earth at that time they were the great leaders and educators.
It was these mighty teachers and educators who brought to mankind, long, long ago, the primeval wisdom—the original and sublime wisdom-teachings of mankind, whereof the Vedas, the Vedanta, are but a distant echo. They now are living in the Moon and only radiating spiritually to the Earth what issues from the Universe outside the Moon.
Something of the erstwhile Moon-forces has indeed remained behind on Earth, namely the physical forces of reproduction in man and animal; but that is all. Only the most external and physical element remained behind when at a certain time of old Atlantis the great teachers of mankind migrated to the Moon, which had itself withdrawn from the Earth long before.
Therefore when we look upward to the Moon we only see it truly if we realize that there are lofty spiritual Beings there—Beings who were once upon a time on Earth and who now make it their task to ray down to Earth not what they bear within themselves, but the forces, both physical and spiritual, which they reflect and thus transmit from the great Universe. Whoever seeks Initiation-wisdom in present time, must among other things seek to receive into this Initiation-wisdom what the Beings of the Moon with their sublime spiritual forces have to tell.
Now this is only one of the ‘cities’ in the great Universe—one colony, one settlement among many. Others are no less important, notably those belonging to our planetary system. And as concerns ourselves—as concerns humanity on Earth—the other pole, the opposite extreme to the Moon, is the population of Saturn.
The Saturn population too, as you may gather from my Occult Science, was once united with the Earth, yet in a very different way from the population of the Moon. The Saturn-beings are connected with the earthly life in quite another way. They reflect nothing from cosmic space. Even the physical sunlight is only just reflected on to Earth by Saturn. Saturn like a lonely recluse wanders slowly round the Sun, shedding very little light. What outer Astronomy can tell us about Saturn is but a very small portion of the truth. The significance of Saturn for humanity on Earth is made manifest, if only in a picture, every night when man is sleeping, and it is realized more fully between death and new birth when man is going through the spiritual world—and therefore too through the world of stars—as I explained in a lecture here not long ago.
True, in the present phase of evolution man does not meet Saturn directly; yet by a roundabout way—which we need not go into now—he does come into contact with the Saturn-beings. Within Saturn in effect, Beings of high perfection, very sublime Beings live—Beings who are in near relation to Seraphim, Cherubim and Thrones. Seraphim, Cherubim and Thrones are as it were the Beings nearest to them—nearest among the Hierarchies.
The sublime Beings, whom we may call the Saturn population, do not ray down to Earth or give to men from Saturn anything that can be found in the external, physical world. But they preserve the cosmic memory, the cosmic record. All facts and all events, both physical and spiritual, which the planetary system has undergone, all that the Beings within our planetary system have ever experienced—the Saturn-beings faithfully preserve it in memory. In recollection they are forever looking back on the entire life of the planetary system. Even as we look back in memory upon the limited range of our earthly life, so do the Saturn-beings—in their collective activity—cherish the cosmic memory of what the planetary system as a whole and all the beings in it have undergone.
For man himself, the spiritual forces living in this cosmic memory are present, inasmuch as he comes into relation with the Saturn-beings between death and a new birth, and also—more in picture-form—every night. Thereby the spiritual forces proceeding from the Saturn-beings—forces in which the deepest inner life of the planetary system is contained—are also working within man. Even as memory is our own deepest inner life on Earth, so too what lives in Saturn represents the innermost and deepest ‘cosmic I’ of the whole planetary system.
Inasmuch as these influences are also there in man, many things are going on in human life, of the significance of which we are for the most part quite unconscious—which none the less play the greatest imaginable part in our lives. What we are conscious of, is after all only a very small portion of our life.
Say for example there was an incisive moment, an all-important event in your life. You met another human being with whom you then went on through life together; or it was some other event, essential to your future life. If you look back in time from this event, you will be struck by the fact that something like a plan was leading you towards it, beginning long before. Something that happened, say, between your thirtieth and fiftieth year—follow it backward through your life and you will very likely find: ‘I entered on the path leading to this event when I was ten or twelve years old; all that then followed was leading up to it, so that I landed there.’
Elderly people, looking back contemplatively upon their life, will find that it all works out. They will be able to say: ‘There was a subconscious thread running through it all. Unconscious forces were impelling me to the decisive events of my life.’ These are the Saturn forces—forces implanted in us through our relation, such as has been indicated, to the ‘inner population’ of Saturn.
While therefore, of the Moon, only the physical forces of reproduction are there on Earth (for these are Lunar forces, once again, which remained at the Moon's departure), the very highest forces, namely the cosmic moral forces, are on Earth through Saturn. The source of cosmic equity, the great ‘restorer of the balance’ for all that happens upon Earth, is Saturn. And if the Moon-forces, now upon Earth, have to do only with heredity—heredity through father, mother and so on—the Saturn forces enter into human life through all that lives in Karma, from incarnation to incarnation. In this respect the other planets are intermediate between the two—they mediate between the physical upon the one hand and the highest ethical upon the other.
Jupiter, Mars and so on are there between Moon and Saturn. They in their several ways mediate what Moon and Saturn at the uttermost extremes bring into human life—the Moon inasmuch as its spiritual Beings have withdrawn, leaving behind with the earthly realm only the physical aspect, the physical force of propagation; and Saturn inasmuch as it represents the moral justice of the Universe in its highest aspect. These two are working together in that the other planets are there between them, waving the one into the other. Karma through Saturn, physical heredity through the Moon: these in their interrelation show how man upon his way from earthly life to earthly life is connected with the Earth itself and with the great Universe beyond the Earth.
As you will readily understand, my dear Friends, the science of today, fixing attention upon the earthly life alone, can only tell about a very little part of man. It tells a lot about the forces of heredity, yet even here it fails to see that these are Lunar forces left behind on Earth. It fails to relate them to the cosmic activities, transcending the mere earthly life, to which they properly belong. And it knows nothing at all about the destiny of Karma with which this earthly life is infused. Yet in reality, even as physical man is pulsated through and through by the living blood, so are the Beings bearing within them the vast memory of the planetary system with all its cosmic happenings, pulsating through man's Karma upon Earth. Looking into our own inner life, we must admit: We are true human beings only inasmuch as we have memory. Looking out into the planetary system with all its physical and spiritual happenings, and reaching upward to Initiation-science, we must equally admit: This planetary system would be void of inner life were it not for the inhabitants of Saturn preserving through the ages the memory, the cosmic past thereof, and also pouring ever down into mankind the forces springing from this preservation of the cosmic past, whereby all human beings are immersed in a living spiritual-moral nexus of causes and effects leading from earthly life to earthly life.
In earthly life, as to his conscious action, man is confined—in his relation to other men—within narrow limits. But if he takes into account what he experiences between death and new birth, there his relation to other human beings, who like himself will be discarnate, living no longer in physical bodies, reaches far wider circles. True, between death and re-birth he is at one time more in the neighbourhood of the Lunar influences and at another more in the neighbourhood of those of Saturn, Mars and so on. Yet through the cosmic spaces the one kind of planetary force interpenetrates the other. As upon Earth we work from man to man across the narrow confines of terrestrial space, so between death and new birth there is a working from planet to planet. The Universe then becomes the scene of man's activity and of the mutual relations between men. There between death and new birth, maybe the one departed soul is in the realm of Venus while the other is in Jupiter's domain; yet the interactions between them are far more intimate and tender than is possible within the narrow confines of earthly life. And even as the cosmic distances are called into play, to be the scene of action of the relations between human souls between death and new birth, so too the Beings of the Hierarchies are there, working throughout the cosmic spaces. We have to tell not only of the working of the several kinds of Beings—say, the inhabitants of Venus, or of Mars. We have to tell of the relations between the populations of Mars and Venus—a never-ending interaction, a constant to and fro of spiritual forces between the population of Mars and that of Venus amid the Universe.
This which goes on in the Universe between the populations of Mars and Venus—this everliving interplay in the spiritual Cosmos, the deeds of Mars and Venus fertilizing one another—all this again has its relation to man. Even as the Saturn-memory is related to human Karma, and the physical Lunar forces, left behind on Earth, to the external force of reproduction, so is the hidden spiritual interaction between Mars and Venus related to what appears in earthly life as human speech. For we could never speak by virtue of physical forces alone. It is the eternal being of man, going on from earthly life to earthly life, living in effect between death and new birth, which radiates into this outer world the gift of speech. Whilst as a spiritual being we are on our way from death to a new birth, we come into the sphere of action of the mutually fertilizing life which goes on between Mars and Venus—between the spiritual populations of Mars and Venus. Their spiritual forces, raying to and fro, co-operating, enter also into us ourselves upon our way from death to a new birth. This too is reproduced on Earth as in a physical picture, out of the innermost being of man, entering into the organs of speech and song. Never should we be able to speak through these organs if they were not physically kindled by the forces we receive into the depths of our being between death and new birth—forces derived from what is ever streaming to and fro in the Cosmos between Mars and Venus.
Thus in our daily life and action we are under the influence of the same spiritual forces, to the outward signs of which we look up with awe and wonder when we look out into the starry heavens. He alone is able to look up with inner truth who knows that in the stars, raying down to us from cosmic space, are to be seen the signs and characters of the great cosmic writing. For they are but the written signs of the great Universe—of the eternal, all-embracing spiritual life and process which also lives within us and of which we, once more, are but the image.
Long, long ago, in an instinctive atavistic clairvoyance, mankind had vision and perception of these things. The vision faded. If he had kept it, man could never have grown free. The ancient vision was therefore darkened. In compensation, the Mystery of Golgotha came into earthly life. A sublime Being from the population of the Sun came to Earth. He could not, it is true, bring to mankind all at once a consciousness of what is going on in yonder world of stars, but He brought with Him the forces whereby this consciousness can gradually be achieved.
Therefore it happened that to begin with, while the Mystery of Golgotha was taking place, a Gnostic wisdom was still there, inherited from olden time, through which the Mystery was understood This wisdom too then faded out; during the fourth century after Christ it vanished altogether. Yet the spiritual force which had come to Earth through Christ remained. Man can now call this force to life within him, if he once opens his eyes to the reality of spiritual worlds, as he can do through the communications of modern spiritual Science.
How much is yet to come to the humanity of modern time through looking thus once more to spiritual worlds! It is a striking fact: yonder in Asia, in more than one Asiatic, Oriental country, are living those who still preserve some relic of the old instinctive wisdom. They are the educated people, the true scholars, in the Oriental sense. No doubt this remnant of an ancient wisdom no longer belongs, in the best sense of the word, to our time; it needs to be replaced by a more conscious wisdom. And yet these bearers of an ancient and instinctive wisdom look down with not a little contempt upon the people of Europe and America. They are persuaded that their ancient Oriental wisdom even in its decadence, even the remaining rags and tatters of it, are preferable to the kind of knowledge of which Western civilization is so inordinately proud. Hence it is interesting to see a book recently published by a Cingalese, an Indian of Ceylon, The Culture of Souls among the Western Nations, wherein the author says to the Europeans, in effect: Since the Middle Ages your knowledge of the Christ has died out. No longer have you any real knowledge of the Christ, for he alone who can look up into the spiritual world can have real knowledge of the Christ. Hence you must first let teachers come to you from India, from Asia, to teach you Christianity again. You can actually read it in this book. A Cingalese Indian says to the Europeans: Teachers must come to you from Asia; they will be able to tell you what Christ really is. Your European teachers no longer know it. Since the decline of the Middle Ages you have lost your knowledge of the Christ.
Yet in reality it is for Europeans and Americans themselves once more to summon courage to look into the spiritual worlds from which the knowledge of the Christ, the wisdom of the Christ can be regained. Christ is the Being who came down from spiritual worlds into the earthly life. Therefore in His true inwardness He can only be understood in the light of the Spirit.
Upon this way it is also necessary for man to learn to look upon himself as a picture—an image of the spiritual Beings, spiritual realities and activities, on Earth. And he can do so best of all by permeating himself with such ideas and perceptions as I presented to you at the beginning of this lecture. Amid his conscious experiences in the stream of time he looks into the emptiness. He becomes conscious that his true Ego never descends from the spiritual world; that in the physical world he is but a picture. The real ‘I’ is not here in the physical world at all. He sees, as it were, a hole in time—a seeming darkness—and it is to this that he says ‘I’.
Man should therefore become aware of the deep significance of this fact. When he looks back and remembers his past life, he must admit: I see in memory the experiences I underwent from day to day, but there is ever and again a hole, a gap of darkness. It is this darkness which in my ordinary consciousness I call ‘I’. But I must now become conscious of something more than this.
I have summed up this ‘something more’ in a few words, which—as a kind of meditation reaching out to the true ‘I’—may be inscribed in the soul of every human being of our time. Ever repeatedly we may call to life in us these words of meditation, which I will write as follows:
I gaze into the Darkness.
In it there arises Light—
Living Light!
Who is this Light in the Darkness?
It is I myself in my reality.
This reality of the ‘I’
Does not enter into my earthly life.
I am but a picture of it.
But I shall find it again
When with good will for the Spirit
I shall have passed through the Gate of Death.
Entering ever and again into a meditative saying of this kind, we can confront the Darkness. We realize that here on Earth we are only a picture of our true Being—that our true Being never comes down into the earthly life. Yet in the midst of the Darkness, through our good will towards the Spirit, a Light can dawn upon us, of which we may in truth confess: This Light am I myself in my reality.
[Following the lecture Rudolf Steiner spoke a few words regarding the burning of the Goetheanum. See GA 228.]
Der Mensch Als Bild Geistiger Wesen Und Geistiger Wirksamkeiten
Es freut mich herzlich, daß ich an die beiden mich so befriedigenden Veranstaltungen in Ilkley und Penmaenmawr diesen Vortrag auch hier in unserem Zweige in London anschließen kann.
Es ist von mir bei früheren Betrachtungen in diesem Zweige erwähnt worden, wie der Mensch, indem er sein Tagewerk hier auf Erden von Tag zu Tag, von Jahr zu Jahr verrichtet, aus dem heraus arbeitet, was ihm physisch selbst als seine Körperlichkeit gegeben ist und womit er physisch mit dem irdischen Dasein verbunden ist. Solange man alles dasjenige betrachtet, was uns in der physischen Welt umgibt hier im Erdendasein, und was in das physische Dasein hineingefügt wird durch unsere eigene Arbeit, solange muß man selbstverständlich die Hauptaufmerksamkeit auf die Zeit richten, die der Mensch hier im Erdendasein während des Wachens zubringt. Aber ich habe es ja schon erwähnt, daß für das menschliche Dasein, selbst für das, was der Mensch sein kann auch im Erdendasein, wichtiger noch dasjenige ist, was sich mit dem Menschen zuträgt in den Zeiten, die er während seines Erdendaseins verschläft.
Wenn wir in irgendeinem Punkt unseres Erdendaseins zurückblicken auf das, woran wir uns erinnern können, so schließen wir ja eigentlich immer die Zeiten aus, die wir verschlafen haben, und wir fügen aneinander alles das, was wir vollbracht oder erlebt haben am Tage, in wachendem Zustande, und machen daraus gewissermaßen ein zusammenhängendes Ganzes.
Das aber würde nie da sein, wenn nicht die Schlafzustände dazwischenfielen. Und gerade wenn man das wirkliche Wesen des Menschen kennenlernen will, dann muß man auf diese Schlafzustände aufmerksam sein. Denn der Mensch könnte leicht sagen: Ich weiß ja nichts von dem, was da während des Schlafes ist. So wahrscheinlich das erscheint für das äußere Bewußtsein, so unwahr ist es eigentlich für die Wirklichkeit. Denn wenn wir zurückschauen würden in ein Leben, das niemals vom Schlafe unterbrochen wäre, so würden wir Automaten sein. Wir würden zwar geistige Wesenheiten sein, aber wir würden Automaten sein.
Wichtiger noch als die abwechselnden Schlafzustände von Tag zu Tag sind für das, was ich jetzt sage, die Zeiten, die wir als ganz kleines Kind durchschlafen, denn die Wirkungen dieses Schlafes bleiben uns für das ganze Leben, und wir fügen nur gewissermaßen ergänzend dasjenige hinzu, was uns jede Nacht geistig zuwächst während der späteren Schlafzustände. Wir würden Automaten sein, wenn wir wachend als Kind in die Welt hereintreten würden, wenn wir wachend blieben, niemals schliefen, und wir würden nicht nur Automaten sein, sondern wir würden auch nicht in der Lage sein, innerhalb dieses automatischen Zustandes irgend etwas bewußt zu tun. Nicht einmal das, was automatisch geschähe durch uns, würden wir als unsere Sache anerkennen. Denn wenn wir meinen, wir erinnern uns nicht an das, was wir durchschlafen haben, so ist das eben nicht ganz richtig. Wenn wir so zurückschauen und die Schlafzustände immer aus unserer Erinnerung herausfallen, so sehen wir eigentlich, indem wir auf das Nichts zurückschauen, an denjenigen Stellen der Zeit, wo wir geschlafen haben, in dieser oder jener Weise die Ereignisse, die wir wachend erlebt haben. Tatsächlich aber sehen wir, wenn wir zurückblicken, an den Stellen der Zeit, wo wir geschlafen haben, das Nichts. Wenn Sie eine weiße Wand haben und es ist an einer Stelle keine Farbe, sondern es ist ein schwarzer Kreis, so sehen Sie auch das Nichts: Sie sehen die Dunkelheit, oder meinetwillen, wenn es nicht ein schwarzer Kreis ist, sondern wenn es ein Loch ist und dahinter kein Licht, sehen Sie auch das Loch. Sie sehen die Dunkelheit. So sehen Sie die Dunkelheit in Ihrem Leben, wenn Sie zurückblicken. Die Zeiten, die Sie verschlafen haben, erscheinen Ihnen als Lebensdunkelheiten. Und zu diesen Lebensdunkelheiten, zu diesen Lebensfinsternissen sagen Sie «Ich». Sie hätten kein Bewußtsein vom Ich, wenn Sie nicht diese Dunkelheiten sehen würden. Sie verdanken es nicht dem Umstande, daß Sie vom Morgen bis zum Abend immer gearbeitet haben, daß Sie zu sich «Ich» sagen können; daß Sie zu sich «Ich» sagen können, verdanken Sie dem Umstande, daß Sie geschlafen haben. Denn das Ich, wie wir es im Erdendasein ansprechen, ist zunächst die Lebensfinsternis, die Leerheit, das Nichtdasein. Und wenn wir in der richtigen Art unser Leben betrachten, dann müssen wir in bezug auf unser Selbstbewußtsein nicht sagen, daß wir dieses dem Tag verdanken, sondern daß wir es der Nacht verdanken. So werden wir eigentlich erst durch die Nacht zu demjenigen, was den wirklichen Menschen ausmacht, während wir sonst Automaten wären.
Es ist schon so, daß, wenn wir in ältere Zeiten der Menschheitsentwickelung auf Erden zurückgehen, wir sehen, wie die Menschen zwar nicht Automaten waren, weil sie schon gewisse Unterschiede hatten zwischen Wachen und Schlafen, aber weil ihnen die Schlafzustände mehr oder weniger auch schon im gewöhnlichen Tagesbewußtsein bewußt waren, war ihr Handeln, ihr ganzes Erdenleben eben viel automatischer, als das Leben der Menschen in dieser Erdenzeit ist, in der wir jetzt leben.
Und so kann man sagen: Unser eigentliches wahres innerliches Ich, das nehmen wir eigentlich aus der geistigen Welt gar nicht in diese physische Erdenwelt mit. Wir lassen es immer in der geistigen Welt. Es war in der geistigen Welt, bevor wir heruntergestiegen sind zum Erdendasein. Es ist wiederum in der geistigen Welt zwischen dem Einschlafen und Aufwachen. Es bleibt immer in der geistigen Welt. Wenn wir bei Tag das gegenwärtige Bewußtsein als Mensch haben und uns ein «Ich» nennen, so ist dieses Wort «Ich» der Hinweis auf etwas, was nicht in dieser physischen Welt vorhanden ist, was in dieser physischen Welt nur sein Bild hat.
Und nicht richtig sehen wir uns an, wenn wir sagen: Ich bin dieser robuste Mensch auf Erden, ich stehe hier mit meinem wahren Wesen, sondern richtig sehen wir uns dann an, wenn wir sagen: Unser wahres Wesen ist in der geistigen Welt. Was hier auf Erden von uns ist, ist ein Bild, richtig ein Abbild von unserem wahren Wesen. — Das allerrichtigste ist, dasjenige, was auf Erden hier ist, gar nicht als den wirklichen Menschen anzusehen, sondern als das Bild des wirklichen Menschen.
Dieser Bildcharakter wird einem um so klarer, wenn man sich folgendes vorstellt. Denken wir uns schlafend. Das Ich ist weg vom physischen Leib und dem Ätherleib, der astralische Leib ist weg vom physischen Leib und Ätherleib. Aber das Ich wirkt ja im Blute und in den Bewegungen des Menschen. Die hören dann auf, weil das Ich weg ist im Schlafe; aber das, was im Blute ist, das wirkt ja fort, das Ich ist gar nicht dabei. Wir brauchen nur diesen physischen Leib anzuschauen, und wir müssen uns sagen: Wie ist es denn eigentlich mit ihm, wenn wir schlafen? Dann muß ja das Blut auch in irgendeiner Weise so durchwebt werden von etwas, wie es bei Tag beim Wachen durchwebt wird vom Ich. Ebenso der astralische Leib, der im ganzen Atmungsprozeß immer drinnen lebt. Der verläßt diesen Atmungsprozeß während der Nacht, aber der Atmungsprozeß geht fort! Da muß ja wieder etwas drinnen sein, was, wie im Tagesleben, wirkt als der Astralkörper. Wir verlassen diejenigen Organe in uns, die die Atmungsorgane zum Beispiel sind, mit unserem astralischen Leib während jedes Schlaflebens. Wir verlassen die Pulsationskräfte unseres Blutes mit unserem Ich. Was machen denn die während der Nacht? Nun, da ist es so, daß, wenn nun der Mensch im Bette liegengeblieben und sein Ich herausgegangen ist aus den blutpulsierenden Kräften, dann Wesenheiten der ersten höheren Hierarchie in diese blutpulsierenden Kräfte hineinziehen: dann leben Angeloi, Archangeloi und Archai in diesen selben Organen, in denen bei Tag, beim Wachen das Ich lebt. Und in den Atmungsorganen, die wir verlassen haben dadurch, daß unser Astralleib aus uns heraußen ist, da wirken in der Nacht die Wesen der nächsthöheren Hierarchie darinnen: Exusiai, Dynamis, Kyriotetes.
So daß die Sache so ist, daß, wenn wir abends beim Einschlafen unseren Auszug halten mit unserem Ich und unserem astralischen Leib aus unserer Tagesleiblichkeit, Engel, Erzengel und höhere geistige Wesenheiten in uns einziehen und unsere Organe, während wir draußen sind, weiter vom Einschlafen bis zum Aufwachen beleben. Und in bezug auf den Ätherleib sind wir nicht einmal beim Tagwachen imstande, dasjenige zu tun, was darinnen getan werden soll. Den müssen erfüllen die Wesenheiten der höchsten Hierarchie, die Seraphim, Cherubim und Throne, auch wenn wir wachen; die bleiben überhaupt immer darinnen.
Und dann unser physischer Leib! Wenn wir alles dasjenige, was in unserem physischen Leibe als großartige, gewaltige Vorgänge sich abspielt, selbst besorgen müßten, dann würden wir dieses nicht nur schlecht machen, sondern wir wüßten überhaupt nichts damit anzufangen, denn da sind wir ganz hilflos. Was die äußere Anatomie sagt über den physischen Leib, das würde nicht einmal ein Atom von ihm in Bewegung setzen können. Dazu gehören ganz andere Mächte.
Diese Mächte sind keine anderen als diejenigen, die seit uralten Zeiten genannt werden die Mächte der obersten Trinität, die Vater-, Sohnes- und Geistmächte, die eigentliche Trinität, die in unserem physischen Leibe wohnt.
So können wir sagen: Unser ganzes Erdenleben hindurch ist unser physischer Leib nicht unser; er würde durch uns selbst nicht seine Entwickelung durchmachen. Er ist, wie die alten Zeiten gesagt haben, der wahre Tempel der Gottheit, der dreifach erscheinenden Gottheit. Unser Ätherleib ist der Wohnplatz für die Hierarchie der Seraphim, Cherubim, Throne; unsere Organe, die dem Ätherleib zugeteilt sind, die müssen mitversorgt werden durch die Seraphim, Cherubim, Throne. Und das, was wir an physischen Organen und Ätherorganen haben, und was in der Nacht durch den astralischen Leib verlassen wird, das muß versorgt werden durch die zweite Hierarchie, Kyriotetes, Dynamis, Exusiai. Und was wir als Organe haben, die durch das Ich verlassen werden, das muß während der Nacht versorgt werden durch die dritte Hierarchie, durch die Angeloi, Archangeloi, Archai.
So ist ein fortwährendes Wirken im Menschen, das nicht nur von ihm selbst ausgeht. Er hat sozusagen nur als ein Unterwohner Wohnung während des Wachens in diesem seinem Organismus. Dieser sein Organismus ist zu gleicher Zeit die Tempel- und Wohnstätte der Geister der höheren Hierarchien.
Wenn wir dies ins Auge fassen, dann können wir uns sagen: Wir schauen eigentlich die äußere Gestalt des Menschen nur richtig an, wenn wir uns sagen, sie ist ein Bild, ein Bild des Wirkens aller Hierarchien. Die sind da drinnen. Und schaue ich dieses menschlich geformte Haupt an mit allen Einzelheiten, diesen übrigen menschlich geformten Körper, so schaue ich ihn nicht richtig an, wenn ich sage, er ist dieses oder jenes Wesen, sondern wenn ich sage, er ist ein Bild eines unsichtbaren übersinnlichen Wirkens aller Hierarchien. Erst wenn man in dieser Weise auf die Dinge hinschaut, spricht man richtig im einzelnen von dem, was sonst immer nur in einer starken Abstraktheit auseinandergesetzt wird.
Es wird gesagt, diese physische Welt ist nicht die Wirklichkeit, sie ist Maja, und die Wirklichkeit liegt dahinter. Aber damit kann man nicht viel anfangen. Das ist nur eine allgemeine Wahrheit, so wie wenn man sagt: Auf der Wiese wachsen Blumen. — Wie man ja auch da erst etwas anfangen kann, wenn man weiß, was für Blumen auf der Wiese wachsen, so kann man auch mit einem Wissen über die höhere Welt erst dann etwas anfangen, wenn man im einzelnen darauf hinweisen kann, wie die Wirksamkeit dieser höheren Welt ist in demjenigen, was einem äußerlich eben als Bild, als Maja, als Abglanz, als Offenbarung im Sinnlich-Physischen erscheint.
So steht der Mensch, als Ganzes betrachtet, nach seinem irdischen "Tagesleben und auch nach seinem irdischen Nachtleben, nicht nur in Beziehung zu dem, was physisch-sinnlich ihn umgibt hier im Erdendasein, sondern er steht in Beziehung auch zu der Welt der höheren Geistigkeit. Und so wie das, was als eine gewisse, man könnte sagen niedere Geistigkeit durch die Reiche der Natur hier auf Erden wirkt — mineralisches, pflanzliches, tierisches Reich -, so wirkt dasjenige, was von höherer Geistigkeit auf den Menschen wirksam ist, durch die Sternenwelt. So wie der Mensch, als ganzes Wesen betrachtet, zu den Pflanzen und Tieren, zu Wasser und Luft hier auf der Erde in Beziehung steht durch sein physisches Dasein, so steht er als ganzes Wesen auch in Beziehung zu der Sternenwelt, die nun auch nur Bild, Offenbarung ist dessen, was in Wirklichkeit eigentlich vorhanden ist. Und in Wirklichkeit sind eben jene Wesen der höheren Hierarchien da. Indem der Mensch zu den Sternen aufblickt, blickt er im Grunde genommen zu den Geistwesen der höheren Hierarchien auf, die ihm nur etwas wie ein symbolisches Licht ihres Daseins entgegenleuchten lassen, damit auch für das physische Dasein eine Andeutung desjenigen [gegeben] ist, was im Grunde genommen überall als Geistiges das Universum erfüllt.
Und so wie wir hier auf Erden eine gewisse Sehnsucht darnach haben, kennenzulernen den Berg, den Fluß, das Tier, die Pflanze, so sollten wir schon eigentlich auch Sehnsucht darnach empfinden, die Sternenwelt in ihrer Wahrheit erkennen zu lernen. Und in ihrer Wahrheit ist die Sternenwelt geistig. In Penmaenmawr drüben habe ich einiges angedeutet über die Geistigkeit des Mondes, so wie er uns jetzt gerade in dieser Phase der Erdenentwickelung aus dem Weltenraum herein erglänzt.
So wie wir eigentlich, wenn wir auf den Mond hinschauen, niemals ihn selbst sehen, höchstens eine spärliche Andeutung als Fortsetzung der beleuchteten Sichel, wie wir eben immer nur das zurückgeworfene Sonnenlicht sehen, nie den Mond selbst, so sind es überhaupt nur die vom Monde zurückgeworfenen Weltenkräfte, die zu uns kommen auf die Erde, nicht das, was im Monde selbst lebt. Es ist nur ein Teil, und zwar der geringste Teil dessen, was zum Monde gehört, daß er uns das Sonnenlicht auf die Erde zurückwirft. In Wahrheit wirft er uns alle physischen und geistigen Impulse, die aus dem Weltenall auf ihn wirken, wie ein Spiegel zurück. Und wie man das Hintere eines Spiegels nicht sieht, so sieht man das Innere des Mondes nie, aber in diesem Inneren des Mondes ist eine wirkliche geistige Bevölkerung mit hohen führenden Mächten. Diese hohen führenden Mächte und die andere Mondenbevölkerung waren einmal hier auf Erden, haben sich, allerdings in einer Zeit, die schon mehr als fünfzehntausend Jahre zurückliegt, von der Erde nach dem Monde zurückgezogen. Vorher hat auch der Mond physisch anders ausgesehen. Er sandte nicht einfach das Sonnenlicht auf die Erde herunter, sondern er mischte sein eigenes Wesen in dieses Sonnenlicht hinein. Nun, das braucht uns ja weniger zu interessieren. Aber das soll uns interessieren, daß der Mond heute wie eine Festung im Universum ist. Und in dieser Festung wohnt jene Bevölkerung, welche die Menschenschicksale schon vor mehr als fünfzehntausend Jahren absolviert hat, und die sich mit den Führern der Menschheit nach diesem Monde zurückgezogen hat.
Es gab einstmals hier auf der Erde fortgeschrittene Wesenheiten, die nicht in derselben Weise einen physischen Menschenleib annahmen wie die heutigen Menschen, die mehr in einem ätherischen Leibe lebten, aber dennoch für die damaligen Menschen auf Erden durchaus die großen Lehrer und Erzieher waren.
Diese großen Lehrer und Erzieher der Menschheit, die einstmals der Menschheit auf Erden die Urweisheit gebracht haben, jene hohen bewunderungswerten Urweisheiten, von denen Veden und Vedanta nur die Nachklänge sind, die leben heute innerhalb des Mondes und strahlen nur dasjenige auf die Erde nieder, was außer dem Monde im Weltenall lebt.
Es ist ja auf der Erde etwas zurückgeblieben von jenen Mondenkräften; allein das sind nur die physischen Fortpflanzungskräfte für Mensch und Tier. Nur das alleräußerste Physische ist zurückgeblieben, als einstmals in der alten atlantischen Zeit die großen Lehrer der Menschheit dem Monde nachzogen, nachdem er sich schon früher von der Erde zurückgezogen hatte.
So sehen wir, wenn wir nach dem Monde hinaufschauen, seine Wirklichkeit nur dann, wenn wir verstehen, daß da hohe geistige Wesenheiten, die einmal mit der Erde verbunden waren, es sich heute zur Aufgabe machen, nicht das, was sie selber in sich tragen, sondern was im Weltenall an physischen und geistigen Kräften vermittelt ist, auf die Erde zurückzustrahlen. Wer daher heute nach einer Initiationsweisheit strebt, der muß vor allen Dingen auch darnach trachten, in diese Initiationsweisheit hereinzubekommen dasjenige, was ihm mit ihren höheren Kräften diese Mondenwesen zu sagen haben.
Nun, das ist gewissermaßen eine Gestalt im Weltenall draußen, eine Kolonie, eine Ansiedelung; andere sind ebenso wichtig, namentlich diejenigen, die zu unserem Planetensystem gehören. Ich möchte sagen, am anderen Pol, am anderen äußersten Ende in bezug auf diese Wichtigkeit liegt für uns Erdenmenschen die Bevölkerung des Saturn.
Nicht in derselben Weise wie die Mondenbevölkerung war die Saturnbevölkerung mit der Erde verbunden. Daß eine Verbindung da war, können Sie aus meiner «Geheimwissenschaft im Umriß» ersehen. Aber nicht in derselben Weise wie die Mondenwesen sind die Saturnwesen mit dem Irdischen verbunden, sondern diese Saturnwesen strahlen nichts zurück von dem, was im Weltenraum ist. Kaum daß wir physisch Sonnenlicht vom Saturn zurückgestrahlt bekommen. Wie ein einsamer, wenig leuchtender Einsiedler zieht der Saturn langsam um die Sonne herum. Aber dasjenige, was die äußere Astronomie zu sagen weiß über den Saturn, das ist das allerallerwenigste. Was der Saturn für die Menschheit der Erde bedeutet, das tritt jede Nacht auf, aber nur im Bilde, insbesondere aber im Leben zwischen dem Tode und einer neuen Geburt, wenn der Mensch durch die geistige und damit durch die Sternenwelt hindurchgeht, wie ich es auch schon einmal in einem der Vorträge in diesem Zweige hier auseinandergesetzt habe.
Der Mensch begegnet ja nicht dem Saturn selber in der jetzigen menschlichen Entwickelungsphase, aber er kommt auf einem Umwege dennoch mit den Saturnwesen zusammen. Den Umweg will ich heute nicht charakterisieren. Aber um was es sich handelt, ist, daß innerhalb des Saturn Wesen wohnen von einer sehr hohen Vollkommenheit, äußerst erhabene Wesenheiten, Wesenheiten, die unmittelbar in einer inneren Beziehung zu Seraphim, Cherubim und Thronen stehen, für die eigentlich Seraphim, Cherubim und Throne die nächsten Wesen sind, die Wesen ihrer nächsten Hierarchie sind.
Diese Wesenheiten, diese Bevölkerung des Saturn, strahlen eigentlich vom Saturn zur Erde nichts nieder und geben nichts den Menschen, was in der äußeren physischen Welt ist. Dagegen bewahren die Saturnwesen das kosmische Gedächtnis, die kosmische Erinnerung. Alles, was das Planetensystem an physischen und geistigen Tatsachen durchgemacht hat, was Wesenheiten innerhalb unseres Planetensystems erlebt haben, das bewahren die Saturnwesen treulich im Gedächtnis. Die Saturnwesen schauen immer erinnernd zurück auf das ganze Leben des Planetensystems. Wie wir auf unser ganzes enges Erdenleben mit der Erinnerung zurückschauen, so haben - zusammen in ihren Wirkungen - Saturnwesen das kosmische Erinnern an all das, was das Ganze und jedes einzelne Wesen des Planetensystems durchgemacht hat. Und das alles, was da an Kräften in dieser Erinnerung lebt, das lebt für den Menschen dadurch, daß er zwischen dem Tode und einer neuen Geburt, eigentlich auch in jeder Nacht im Bilde, mit diesen Saturnwesen in eine Beziehung kommt. Dadurch wirken im Menschen die Kräfte, die ausgehen von diesen Saturnwesen, die eigentlich das tiefste Innere des Planetensystems darstellen. Denn wie die Erinnerung unser tiefstes Inneres auf Erden ist, so ist das, was im Saturn lebt, eigentlich das tiefste innere kosmische Ich des ganzen Planetensystems.
Dadurch, daß diese Wirkungen im Menschen sind, gehen im Leben die Vorgänge vor sich, die dem Menschen zum großen Teil ihrer eigentlichen Bedeutung nach unbewußt bleiben, die aber die denkbar größte Rolle im Leben des Menschen spielen. Das meiste, was im Leben bewußt vor sich geht, ist ja nur das geringste im Leben.
Wenn Sie irgendeinen tiefen Einschnitt irgendwo im Leben haben, ein maßgebendes Ereignis — Sie haben zum Beispiel irgendeinen anderen Menschen gefunden, mit dem Sie dann das weitere Leben gemeinsam zubringen, oder irgendein anderes ganz bedeutsames Ereignis — und Sie schauen von diesem Ereignis dann zurück, so werden Sie sehen, wie es Ihnen auffällt, daß es wie ein Plan ist, der Sie schon längst zu diesem Ereignis hingeführt hat. Manchmal können Sie für irgend etwas, was in Ihrem dreißigsten bis fünfzigsten Jahre auftritt, das Leben zurückverfolgen, und Sie finden: Ja, eigentlich habe ich den Weg zu diesem Ereignis schon mit zehn, zwölf Jahren angetreten; alles Spätere hat sich so gemacht, daß ich dann zuletzt landete bei diesem Ereignis.
Menschen, die alt geworden sind, die dann zurückblicken auf ihr Leben, finden sich, wenn sie sinnig zurückblicken, schon in dieser Weise im Leben zurecht, daß sie sich sagen können: Da ist ein solch unterbewußter Zusammenhang. Wir werden hingedrängt durch unbewußte Kräfte zu diesem oder jenem Ereignisse.
Das sind die Saturnkräfte, das sind die Kräfte, die in uns gepflanzt werden dadurch, daß wir in der angedeuteten Weise mit jener inneren Bevölkerung des Saturn in einem Zusammenhang stehen.
Und wenn auf der einen Seite jetzt vom Monde nur die physischen Fortpflanzungskräfte auf Erden vorhanden sind - die sind zurückgeblieben vom Monde -, so sind auf der andern Seite die höchsten, weil die kosmisch-moralischen Kräfte, durch den Saturn auf der Erde. Und der größte Ausgleicher für alle irdischen Ereignisse ist der Saturn. Und wenn die Mondenkräfte, wie sie jetzt auf Erden sind, nur etwas zu tun haben mit der Vererbung von Vater, Mutter und so weiter, so haben die Saturnkräfte mit unserem Menschenleben das zu tun, was im Karma lebt, was von Inkarnation zu Inkarnation geht. Und die anderen Planeten stehen dazwischen, vermitteln das, was das Physische ist und was das höchste Moralische ist.
Zwischen Mond und Saturn stehen dann Jupiter, Mars und so weiter. Sie vermitteln in ihrer Art dasjenige, was als die äußersten Extreme Mond und Saturn in das menschliche Leben hineintragen: der Mond dadurch, daß sich seine Geistwesen zurückgezogen und nur das Physische in der Erdenwirksamkeit, die physische Fortpflanzungskraft zurückgelassen haben, der Saturn die höchste moralische Gerechtigkeit des Universums. Diese zwei wirken zusammen, indem zwischen ihnen die anderen Planeten stehen und das eine mit dem andern verweben. Karma durch den Saturn vermittelt, physische Vererbung durch den Mond vermittelt, sie zeigen uns erst, wie der Mensch, indem er von Erdenleben zu Erdenleben geht, mit der Erde selbst und mit dem, was außerirdisch im Universum ist, zusammenhängt.
Sie können verstehen, daß die heutige physische Wissenschaft, die sich nur mit dem Erdendasein befaßt, eigentlich nur über das wenigste vom Menschen etwas zu sagen weiß. Sie weiß zwar viel zu sagen über die Vererbungskräfte, erkennt aber nicht, daß sie zurückgebliebene Mondenkräfte sind, weiß sie nicht zu beziehen auf ihre außerirdische Wirksamkeit, und weiß gar nichts von dem, was nun auch im Leben wirkt als das Karma, als das Schicksal, das von Erdenleben zu Erdenleben geht und das im wesentlichen durchpulst wird — so wie wir von der Blutpulsation als physische Menschen durchpulst werden - von den Wesenheiten, die das große Erinnern an das gesamte Planetensystem und sein Geschehen in sich tragen. Blicken wir in uns selber: Wir sind Menschen erst dadurch, daß wir ein Gedächtnis haben. Blicken wir auf das Planetensystem mit all seinen physischen und geistigen Vorgängen, so müssen wir uns, wenn wir an die Initiationsweisheit heranreichen wollen, sagen: Dieses ganze Planetensystem wäre eigentlich nichts Innerliches, wenn nicht die im Saturn wohnende Bevölkerung fortwährend das Gedächtnis, das Vergangene dieses Planetensystems bewahren würde, und die Kräfte, die aus dieser Bewahrung des Vergangenen ersprießen, immerfort auch in die Menschheit hineinversenken würde, so daß alle diese Menschen leben in einem lebendigen geistigen, moralischen Ursachenzusammenhang von Erdenleben zu Erdenleben.
Im Erdenleben ist der Mensch in seinem Verhältnis zum Menschen für das, was er bewußt vollbringt, in enge Grenzen gebannt. Wenn aber der Mensch in Betracht zieht, was er durchmacht zwischen dem Tode und einer neuen Geburt, so ist sein Verhältnis zu anderen Menschen, die dann auch entkörpert, nicht im physischen Körper sind, innerhalb weiterer Kreise verlaufend. Der Mensch ist allerdings zwischen dem Tode und einer neuen Geburt, man kann sagen, in einer gewissen Zeit mehr in der Nähe der Mondenwirkungen, in einer anderen Zeit mehr in der Nähe der Saturn-, der Marswirkungen und so weiter, aber die eine Art von Kräften wirkt immer über Weltenräume in die andere herüber. Und so wie wir hier nur durch engbegrenzte Erdenräume während des Erdendaseins von Mensch zu Mensch wirken können, so wird gewirkt zwischen dem Tode und einer neuen Geburt von Planet zu Planet. Es ist tatsächlich dann das Universum der Schauplatz des menschlichen Wirkens und auch der Verhältnisse der Menschen zueinander. Die eine Menschenseele ist vielleicht innerhalb des Venusbereiches, die andere innerhalb des Jupiterbereiches zwischen dem Tode und einer neuen Geburt, aber es bestehen da Wechselwirkungen von größerer Innigkeit, als sie in beschränktem Maße auf der Erde möglich sind. Und ebenso, wie zwischen den Menschenseelen Weltenweiten in den Schauplatz ihres Wirkens hingerufen werden zwischen dem Tode und einer neuen Geburt, so wirken auch die Geister der höheren Hierarchien durch solche Weltenweiten hindurch. Und daher können wir dort nicht nur von der Wirkung etwa der einzelnen Wesenheiten sprechen - sagen wir, der Venusbevölkerung oder der Marsbevölkerung -, sondern wir können auch sprechen von einer Beziehung der Venusbevölkerung zur Marsbevölkerung, von einer fortwährenden Beziehung, einem fortwährenden Hin- und Hergehen der Kräfte zwischen Marsbevölkerung und Venusbevölkerung in dem Universum.
Und was da vor sich geht im Universum zwischen der Bevölkerung des Mars und der Bevölkerung der Venus, was da fortwährend vor sich geht an Wechselbeziehung, was da im Kosmos, im geistigen Kosmos lebt als die gegenseitig sich befruchtenden Taten von Mars und Venus, das steht ja alles wiederum in Beziehung zum Menschen. So wie das Saturngedächtnis in Beziehung zum menschlichen Karma steht, wie die zurückgebliebenen, die physischen Mondenkräfte in Beziehung stehen zu der äußeren Fortpflanzungskraft, so steht dasjenige, was im Verborgenen des Geistigen fortwährend geschieht zwischen Mars und Venus, in Beziehung zu dem, was auf Erden hier am Menschen erscheint als die menschliche Sprache. Wir würden nicht sprechen können durch bloße physische Kräfte. Diese Sprachkraft ist auch von demjenigen Wesen des Menschen nach außen gestrahlt, das von Erdenleben zu Erdenleben sein Dasein vollbringt, das das Leben hat zwischen dem Tode und einer neuen Geburt. Und während wir als geistiges Wesen leben zwischen dem Tod und einer neuen Geburt, kommen wir auch in die Wirkungsweise dessen hinein, was befruchtend zwischen Mars und Venus, zwischen der Marsbevölkerung und der Venusbevölkerung geschieht. Diese hin- und herstrahlenden Kräfte, dieses Zusammenarbeiten, das wirkt auf uns in dem Leben zwischen dem Tod und einer neuen Geburt. Das lebt sich dann im physischen Bilde aus. Das ist es, was von dem innersten Menschenwerden heraus in die Sprach- und Gesangsorgane hineingeht.
Wir würden nicht sprechen können mit unseren Sprach- und Gesangsorganen, wenn sie physisch nicht angeregt wären von jenen Kräften, die wir in uns aufnehmen mit den Tiefen unseres Wesens zwischen dem Tod und einer neuen Geburt aus dem, was hin- und herströmt im Kosmos zwischen Mars und Venus.
So stehen wir in dem, was wir täglich tun, unter der Einwirkung derjenigen Kräfte, zu denen wir nur als zu ihren Zeichen bewundernd aufschauen, wenn wir auf die Sterne hinblicken. Erst derjenige vermag eben in der richtigen Weise zu den Sternen aufzublicken, der weiß, daß eigentlich in den Sternen, die aus dem Raume zu uns strahlen, nur die Schriftzeichen zu ersehen sind für das Universum, für das universellste geistige Geschehen, das in uns lebt und dessen Abbild wir sind.
Eine ältere Menschheit hat in einer älteren atavistisch-instinktiven Hellseherkraft eine Anschauung gehabt von alledem, aber diese Anschauung ist allmählich verglommen. Der Mensch hätte nicht frei werden können, wenn er die alte Anschauung behalten hätte. Diese alte Anschauung verfinsterte sich im Menschen. Dafür aber trat in das Erdenleben herein das Mysterium von Golgatha. Ein hohes Wesen der Sonnenbevölkerung hat zwar den Menschen nicht gleich das Bewußtsein bringen können von dem, was da in den Sternenwelten vor sich geht, aber die Kräfte dazu, sich dieses Bewußtsein nach und nach zu erwerben.
Daher kam die Sache auch so, daß zunächst, noch während das Mysterium von Golgatha geschah, eine alte gnostische Erbweisheit vorhanden war, durch die man das Mysterium von Golgatba begriffen hat. Die ist aber verschwunden, schon verschwunden im vierten nachchristlichen Jahrhundert. Die Kraft, die durch den Christus auf Erden gekommen ist, die ist geblieben. Und diese Kraft kann der Mensch in sich rege machen, wenn er durch das, was neuere Geisteswissenschaft zu sagen weiß, wiederum den Blick überhaupt sich eröffnet für die geistigen Welten.
Mit diesem Blick in die geistigen Welten wird so manches über die neuere Menschheit kommen. Es ist doch eine. merkwürdige Erscheinung, daß diejenigen Menschen, die sich heute noch etwas bewahrt haben von der alten instinktiven Weisheit — die ja nicht mehr zeitgemäß, im besten Sinne des Wortes nicht mehr zeitgemäß ist und durch eine bewußte Weisheit ersetzt werden muß -, daß diejenigen Menschen im Orient drüben, die sich in den verschiedensten Gegenden von Asien etwas von ihr bewahrt haben, die dort die Gebildeten, die Gelehrten sind, eigentlich auf Europa und Amerika in einer recht verächtlichen Weise herabsehen. Die sind überzeugt davon, daß selbst in dem heute dekadenten Zustand ihre alte asiatische Urweisheit, oder eigentlich die Fetzen derselben, die Reste derselben noch besser seien als alles das, was die westliche Zivilisation so hochmütig macht. Und interessant ist es immerhin, daß solch ein Buch erscheinen konnte, wie das eines ceylonesischen Inders: «The Culture of the Soul among the Western Nations». In diesem Buch «Kultur der Seele bei den westlichen Nationen» wird nichts Geringeres von einem ceylonesischen Inder den Europäern gesagt als dieses: Seit dem Mittelalter ist euer Wissen von dem Christus ausgestorben. Ihr habt gar kein wirkliches Wissen mehr von dem Christus, denn nur derjenige, der in die geistige Welt hineinschauen kann, kann ein wirkliches Wissen von dem Christus haben. Daher müßt ihr euch überhaupt Lehrer aus Indien oder Asien kommen lassen, die euch das Christentum lehren. — Sie können das in diesem Buche nachlesen, wie ein ceylonesischer Inder den Europäern sagt: Laßt euch Lehrer aus Asien kommen, die werden euch sagen können, was der Christus wirklich ist. Eure Lehrer in Europa wissen ja das gar nicht mehr. Seit das Mittelalter zu Ende gegangen ist, habt ihr das Wissen von dem Christus verloren. |
Und darauf kommt es an, daß allerdings die Europäer und Amerikaner von sich aus wieder den Mut gewinnen, zu jenen geistigen Welten hinzuschauen, in denen auch wiederum das ChristusWissen, die Christus-Weisheit gewonnen werden kann, denn der Christus ist das Wesen, das aus geistigen Welten ins Erdendasein heruntergestiegen ist, und das nur in seiner wahren Innigkeit begriffen werden kann, wenn man es vom Geiste aus begreift.
Dazu ist eben notwendig, daß der Mensch sich wirklich anschauen lernt als ein Bild geistiger Wesenheiten und geistiger Wirksamkeiten hier auf Erden. Das kann er am besten, wenn er sich recht durchdringt gerade mit solchen Anschauungen, wie ich sie heute im Beginne dieser Betrachtungen vor Sie hingetragen habe, wo der Mensch im Grunde genommen auf die Leerheit in seinen zeitlichen Erlebnissen hinschaut und sich bewußt wird, wie sein Ich ja aus der geistigen Welt gar nicht herunterkommt, wie er in der physischen Welt nur Bild ist, also sein Ich in der physischen Welt nicht da ist. Er sieht gewissermaßen ein Loch in der Zeit, das ihm eigentlich dunkel erscheint. Das ist dasjenige, zu dem er «Ich» sagt.
Deshalb sollte der Mensch gerade dieser höchst bedeutsamen Tatsache sich bewußt sein, daß er, rückerinnernd, in sein Leben zurückblicken und sich sagen muß: Ja, ich sehe da rückerinnernd die Tageserlebnisse, aber da hinein stellt sich die Finsternis immer wie ein Loch. Das, was finster ist, nenne ich im gewöhnlichen Bewußtsein Ich. Aber ich muß mir eines anderen bewußt werden.
Und dieses andere habe ich zusammengefaßt in einigen Worten, die als eine Art Meditation zur Gewinnung des Ich jedem Menschen der Gegenwart heute in die Seele geschrieben werden können, wenn wir öfter und öfter die Worte in uns rege machen, die ich in dieser Weise stellen möchte:
Ich schaue in die Finsternis:
In ihr ersteht Licht,
Lebendes Licht.
Wer ist dies Licht in der Finsternis?
Ich bin es selbst in meiner Wirklichkeit.
Diese Wirklichkeit des Ich
Tritt nicht ein in mein Erdendasein.
Ich bin nur Bild davon.
Ich werde es aber wieder finden,
Wenn ich,
Guten Willens für den Geist,
Durch des Todes Pforte gegangen.
Wir können uns immer wieder und wiederum durch Versetzen in solch einen Meditationsspruch hinstellen vor die Finsternis, uns klarmachen, wie wir eigentlich auf Erden nur das Bild desjenigen sind, was von unserem wahren Wesen niemals ins Erdendasein hinunterkommt, wie aber in der Finsternis uns eben durch den guten Willen zum Geist ein Licht aufgehen kann, von dem wir uns gestehen dürfen: Dieses Licht sind wir selbst in unserer Wirklichkeit.
Man as an Image of Spiritual Beings and Spiritual Activities
I am delighted to be able to follow up the two events in Ilkley and Penmaenmawr, which were so satisfying to me, with this lecture here in our branch in London.
I have mentioned in my earlier reflections in this branch how man, in performing his daily work here on earth from day to day, from year to year, works out of that which is physically given to him as his corporeality and with which he is physically connected with earthly existence. As long as one considers everything that surrounds us in the physical world here in earthly existence, and what is inserted into physical existence through our own work, one must naturally direct the main attention to the time that man spends here in earthly existence during waking hours. But I have already mentioned that what is more important for human existence, even for what man can be in earthly existence, is what happens to man in the times that he sleeps away during his earthly existence.
When we look back at what we can remember at any point in our earthly existence, we actually always exclude the times that we have slept through, and we add together everything that we have accomplished or experienced during the day, in a waking state, and to a certain extent make a coherent whole out of it.
But this would never be there if the states of sleep did not intervene. And if you want to get to know the true nature of man, then you have to pay attention to these sleep states. For man could easily say: I know nothing of what is there during sleep. As probable as this seems for the outer consciousness, it is actually untrue for reality. For if we were to look back into a life that had never been interrupted by sleep, we would be automatons. We would indeed be spiritual beings, but we would be automatons.
For what I am saying now, the times that we sleep through as a very small child are even more important than the alternating states of sleep from day to day, for the effects of this sleep remain with us for our whole life, and we only add to it, as it were, that which grows spiritually for us every night during the later states of sleep. We would be automatons if we entered the world awake as a child, if we remained awake and never slept, and we would not only be automatons, but we would also not be able to do anything consciously within this automatic state. We would not even recognize as our own what happens automatically through us. For if we think that we do not remember what we have slept through, that is not quite right. If we look back in this way and the states of sleep always fall out of our memory, we actually see, by looking back at nothingness, at those points in time where we slept, in this or that way, the events that we experienced while awake. But in fact, when we look back, we see nothingness in the places in time where we were asleep. If you have a white wall and there is no color in one place, but it is a black circle, you also see the nothingness: you see the darkness, or for my sake, if it is not a black circle, but if it is a hole and there is no light behind it, you also see the hole. You see the darkness. So you see the darkness in your life when you look back. The times you have slept through appear to you as the darknesses of life. And you say “I” to these life darknesses, to these life eclipses. You would have no consciousness of the ego if you did not see these darknesses. You do not owe it to the fact that you have always worked from morning to evening that you can say “I” to yourself; you owe it to the fact that you have slept that you can say “I” to yourself. For the I, as we address it in earthly existence, is first of all the eclipse of life, emptiness, non-existence. And if we look at our life in the right way, then with regard to our self-consciousness we must not say that we owe it to the day, but that we owe it to the night. Thus it is only through the night that we actually become that which constitutes the real human being, whereas otherwise we would be automatons.
It is true that if we go back to older times of human development on earth, we see how people were not automatons, because they already had certain differences between waking and sleeping, but because they were more or less aware of the states of sleep in their ordinary daytime consciousness, their actions, their whole life on earth was much more automatic than the life of people in this time on earth in which we now live.
And so one can say: We do not actually take our true inner self from the spiritual world into this physical earthly world. We always leave it in the spiritual world. It was in the spiritual world before we descended to earthly existence. It is again in the spiritual world between falling asleep and waking up. It always remains in the spiritual world. When we have the present consciousness as a human being by day and call ourselves an “I”, this word “I” is the indication of something that is not present in this physical world, that only has its image in this physical world.
And we do not look at ourselves correctly when we say: I am this robust human being on earth, I stand here with my true being, but we look at ourselves correctly when we say: Our true being is in the spiritual world. What we have here on earth is an image, really an image of our true nature. - The most correct thing is not to regard what is here on earth as the real human being, but as the image of the real human being.
This image character becomes all the clearer if we imagine the following. Let us imagine ourselves asleep. The I is away from the physical body and the etheric body, the astral body is away from the physical body and the etheric body. But the ego works in the blood and in the movements of the human being. These then cease because the ego is gone in sleep; but that which is in the blood continues to work, the ego is not there at all. We need only look at this physical body, and we must say to ourselves: What is it actually like when we sleep? Then the blood must also be interwoven with something in some way, just as it is interwoven with the ego during the day when we are awake. Likewise the astral body, which always lives inside the whole breathing process. It leaves this breathing process during the night, but the breathing process continues! There must be something inside again which, as in daytime life, acts as the astral body. We leave those organs in us which are the respiratory organs, for example, with our astral body during every sleeping life. We leave the pulsation forces of our blood with our ego. What do they do during the night? Well, when the human being has remained in bed and his ego has left the blood-pulsating forces, then beings of the first higher hierarchy move into these blood-pulsating forces: then Angeloi, Archangeloi and Archai live in these same organs in which the ego lives during the day, during waking. And in the respiratory organs, which we have left by the fact that our astral body is out of us, the beings of the next higher hierarchy work in them at night: Exusiai, Dynamis, Kyriotetes.
So that when we go to sleep in the evening with our ego and our astral body, angels, archangels and higher spiritual beings enter us and continue to animate our organs while we are outside, from the time we fall asleep until we wake up. And as far as the etheric body is concerned, we are not even able to do what should be done in it when we wake up during the day. It must be filled by the beings of the highest hierarchy, the seraphim, cherubim and thrones, even when we are awake; they always remain within it.
And then our physical body! If we had to take care of everything that takes place in our physical body as great, mighty processes ourselves, then we would not only do this badly, but we would not know what to do with it at all, because we are completely helpless. What the external anatomy says about the physical body, not even an atom of it would be able to set in motion. These powers are none other than those that since ancient times have been called the powers of the supreme Trinity, the Father, Son and Spirit powers, the actual Trinity that dwells in our physical body.
So we can say: Throughout our entire life on earth, our physical body is not ours; it would not undergo its development through us. It is, as the ancients said, the true temple of the Godhead, the threefold appearing Godhead. Our etheric body is the dwelling place for the hierarchy of seraphim, cherubim and thrones; our organs, which are assigned to the etheric body, must be supplied by the seraphim, cherubim and thrones. And that which we have as physical organs and etheric organs, and which is left in the night through the astral body, must be supplied by the second Hierarchy, Kyriotetes, Dynamis, Exusiai. And what we have as organs that are left by the ego must be supplied during the night by the third hierarchy, by the Angeloi, Archangeloi, Archai.
So there is a continual working in man that does not only emanate from himself. He dwells, so to speak, only as a sub-dweller during waking hours in this organism of his. This organism of his is at the same time the temple and dwelling place of the spirits of the higher hierarchies.
If we take this into consideration, then we can say to ourselves: We actually only look at the outer form of man correctly if we say to ourselves that it is an image, an image of the working of all the hierarchies. They are inside. And if I look at this humanly formed head with all its details, this remaining humanly formed body, I am not looking at it correctly if I say that it is this or that being, but if I say that it is an image of an invisible supersensible working of all the hierarchies. Only when you look at things in this way do you really speak in detail about what is otherwise only ever discussed in a highly abstract manner.
It is said that this physical world is not reality, it is Maja, and reality lies behind it. But you can't do much with that. It's just a general truth, like saying that flowers grow in the meadow. - Just as you can only do something with it if you know what kind of flowers grow in the meadow, you can only do something with knowledge about the higher world if you can point out in detail how the effectiveness of this higher world is in that which appears to you externally as an image, as maja, as a reflection, as a revelation in the sensory-physical.
So man, considered as a whole, after his earthly "day life and also after his earthly night life, is not only in relation to that which physically-sensually surrounds him here in earthly existence, but he is also in relation to the world of the higher spirituality. And just as that which works as a certain, one could say lower spirituality through the kingdoms of nature here on earth - mineral, vegetable, animal kingdom - so that which is effective on man from higher spirituality works through the world of the stars. Just as man, considered as a whole being, stands in relation to the plants and animals, to water and air here on earth through his physical existence, so he also stands as a whole being in relation to the starry world, which is now also only an image, a revelation of what is actually present in reality. And in reality those beings of the higher hierarchies are there. By looking up to the stars, man basically looks up to the spiritual beings of the higher hierarchies, who only let something like a symbolic light of their existence shine towards him, so that also for the physical existence a hint is [given] of that which basically fills the universe everywhere as spiritual.
And just as we here on earth have a certain longing to get to know the mountain, the river, the animal, the plant, so we should actually also feel a longing to learn to recognize the starry world in its truth. And in its truth the starry world is spiritual. In Penmaenmawr over there I have hinted at the spirituality of the moon as it shines out of the universe at this stage of earth's development.
Just as, when we look at the moon, we never actually see it itself, at most a vague hint as a continuation of the illuminated crescent, just as we only ever see the reflected sunlight, never the moon itself, so it is only the world forces reflected from the moon that come to us on earth, not what lives in the moon itself. It is only a part, and indeed the smallest part, of what belongs to the moon that it throws the sunlight back to us on earth. In truth, it reflects back to us like a mirror all the physical and spiritual impulses that affect it from the universe. And just as one does not see the back of a mirror, so one never sees the inside of the moon, but in this inside of the moon there is a real spiritual population with high guiding powers. These high leading powers and the other lunar population were once here on earth, but at a time more than fifteen thousand years ago they withdrew from the earth to the moon. Before that, the moon also looked physically different. It did not simply send sunlight down to the earth, but mixed its own essence into this sunlight. Well, that is of less interest to us. But we should be interested in the fact that the moon today is like a fortress in the universe. And in this fortress dwells that population which completed the destinies of men more than fifteen thousand years ago, and which has withdrawn to this moon with the leaders of mankind.
Once upon a time there were advanced beings here on earth who did not assume a physical human body in the same way as men do today, who lived more in an etheric body, but who were nevertheless the great teachers and educators for the people of that time on earth.
These great teachers and educators of mankind, who once brought the primal wisdom to mankind on earth, those high admirable primal wisdoms, of which the Vedas and Vedanta are only the echoes, live today within the moon and radiate down to earth only that which lives outside the moon in the universe.
There is indeed something left behind on earth of those lunar forces; but these are only the physical reproductive forces for man and animal. Only the outermost physical remained behind when the great teachers of mankind once followed the moon in the old Atlantean times, after it had already withdrawn from the earth earlier.
So, when we look up to the moon, we only see its reality when we understand that high spiritual beings who were once connected with the earth are now making it their task to radiate back to the earth not what they themselves carry within themselves, but what is imparted in the universe in physical and spiritual forces. Whoever therefore strives today for an initiatory wisdom must above all also strive to incorporate into this initiatory wisdom that which these lunar beings have to say to him with their higher powers.
Now, this is to a certain extent a figure in the universe outside, a colony, a settlement; others are just as important, namely those who belong to our planetary system. I would like to say that the population of Saturn lies at the other pole, at the other extreme end in terms of this importance for us earthlings.
The population of Saturn was not connected to the earth in the same way as the population of the moon. You can see from my “Secret Science in Outline” that there was a connection. But the Saturnian beings are not connected with the earthly in the same way as the lunar beings, but these Saturnian beings do not radiate anything back from what is in world space. Hardly do we physically receive sunlight radiated back from Saturn. Saturn moves slowly around the sun like a lonely, less luminous hermit. But that which external astronomy knows to say about Saturn is the very least. What Saturn means for humanity on Earth occurs every night, but only in the image, especially in the life between death and a new birth, when man passes through the spiritual and thus through the starry world, as I have already explained in one of the lectures in this branch.
Man does not encounter Saturn itself in the present human development phase, but he nevertheless comes together with the Saturnian beings by a detour. I will not characterize the detour today. But what it is about is that within Saturn dwell beings of a very high perfection, extremely exalted beings, beings who stand directly in an inner relationship to Seraphim, Cherubim and Thrones, for whom Seraphim, Cherubim and Thrones are actually the next beings, the beings of their next hierarchy.
These beings, these populations of Saturn, actually radiate nothing down from Saturn to earth and give nothing to humans that is in the outer physical world. In contrast, the Saturnian beings preserve the cosmic memory, the cosmic remembrance. Everything that the planetary system has gone through in terms of physical and spiritual facts, everything that beings within our planetary system have experienced, is faithfully preserved in the memory of the Saturnian beings. Saturnian beings always look back in memory on the whole life of the planetary system. Just as we look back on our entire narrow earthly life with memory, so Saturnian beings - together in their effects - have the cosmic memory of all that the whole and each individual being of the planetary system has gone through. And all the forces that live in this memory live for the human being through the fact that he comes into a relationship with these Saturnian beings between death and a new birth, actually also every night in the picture. In this way the forces emanating from these Saturnian beings, which actually represent the deepest inner being of the planetary system, work in the human being. For just as memory is our deepest inner being on earth, so that which lives in Saturn is actually the deepest inner cosmic self of the entire planetary system.
Because these effects are in the human being, processes take place in life that remain largely unconscious to the human being in terms of their actual meaning, but which play the greatest conceivable role in the life of the human being. Most of what happens consciously in life is only the least in life.
If you have some deep incision somewhere in life, a decisive event - for example, you have found some other person with whom you then spend the rest of your life together, or some other very significant event - and you then look back from this event, you will see how it strikes you that it is like a plan that has long since led you to this event. Sometimes you can retrace your life for something that occurs in your thirtieth to fiftieth year, and you find: Yes, I actually started on the path to this event when I was ten or twelve years old; everything that happened later was such that I ended up at this event.
People who have grown old, who then look back on their lives, find that when they look back sensibly, they can already find their way in life in such a way that they can say to themselves: There is such a subconscious connection. We are urged by unconscious forces to this or that event.
These are the forces of Saturn, the forces that are planted in us by the fact that we are connected in the indicated way with that inner population of Saturn.
And if, on the one hand, only the physical reproductive forces from the moon are now present on earth - they have remained behind from the moon - then, on the other hand, the highest, because the cosmic-moral forces, are on earth through Saturn. And Saturn is the greatest balancer for all earthly events. And if the lunar forces, as they are now on earth, only have something to do with the inheritance of father, mother and so on, the Saturnian forces have to do with our human life, what lives in karma, what goes from incarnation to incarnation. And the other planets stand in between, mediating that which is physical and that which is the highest moral.
Then Jupiter, Mars and so on stand between the Moon and Saturn. They mediate in their way that which the Moon and Saturn carry into human life as the outermost extremes: the Moon in that its spiritual beings have withdrawn and left behind only the physical in earthly activity, the physical power of reproduction, Saturn the highest moral justice of the universe. These two work together, the other planets standing between them and interweaving the one with the other. Karma mediated by Saturn, physical heredity mediated by the Moon, they only show us how man, in passing from earth-life to earth-life, is related to the earth itself and to what is extraterrestrial in the universe.
You can understand that the physical science of today, which is concerned only with earth-life, really knows little about man. It knows much to say about the forces of heredity, but does not recognize that they are residual lunar forces, does not know how to relate them to their extraterrestrial effectiveness, and knows nothing at all of that which now also works in life as karma, as fate, which passes from earth life to earth life and which is essentially pulsed through - just as we are pulsed through by the blood pulsation as physical human beings - by the beings who carry within themselves the great memory of the entire planetary system and its events. Let us look within ourselves: we are human beings only because we have a memory. If we look at the planetary system with all its physical and spiritual processes, then we must say to ourselves, if we want to reach the wisdom of initiation: This whole planetary system would actually be nothing inner if the population living in Saturn did not continually preserve the memory, the past of this planetary system, and if the forces that sprout from this preservation of the past were not also continually absorbed into humanity, so that all these people live in a living spiritual, moral causal connection from earthly life to earthly life.
In earthly life, man is confined within narrow limits in his relationship to man for what he consciously accomplishes. But if man considers what he goes through between death and a new birth, his relationship to other people, who are then also disembodied, not in the physical body, is within wider circles. Between death and a new birth, however, man is, one can say, at a certain time more close to the effects of the moon, at another time more close to the effects of Saturn, Mars and so on, but one kind of force always works across world spaces into the other. And just as we here can only work from person to person through narrowly limited earth spaces during our earthly existence, so we work from planet to planet between death and a new birth. The universe is indeed the scene of human activity and also of the relationships between people. One human soul may be within the realm of Venus, the other within the realm of Jupiter between death and a new birth, but there are interactions of greater intimacy than are possible to a limited extent on earth. And just as between the human souls world expanses are called into the scene of their work between death and a new birth, so also the spirits of the higher hierarchies work through such world expanses. And therefore we cannot only speak of the effect of the individual entities - let us say the Venus population or the Mars population - but we can also speak of a relationship between the Venus population and the Mars population, of a continuous relationship, a continuous back and forth of forces between the Mars population and the Venus population in the universe.
And what is going on in the universe between the population of Mars and the population of Venus, what is going on there continuously in interrelation, what lives there in the cosmos, in the spiritual cosmos as the mutually fertilizing acts of Mars and Venus, that is all in turn related to man. Just as Saturn's memory is related to human karma, just as the residual, physical lunar forces are related to the external reproductive force, so that which is constantly happening in the hidden spiritual realm between Mars and Venus is related to what appears here on earth in human beings as human language. We would not be able to speak through mere physical forces. This power of speech is also radiated outwards from that being of man which accomplishes its existence from earthly life to earthly life, which has life between death and a new birth. And while we live as spiritual beings between death and a new birth, we also enter into the mode of action of what happens between Mars and Venus, between the population of Mars and the population of Venus. These forces radiating back and forth, this cooperation, have an effect on us in the life between death and a new birth. This then lives itself out in the physical image. This is what goes from the innermost human becoming into the organs of speech and song.
We would not be able to speak with our organs of speech and song if they were not physically stimulated by those forces that we absorb into ourselves with the depths of our being between death and a new birth from that which flows back and forth in the cosmos between Mars and Venus.
So in what we do every day, we are under the influence of those forces to which we only look up in admiration as to their signs when we look at the stars. Only those are able to look up to the stars in the right way who know that actually in the stars, which radiate out of space to us, only the characters for the universe can be seen, for the most universal spiritual event that lives in us and whose image we are.
An older humanity had a view of all this in an older atavistic-instinctive clairvoyance, but this view has gradually faded away. Man could not have become free if he had retained the old view. This old view darkened in man. But instead, the Mystery of Golgotha entered earthly life. A high being of the solar population was not immediately able to bring to man the consciousness of what was going on in the starry worlds, but the powers to gradually acquire this consciousness.
This is why the matter came about in such a way that at first, while the Mystery of Golgotha was still happening, an old Gnostic hereditary wisdom was present, through which the Mystery of Golgotha was understood. But this has disappeared, already disappeared in the fourth century AD. The power that came to earth through Christ has remained. And man can awaken this power within himself if he opens his eyes to the spiritual worlds through what modern spiritual science has to say.
With this view into the spiritual worlds, many things will come over modern humanity. It is a strange phenomenon that those people today who have still preserved something of the old instinctive wisdom - which is no longer contemporary, in the best sense of the word no longer contemporary and must be replaced by a conscious wisdom - that those people in the Orient over there, who have preserved something of it in the most diverse regions of Asia, who are the educated, the scholars there, actually look down on Europe and America in a quite contemptuous way. They are convinced that even in today's decadent state their ancient Asian wisdom, or actually the shreds of it, the remnants of it, are still better than everything that makes Western civilization so arrogant. And it is interesting, after all, that such a book could appear as that of a Ceylonese Indian: “The Culture of the Soul among the Western Nations”. In this book, “The Culture of the Soul among the Western Nations”, nothing less is said to the Europeans by a Ceylonese Indian than this: Since the Middle Ages your knowledge of the Christ has died out. You no longer have any real knowledge of the Christ, for only those who can see into the spiritual world can have a real knowledge of the Christ. That is why you have to bring teachers from India or Asia to teach you Christianity. - You can read in this book how a Ceylonese Indian says to the Europeans: "Let teachers from Asia come to you, they will be able to tell you what the Christ really is. Your teachers in Europe no longer know that. Since the end of the Middle Ages, you have lost the knowledge of the Christ.
And it is important that Europeans and Americans regain the courage to look to those spiritual worlds in which the knowledge of Christ, the wisdom of Christ, can be gained, for the Christ is the Being who has descended from spiritual worlds into earthly existence and who can only be understood in his true intimacy when he is understood from the spirit.
For this it is necessary that man really learns to see himself as an image of spiritual beings and spiritual activities here on earth. He can do this best if he penetrates himself properly with precisely such views as I have brought before you today at the beginning of these reflections, where man basically looks at the emptiness in his temporal experiences and becomes aware of how his ego does not come down from the spiritual world at all, how he is only an image in the physical world, thus his ego is not there in the physical world. He sees, as it were, a hole in time that actually appears dark to him. That is the one to which he says “I”.
That is why man should be aware of this highly significant fact, that he, remembering back, must look back into his life and say to himself: Yes, I can see the experiences of the day, but the darkness is always like a hole. In ordinary consciousness I call that which is dark the ego. But I must become aware of something else.
And I have summarized this something else in a few words that can be written into the soul of every human being of the present day as a kind of meditation for gaining the I, if we more often and more often stir within us the words that I would like to place in this way:
I look into the darkness:
In it arises light,
living light.
Who is this light in the darkness?
I am it myself in my reality.
This reality of the I
does not enter into my earthly existence.
I am only an image of it.
But I will find it again,
when I,
of good will for the spirit,
have passed through the gate of death.
We can place ourselves in front of the darkness again and again by putting ourselves in such a meditation saying, realizing how we are actually on earth only the image of that which never descends from our true being into earthly existence, but how in the darkness a light can dawn on us through the good will of the spirit, of which we may confess: We ourselves are this light in our reality.