Awareness - Life - Form
GA 89
22 October 1904, Berlin
Planetary Evolution III
There are three terms we want to consider. We have to imagine that every spirit in the universe consists of three principles, as does the human being. We need not know the three principles for the other spirits, but they definitely exist:
- conscious awareness
- life
- form.
When we consider the entities that exist on our Earth we find that all of them take their form from the mineral world, as we call it. There is no other form principle for the human being within the Earthly world. This form of the mineral world can only be taken to a higher level by giving it life. A life form can only gain a centre by life coming to conscious awareness. Form, life and conscious awareness are therefore the three principles which every entity has. The human being thus consists of body, soul and spirit. We know that the soul extends into the body, creating the soul body. This is filled, as it were, with sentient soul. The higher principle always integrates itself into the lower. The soul has conscious awareness because the spirit integrates itself into the spiritual (or consciousness) soul. Because of this, the human being has threefold nature—form, life and conscious awareness.
Bringing the different spirits in the world before the mind’s eye, we can divide them into three kinds by using this definition:
- those where form predominates over the other two, life and awareness
- awareness may prevail over life and form
- all three may be in equilibrium.
For the present cycle we refer to
- Spirits where awareness is predominant—‘dhyani’. They have a powerful conscious mind.
- Spirits where conscious awareness, life and form are in equilibrium—called ‘substances’ in esoteric terms.
- Spirits where form is prevalent—the ‘elementals’. 55See note 13. In the lecture given in Berlin on 27 October 1905 (Foundations of Esotericism, note 13), the terms ‘planets (states of consciousness), rounds or elemental worlds (life), globes (conditions of form)’ are equated with the Christian terms ‘power, kingdom and glory’.
For the ‘substances’, some connection exists between dhyani and elementals. Human beings were in the substance state when they emerged from the elemental spirit state and combined with the soul. They were merely models, or forms, at that time. Human beings were beautifully luminous orbs at that time, with their souls floating around them. They were ‘substance’ in the middle of the Lemurian age. Today they have gone beyond the level of being at mere ‘substance’ level. They are in the process of dhyanic evolution. In esoteric terms the principle which was ready to take possession of those bodies in Lemurian times is called 'human'.
We now ask: What are these three kinds of spirits able to do? Firstly let us consider the entities where conscious awareness predominates. Their conscious awareness is more all-encompassing than their own life and their own form. They are therefore able to have power over other life and other forms. In Christian esoteric terms such spirits are called angels of the orbital periods. What makes a planet able to orbit the Sun? The fact that it has an angel of orbital period which is able to make it move in orbit. These are the planetary dhyani or spirits. The Earth thus has its own angel of orbital period, its Earth dhyan. Let me remind you of the ‘Earth spirit’ in Goethe's Faust . Its body is the whole astral matter of the Earth.56Spirits of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd elemental worlds. See Note 6.
The human being is in the process of becoming a planetary spirit. At present he is image of the godhead only in mineral terms, for he must still develop his astral, rupa-mental and arupa-mental nature. Then, at the end of the seventh round, he can become an angel of orbital period. The highest of the dhyan chohans will then say to him: ‘All animals and plants are given into your care.’ This will thus happen on the 7th day of creation. The human being will then be a dhyan chohan, a dhyanic cosmic spirit (chohan = cosmic spirit).
Secondly the spirits in whom form, life and conscious awareness are in equilibrium have power over form and are themselves guided by their conscious awareness. Spirits of this kind, which we know, are human beings who are at a certain level. They continue to develop and free themselves more and more of being under the control of their form, their lower nature. They seek to achieve something higher, which is awareness.
Thirdly, in the elemental spirits, form is mightier than life and conscious awareness, and their form thus needs to be controlled by conscious awareness and by life. They are the exact opposite of the dhyanic spirits. These can control more than just their form and life. In the elemental spirits form is more all-encompassing than life and conscious awareness. They therefore need a different life and a different conscious awareness to control their form. This means that elemental spirits have to lodge themselves in another kind of life and another kind of conscious awareness so that they may use it for themselves. They therefore retard the life and conscious awareness of others. The elementals are thus the spirits which hold evolution back. All parasitic life forms are governed by such elemental spirits. For us humans these life forms had already come to completion according to their kind in the lunar period, which is why form is predominant in them. They are now in decline, with their evolution in descent.
Animals with external skeletons, for example, have gone beyond evolution. Their inner development has dissolved, and they surround themselves with a horny layer on the outside (beetles, insects). They are preparing to subside into the eighth sphere. The ancient Moon also had an eighth sphere, a satellite Moon. Those life forms reached completion then, going beyond their evolution, and are now like overripe fruit. Spiders belong to the eighth sphere, for instance, and among plants, the mistletoe. Goethe therefore attributed the world of spiders and flies to Mephistopheles.57Goethe’s Faust I, ‘god of flies’, ‘lord of flies’. Anything parasitic is an outer reflection of elemental spirits living on the astral plane.
Before that the human being was also an elemental spirit. Not everything that is physical in him is destined to be redeemed. A cinder remains. This cinder, which remains there, is always present in the human being; because of it, the human being is under the influence of those astral elementals; the elemental nature which goes with it clings to him. Because of this, the human being is always connected with the principle which is inimical to his development, inhibiting and disrupting it. The spirits that cling to the human being are called 'Alben' in German mythology [elves, sprites, goblins, old English mære;—translator]. They appear vaguely in what are called 'nightmares', dreams where one thinks a spirit is sitting on one's chest. When you gain astral visions, you first of all see these spirits. (The 'dweller on the threshold' in Bulwer Lytton's Zanoni.)58Edward George Bulwer, Earl of Lytton (1803–1873). Zanoni; The Dweller of the Threshold, Book 4. It is a reflection of the human being’s astral knowledge of his mare, trying to fend off the enemy, a projection of an astral spirit in ourselves. It is the [lesser] guardian of the threshold. Someone unable to overcome his fear of the enemy within will usually turn back at the gate of initiation.
In the higher region of the astral plane, the [image of the] sphinx needs to be cast into the abyss before you are able to move ahead. The human being, who must develop, moves towards this moment. This is a developmental stage which people do not need to go through in the same way. It is possible for an individual to be guided through it with his eyes blindfold, as it were. If you are able to take moral nature to a higher level first, before you gain astral vision, the guardian of the threshold will appear less fearsome.
In the Atlantean race, it was above all the Turanians who gave themselves up to black magic and gained the greatest familiarity with the world of the elementals. Occult schools now put the main emphasis on practising the virtue of devotion, of selflessness and on moral development to equip people more effectively for the struggle. All occultists who continue to be ambitious, vain or self-seeking, get to know these retarding powers in evolution in a truly dreadful way, with these powers influencing them all the more strongly. We must love the teaching, be modest, humble and dedicated if we want to be sure of winning through. Evolution is retarded, held back by the elemental spirits, whereas it is accelerated by the dhyanic spirits.
Dritter Vortrag
Drei Begriffe wollen wir kennenlernen. Wir müssen uns vorstellen, daß jedes Wesen im Universum aus drei Gliedern besteht, so wie auch der Mensch. Doch brauchen uns die drei Glieder der anderen Wesen nicht alle bekannt zu sein. Sie sind aber für jedes Wesen vorhanden:
1. Bewußtsein,
2. Leben,
3. Form.
Wenn wir die Wesen auf unserer Erde betrachten, so finden wir, daß sie alle die Form haben von dem, was wir das Mineralreich nennen. Innerhalb der irdischen Welt gibt es keine andere Form für den Menschen. Diese Form des Mineralreiches kann nur dadurch höher heraufgehoben werden, daß sie belebt wird, und ein Zentrum kann jedes Wesen nur dadurch gewinnen, daß das Leben bewußt wird.
Darum sind Form, Leben und Bewußtsein die drei Prinzipien eines jeden Wesens. Der Mensch besteht dementsprechend aus Leib, Seele und Geist. Wir wissen, daß die Seele in den Leib hineinragt und so den Seelenleib bildet. Dieser ist gleichsam ausgefüllt mit dem Empfindungsleben. Das höhere Prinzip gliedert sich jedesmal in das niedere hinein; das niedere Prinzip hat Leben dadurch, daß sich das höhere hineingliedert. Die Seele hat Bewußtsein dadurch, daß der Geist sich in die Bewußtseinsseele hineingliedert. Dadurch ist der Mensch dreifach in seinem Wesen — als Form, Leben und Bewußtsein.
Wenn man sich die verschiedenen Wesenheiten in der Welt vorstellt, so kann man dieselben nach dieser Definition wieder in drei Arten gliedern:
1. diejenigen Wesenheiten, bei welchen die Form über die bei den anderen, Leben und Bewußtsein, vorhertscht;
2. kann das Bewußtsein über Leben und Form prävalieren [vorherrschen, überwiegen];
3. können alle drei im Gleichgewicht sein.
Man nennt nun für unseren Zyklus:
I. Wesenheiten, bei denen das Bewußtsein vorhertscht: Dhyanis. Sie haben ein mächtiges Bewußtsein.
II. Wesen, bei denen Bewußtsein, Leben und Form im Gleichgewicht sind, nennt man esoterisch Substanzen.
III. Diejenigen Wesenheiten, bei denen die Form prävaliert, sind Elementarwesen, Elementals (siehe Hinweis).
Bei den «Substanzen» herrscht eine gewisse Beziehung zwischen Dhyanis und Elementals. In dem Zustand der Substanzen war der Mensch, als er aus dem Zustand der Elementarwesenheit kam und sich mit der Seele vereinigte. Da waren die Menschen gleichsam nur Modelle, nur Formen. Die Menschen waren damals so etwas wie schönleuchtende Kugeln, die von ihren Seelen umschwebt wurden. In der Mitte der lemurischen Zeit war der Mensch «Substanz». Jetzt ist der Mensch hinausgegangen über den bloßen Grad der Substanz. Er ist auf dem Wege der dhyanischen Entwicklung. In der esoterischen Sprache nennt man das, was damals in.der lemurischen Zeit reif war, um von diesen Körpern Besitz zu ergreifen, den «Menschen».
Wir fragen nun: Was können diese drei Arten von Wesenheiten? Erstens: Nehmen wir zuerst diejenigen, bei denen das Bewußtsein vorherrscht. Sie haben ein umfassendes Bewußtsein, umfassender als ihr eigenes Leben und ihre eigene Form. Dadurch können sie Macht ausüben über anderes Leben und andere Formen. In der christlichen Esoterik nennt man solche Wesen: Engel der Umlaufzeiten. Wodurch kann ein Planet sich um sie Sonne bewegen? Dadurch, daß er getrieben wird von einem Engel der Umlaufzeit: das sind die planetarischen Dhyanis oder Planetengeister. Also hat auch unsere Erde einen eigenen Engel der Umlaufzeit, ihren Erd-Dhyan. Ich erinnere hier an den Erdgeist in Goethes «Faust»; sein Körper ist die ganze Astralmaterie der Erde.
Der Mensch ist auf dem Wege ein planetarischer Geist zu werden. Jetzt ist er aber nur mineralisch das Ebenbild der Gottheit, denn er muß noch sein astrales, rupamentales und arupamentales Wesen ausbilden. Dann kann er, am Ende der siebenten Runde, ein Engel der Umlaufzeit werden. Dann sagt der höchste Dhyan-Chohan zu ihm: Alle Tiere und Pflanzen sind dir übergeben. — Dies tritt also am 7. Schöpfungstage ein. Dann ist der Mensch ein Dhyan-Chohan geworden, ein dhyanischer Weltengeist (Chohan = Weltengeist).
Zweitens: Die Wesenheiten, bei denen Form, Leben und Bewußtsein im Gleichgewicht sind, üben Macht aus über die Form und werden selbst von ihrem Bewußtsein gelenkt. Die Wesen dieser Art, die wir kennen, sind die Menschen bis zu einer gewissen Stufe. Sie entwickeln sich dahin, sich immer mehr frei zu machen davon, daß sie von ihrer Form, von ihrer niederen Natur beherrscht werden. Sie streben zum Höheren, zum Bewußtsein hinauf.
Drittens: Die Elementargeister sind solche Wesen, bei denen die Form mächtiger ist als das Leben und das Bewußtsein, deren Form also von Bewußtsein und Leben beherrscht werden muß. Sie sind das genaue Gegenteil der dhyanischen Wesenheiten. Diese können mehr als ihre Form und ihr Leben beherrschen. Bei den Elementargeistern ist die Form umfassender als Leben und Bewußtsein. Sie fordern daher anderes Leben und anderes Bewußtsein zur Beherrschung ihrer Form. Das heißt, der Elementargeist muß sich in anderem Leben und anderem Bewußtsein festsetzen, um es für sich zu verwenden. Daher ist er der Retardierende, der anderer Leben und Bewußtsein zurückhält. So sind die Elementargeister die eigentlich hemmenden Wesen der Evolution. Alle parasitischen Wesenheiten werden beherrscht von solchen Elementargeistern. Sie sind diejenigen Wesenheiten für uns Menschen, welche in der lunarischen Epoche bereits in ihrer Art vollendet waren, daher prävaliert bei ihnen die Form. Sie fluten jetzt ab, sind in absteigender Entwicklung.
Über die Entwicklung hinausgestoßen sind zum Beispiel die Tiere, die ein Skelett außen tragen, die eingehüllt sind in ihr Skelett. Ihre Innenentwicklung hat sich aufgelöst, und von außen umgeben sie sich mit einer Hornschicht (Käfer, Kerbtiere). Sie bereiten sich vor für das Abfluten in die achte Sphäre. Der alte Mond hat auch eine achte Sphäre gehabt, einen Nebenmond. Diese Wesen sind damals fertig geworden, sie sind über ihre Entwicklung hinausgegangen und sind jetzt gleich einer überreifen Frucht. In die achte Sphäre gehören zum Beispiel die Spinnen, und unter den Pflanzen die Mistel. Das Reich der Spinnen und Fliegen schreibt Goethe deshalb dem Mephisto zu. Alles Parasitäre ist ein äußerer Ausdruck von den auf dem Astralplan lebenden elementarischen Wesenheiten.
Vorher war der Mensch selbst ein Elementarwesen. Nicht alles Physische am Menschen ist bestimmt, erlöst zu werden. Es bleibt vom Menschen eine Schlacke zurück. Diese Schlacke, die da zurückbleibt, ist im Menschen fortwährend vorhanden, daher steht er unter dem Einfluß der astralischen Elementarwesen; das dazugehörige Elementarwesen hängt ihm an. Der Mensch ist daher in fortwährender Verbindung mit dem, was ein hemmender Feind, ein Störenfried seiner Entwicklung ist. Die Wesenheiten, die sich dem Menschen anhängen, nannte man in der deutschen Mythologie die Alben. Sie treten in einer unbestimmten Gestalt auf im sogenannten Alptraum. Diese Träume äußern sich etwa so, daß man glaubt, ein Wesen setzt sich einem auf die Brust. Wenn man astral sehend wird, sieht man zuerst diese Wesen (The Dweller on the Threshold in Bulwers «Zanoni»). Es ist die Widerspiegelung der astralen Bekanntschaft des Menschen mit seinem Alb, ein Sich-Wehren des Menschen gegen seinen Feind. Das Wesen ist die Projektion eines astralen Wesens in uns selbst. Es ist der [kleine] Hüter der Schwelle. Der Mensch, der die Furcht vor dem inneren Feinde nicht überwinden kann, der kehrt gewöhnlich um beim Tor der Initiation.
Auf dem höheren Gebiet des astralen Planes ist es [das Bild] der Sphinx, die in den Abgrund gestürzt werden muß, ehe man weiterschreiten kann. Der Mensch, der sich entwickeln muß, geht diesem Augenblick entgegen. Aber nicht jeder Mensch muß diese Entwicklungsstufe in gleicher Weise durchmachen. Es ist möglich, daß er wie mit verbundenen Augen hindurchgeführt wird. Dadurch, daß wir unsere moralische Natur entwickeln, können wir überwinden. Wenn man die moralische Natur vorher höherbringen kann, ehe man in der Astralwelt sehend wird, wird die Erscheinung des Hüters der Schwelle weniger furchtbar.
In der atlantischen Rasse sind es hauptsächlich die Turanier, die sich der schwarzen Magie ergaben und in ausgiebigstem Maße mit der Elementarwelt bekannt geworden sind.
Um den Menschen besser zu dem Kampfe auszurüsten, wird jetzt in den okkulten Schulen ein Hauptgewicht gelegt auf die Ausübung der Tugend der Devotion, der Selbstlosigkeit, auf die moralische Erziehung. Alle Okkultisten, die ehrgeizig, eitel, selbstsüchtig bleiben, lernen diese retardierenden Kräfte in der Evolution in einer furchtbaren Weise kennen, die desto stärker auf ihn einwirken. Man muß die Lehre lieben, bescheiden sein, demütig, hingebend, um sicher zu sein, diesen Kampf bestehen zu können. Die Evolution wird durch die Elementarwesen retardiert, zurückgehalten, während sie durch die dhyanischen Wesen akzeleriert, beschleunigt wird.
Third Lecture
We need to familiarize ourselves with three concepts. We must form a mental image that every being in the universe consists of three parts, just like humans. However, we do not need to be familiar with all three parts of other beings. But they are present in every being:
1. Consciousness,
2. Life,
3. Form.
When we look at the beings on our Earth, we find that they all have the form of what we call the mineral kingdom. Within the earthly world, there is no other form for humans. This form of the mineral kingdom can only be elevated by being enlivened, and every being can only gain a center by becoming conscious of life.
Therefore, form, life, and consciousness are the three principles of every being. Accordingly, humans consist of body, soul, and spirit. We know that the soul extends into the body and thus forms the soul body. This is, as it were, filled with the life of feeling. The higher principle is always integrated into the lower; the lower principle has life through the integration of the higher. The soul has consciousness through the integration of the spirit into the consciousness soul. Thus, human beings are threefold in their nature — as form, life, and consciousness.
If we form a mental image of the various beings in the world, we can divide them into three types according to this definition:
1. those beings in which form prevails over the others, life and consciousness;
2. consciousness can prevail [dominate, predominate] over life and form;
3. all three can be in balance.
For our cycle, we now call:
I. Beings in which consciousness predominates: Dhyanis. They have a powerful consciousness.
II. Beings in which consciousness, life, and form are in balance are called esoterically substances. III. Those entities in which form prevails are elemental beings, elementals (see note).In the case of “substances,” there is a certain relationship between Dhyanis and Elementals. Man was in the state of substances when he emerged from the state of elemental being and united with the soul. At that time, human beings were, as it were, only models, only forms. They were something like beautifully glowing spheres surrounded by their souls. In the middle of the Lemurian period, humans were “substance.” Now humans have gone beyond the mere level of substance. They are on the path of dhyanic development. In esoteric language, what was ripe in the Lemurian period to take possession of these bodies is called “human.”
We now ask: What can these three types of beings do? First, let us take those in whom consciousness predominates. They have a comprehensive consciousness, more comprehensive than their own life and form. This enables them to exercise power over other life and other forms. In Christian esotericism, such beings are called angels of the cycles. How can a planet move around the sun? By being driven by an angel of the cycle: these are the planetary Dhyanis or planetary spirits. So our Earth also has its own angel of the cycle, its Earth Dhyan. I am reminded here of the Earth spirit in Goethe's “Faust”; its body is the entire astral matter of the Earth.
Human beings are on the way to becoming planetary spirits. At present, however, they are only the mineral image of the deity, for they still have to develop their astral, rupamental, and arupamental beings. Then, at the end of the seventh round, they can become angels of the cycle. Then the highest Dhyan-Chohan will say to them: All animals and plants are handed over to you. — This occurs on the seventh day of creation. Then man has become a Dhyan-Chohan, a dhyanic world spirit (Chohan = world spirit).
Secondly: Beings in whom form, life, and consciousness are in balance exercise power over form and are themselves guided by their consciousness. The beings of this kind that we know are human beings up to a certain level. They develop in such a way that they increasingly free themselves from being dominated by their form, by their lower nature. They strive toward the higher, toward consciousness.
Thirdly, elemental spirits are beings in whom form is more powerful than life and consciousness, whose form must therefore be dominated by consciousness and life. They are the exact opposite of dhyanic beings. The latter can dominate more than their form and life. In elemental spirits, form is more comprehensive than life and consciousness. They therefore require other life and other consciousness to control their form. This means that the elemental spirit must establish itself in other life and other consciousness in order to use it for itself. Therefore, it is the retarding force that holds back other life and consciousness. Thus, elemental spirits are the actual inhibiting beings of evolution. All parasitic entities are dominated by such elemental spirits. They are the beings for us humans that were already complete in their nature in the lunar epoch, which is why form prevails in them. They are now ebbing away and are in a state of declining development.Animals that have a skeleton on the outside, that are encased in their skeleton, have been pushed beyond development. Their internal development has dissolved, and they surround themselves with a layer of horn (beetles, insects). They are preparing to flow into the eighth sphere. The old moon also had an eighth sphere, a secondary moon. These beings were completed at that time, they have gone beyond their development and are now like overripe fruit. The eighth sphere includes, for example, spiders and, among plants, mistletoe. Goethe therefore attributes the realm of spiders and flies to Mephisto. Everything parasitic is an outward expression of the elemental beings living on the astral plane.
Previously, humans themselves were elemental beings. Not everything physical in humans is destined to be redeemed. A dross remains of the human being. This dross that remains is constantly present in the human being, which is why they are under the influence of astral elemental beings; the corresponding elemental being clings to them. The human being is therefore in constant connection with what is an inhibiting enemy, a troublemaker in their development. The beings that attach themselves to humans were called Alben in German mythology. They appear in an indeterminate form in so-called nightmares. These dreams manifest themselves in such a way that one believes a being is sitting on one's chest. When one becomes astral-sighted, one first sees these beings (The Dweller on the Threshold in Bulwer's “Zanoni”). It is the reflection of man's astral acquaintance with his nightmare, a defense of man against his enemy. The being is the projection of an astral being within ourselves. It is the [little] guardian of the threshold. The person who cannot overcome the fear of the inner enemy usually turns back at the gate of initiation.
On the higher realm of the astral plane, it is [the image] of the sphinx that must be cast into the abyss before one can proceed. The human being who must develop approaches this moment. But not every human being must go through this stage of development in the same way. It is possible that they will be led through as if blindfolded. By developing our moral nature, we can overcome. If one can raise one's moral nature before becoming sighted in the astral world, the appearance of the guardian of the threshold becomes less frightening.
In the Atlantean race, it is mainly the Turanians who surrendered to black magic and became thoroughly acquainted with the elemental world.
In order to better equip human beings for the struggle, occult schools now place great emphasis on the practice of the virtues of devotion and selflessness, on moral education. All occultists who remain ambitious, vain, and selfish will come to know these retarding forces in evolution in a terrible way, which will have an even stronger effect on them. One must love the teaching, be modest, humble, and devoted in order to be sure of winning this battle. Evolution is retarded and held back by the elemental beings, while it is accelerated and hastened by the dhyanic beings.