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Original Impulses for the Science of the Spirit
GA 96

20 October 1906, Berlin

IX. The Way to Higher Knowledge and Its Stages I: The Rosicrucian Way

A picture will be given of this way, and we shall also consider its fruits. You know some of the main aspects already, but even those of you who have heard lectures on the subject or read Lucifer,60From 1904 onwards the complete title of the journal was Lucifer-Gnosis; see Rudolf Steiner, an Autobiography, tr. R. Stebbing 1977, chapter 32. The passages from issue No. 32, to which Rudolf Steiner was referring, make up the chapter on 'Imagination' in his Stages of Higher Knowledge, tr. 1930. especially No. 32, will hear something that is new to you, for we are going to consider the subject in a way that is only possible when we are among ourselves like this, as students in the science of the spirit. It will essentially be a matter of considering the way in so far as it exists in the Western Rosicrucian tradition which has been spiritually guiding and directing European cultural life by means of hidden threads.

The Rosicrucian movement was working in completely hidden ways up to the last third of the 19th century. No book would tell people about true Rosicrucianism, and the matter was not for public discussion. In about the last thirty years, some of the Rosicrucian principles have been made known to the world in general through the theosophical movement; before that they were taught only in closely restricted groups. The most elementary principles are in many respects part of theosophy, as it is called today, but only the most elementary. It will only gradually be possible to let people gain deeper insight into the wisdom taught in European Rosicrucian schools from the end of the 14th century.

In the first place we have to understand that there is not just one way, but there are three to be considered. This should not be taken to mean that there are three different truths. The truth is one and one only, just as everyone has the same view from the top of a mountain. But there are different ways of getting to that mountain top. During the ascent, the view changes at every step. Only at the top and one can climb the mountain from different sides—does one have the full, open view as one sees it with one’s own eyes. It is the same with the three ways of gaining higher knowledge. One is the Oriental yoga way, the second the Gnostic Christian way, and the third the Rosicrucian Christian way. These three ways lead to the one and only truth.

There are three ways because people differ in nature here on this earth. We may distinguish three types of people in this respect. Just as it would not be right for people wanting to climb the mountain to choose a path that is not the nearest to them but a long way away, so it would not be right for people to chose a spiritual training that is not the right one for them. People still have rather confused ideas about this, even within the theosophical movement, which is still only in its early stages. Many people think that there is only one way, meaning the yoga path. But neither is the Oriental yoga way the one and only one, nor is it in fact the right one for people living within European civilization. Taking a superficial view, one might find it difficult to see what this is about, for basically speaking human nature does not seem to differ that much between the races. However someone with occult powers who considers the big differences between types of human beings, will find that something which may be right for Oriental people, and perhaps also for individual people in our own culture, is certainly not right for everyone. There are people, but only a few of them in the European context, who can follow the Oriental yoga way, but it is impossible for most Europeans. It creates illusions and destroys the soul. Eastern and Western nature may not seem that different at first sight, even to a modern scientist, but they are completely different. An Oriental brain, Oriental powers of imagination and an Oriental heart function very differently from the organs of Western people. You should never ask the things of Western people that you can ask of someone who has grown up in Oriental conditions. You'd have to believe that climate, religion and social life have no influence on the human mind and spirit to think that the external conditions under which someone goes through occult training do not matter. If you know the profound spiritual influence all these outer circumstances have on human nature, however, you will understand that the yoga way is suitable for only few Europeans, really only individuals who completely and radically tear themselves away from European conditions of life, and that it is not possible for people who remain within the European culture.

People who are still inwardly straight and honest Christians, to whom some of the main theses of Christianity still mean much, may chose the Gnostic Christian training. This does not differ much from the cabalistic way. Generally speaking, however, the Rosicrucian training is the only right one for Europeans. This will be considered today, with the different things people are asked to do and the fruits that beckon for those who choose it. No one should think that it is only for people with scientific training, or indeed academics. Any ordinary person can take it up. When one does take it up, one will soon be able to meet every objection based on European science that is raised against occultism. One of the main tasks of Rosicrucian masters was to arm those who followed the road to higher insight so that they would be able to defend occult knowledge and follow that road also in the world in general. An ordinary person who has just a few of the popular notions gained from modern sciences, or even none of them, but an honest desire to know the truth, will be able to take up the Rosicrucian way just as well as the most highly educated and academic people.

There are major differences in the three ways. The first concerns the relationship between pupil and occult teacher; the latter gradually becomes the guru or mediates the relationship to the guru. The nature of the Oriental yoga way is such that this relationship is the strictest imaginable. The guru is absolute authority to the pupil. If this were not so, the training would not give the right result. Oriental yoga training is quite impossible unless one makes oneself strictly subservient to the guru’s authority. With the Gnostic Christian and the cabalistic way, the relationship to the guru on the physical plane is less strict. The guru guides the pupils towards Christ Jesus, he acts as a mediator. With the Rosicrucian way the guru becomes more and more a friend whose authority is based on inner assent. The only possible relationship in this case is one of complete personal trust. The least bit of distrust between teacher and pupil would break the bond that has to exist between them, and then the powers that come into play between teacher and pupil would not longer be effective.

The pupil will sometimes have the wrong idea about his teacher’s role. It may easily seem to him that he simply must speak to the teacher at some point or another and often needs to be physically with him. Now it may sometimes be that a teacher must physically approach a pupil as a matter of urgent necessity, but this is not as often as the pupil may think. In the early stages a pupil cannot properly judge the influence the teacher has on him. A teacher has means that only gradually reveal themselves to the pupil. Many a word which the pupil thinks has been spoken at random is of tremendous significance. It continues to influence the pupil's soul at an unconscious level, like a guiding principle that gives him his direction. When a teacher makes rightful use of occult influences, the bond between him and his pupil will be a very real one. Then there are also influences sent from a distance, influences based on loving sympathy, which the teacher always has at hand and which the pupil will only come to recognize gradually as time goes on and he finds his way into the higher worlds. The one thing that is absolutely essential is the most complete trust; without this it would be better to undo the bond between teacher and pupil.

Brief mention will now be made of the rules that play a certain role in Rosicrucian training. They need not be exactly the way they are presented here. Depending on the person, their occupation and age, the teacher will have to select various elements from different areas and arrange them in one way or another. Only an overview will be given.

One thing that is extremely important in Rosicrucian training is not normally given much consideration in all occult training. This is clear, logical thinking, or at least the effort to do so. The first step is to give up all confused or biased thinking. One has to get used to seeing things as they are in the world, from a great, selfless points of view. The best way of doing this for an ordinary person wanting to follow the Rosicrucian way is to study the elementary things taught in the science of the spirit. There is no justification in saying: ‘What good will it do for me to study the things taught about higher worlds, human races and cultures, karma and reincarnation when I am unable to see and perceive these things for myself.’ It is not an acceptable objection, for working with these truths cleanses one’s thinking and disciplines it, so that one will then be ready for the steps that follow in occult training. In ordinary life people are generally very chaotic in their thinking. The guiding principles and stages of human development and planetary evolution made known by those able to perceive them bring order to one's thinking. All this is part of Rosicrucian training. The teacher will therefore ask the student to think himself into the elementary teaching of reincarnation and karma, the three worlds, the akashic record, the evolution of the earth and the human races. The whole elementary subject matter now taught in the science of the spirit is the best possible preparation for the ordinary person.

Those able to give greater acuity to their thinking and enter with greater intensity into the actual basic supporting structure of the human soul, may study the books that have been specially written to discipline people’s thinking. The books written for this purpose—and they may not actually include the word ‘theosophy’—are my Truth and Science and Philosophy of Spiritual Activity. One does of course write such books so that they may serve a purpose. People wishing to take their thinking through energetic training to enable them to take their studies further, will do well to subject their minds to the ‘mental and spiritual gymnastics’ these books demand. This will give them the foundation on which to build their Rosicrucian studies.

Observing the physical plane, you gain sensory impressions in colour and light, heat and cold, smell and taste, sensations of pressure and touch, and auditory perceptions. Thought and the rational mind are brought to bear on these. The rational mind and thought, are still part of the physical plane. You can perceive all these things on the physical plane. Perceptions gained on the astral plane look very different. And those made on the devachan plane are very different again, let alone those in even higher regions of the spirit. Someone who has not yet gained insight into the higher worlds can, however, picture them to himself. The way I habitually seek to describe things is also intended to provide images of those worlds. Anyone who then rises to the higher regions will see for himself how they influence him. We learn new things on each plane. One thing, however, remains the same through all worlds up to the devachan. It is trained logical thinking. Only on the buddhi plane will thinking no longer have the same value as on the physical plane, then a different way of thinking has to develop. But thinking is the same for the three worlds below the buddhi plane—the physical, astral and devachanic planes. If therefore you train your thinking well by means of study in the physical world, this thinking will prove a good guide in the higher world, so that you do not stumble as easily as someone who wants to ascend into regions of the spirit with confused thinking habits. Rosicrucian training therefore teaches people to move freely in the higher worlds by encouraging them to discipline their thinking. Reaching those worlds you will get to know ways of perceiving things that do not exist on the physical plane, but you will be able to control them with the thinking you have developed.

The second thing a student following the Rosicrucian way learns is vision in images. You prepare for this by gradually learning to enter into the kind of ideas expressed in images that represent the higher worlds in the sense of Goethe’s words ‘All things that are transient are but a likeness.’61Goethe, J. W. von. Faust 2, last scene, Chorus mysticus. The way we usually move through the physical world, we take in the things as they present themselves to the senses and not the things that are behind them. We shall only be free of this physical world when we learn to take the things that surround us as allegories or symbols. We therefore have to try and develop a moral relationship to them. Teachers will give directions on how external phenomena may be seen as symbols of spiritual elements, but pupils can also do a great deal themselves. You may look at an autumn crocus, for instance, and a violet. Seeing the autumn crocus as a symbol for a melancholy state of mind, I have taken it not just the way it presents itself on the outside, but as an allegory for a quality. The violet, on the other hand, may be seen as an allegory for a quiet, godly mind. You thus move on from one thing to another, from plant to plant, animal to animal, and see spiritual qualities reflected in them. This will make your ability to form ideas flexible, freeing it from the hard outlines of sensory perception. You may begin to see a quality reflected in every animal species, taking one animal to be the symbol of strength, another of cleverness. We have to pursue this seriously, wherever we are, and not be superficial about it.

Essentially the whole of human language is in symbols. Language is nothing but speaking in symbols. It has to be used even in science, where people feel the need to be objective in referring to things, and the words act as symbols. If you speak of the ala or wings of the nose, you know they are not wings, but they are given that name. For those who wish to remain on the physical plane it will be better not lose themselves too much in such symbolism, but advanced students will not lose themselves. Going into the matter one comes to realize the depths of our language in its original form.

Deep thinkers like Paracelsus62Paracelsus (Theophrastus Bombastus von Hohenheim, 1493–1541). German alchemist and physician. and Jakob Böhme63Mime, Jakob (1575–1624), theosophical mystic. His first biography was written by Abraham von Franckenberg (died 1652). Later biographies in German: Fechner H.A., Jakob Böhme, sein Leben und seine Schriften, Gorlitz 1857; Claasen J. Jakob Barnes Leben und seine theosophischen Werke, 3 Bde, Stuttgart 1885; Martensen H. Jakob Böhme, London 1949; in English: Hobhouse S. Jakob Böhme, His Life and Teaching 1950. partly owed their development to the fact that they did not hesitate to enter into conversation with country people and tramps and study the imaginative quality of language. At their time, words like ‘nature’, ‘spirit’ or ‘soul’ still had much more of an influence. A country woman plucking a feather from a goose would call the inner part of the feather its ‘soul’. The student must find such symbols in the language for himself. He then comes free of the physical world and learns to rise to seeing in images. When the world thus becomes parable, likeness, to the student, this has a powerful effect. If he practises this for long enough he'll notice the effects. Looking at a flower, for instance, something will gradually come away from the flower. The colour which at first was merely there on the flower's surface rises like a small flame and floats freely in space. The ability to see in images thus develops. It will be like this with all objects, as if their surface comes free. The whole of space fills with the colour which floats away in space like a flame. And so the whole world of light seems to withdraw and come apart from the physical reality. When such a colour image comes free to float in space, it soon begins to attach itself to something. It does not stop somewhere at random; it embraces an entity which then shows itself in the colour as a spiritual entity. The colour which the student has drawn away from the objects of the physical world clothes the spiritual entities in astral space.

This is the point where the occult teacher's counsel is needed; otherwise the pupils might easily lose the ground from under their feet, which may be for one of two reasons. One is that every pupil has to go through one particular experience. The ideas we gain of physical things, not only through colour, but also smell and sound, show themselves in peculiar, ugly and sometimes also beautiful forms—animal faces, shapes of plants and also ugly human faces. This first experience is a mirror reflection of one’s own soul. One's own passions and drives, the evil that still lies in the soul, appear in astral space before the pupil as though in a mirror. Pupils then need their occult teacher’s counsel; their teacher will tell them that this is not something objective but a mirroring of their own inner nature.

You’ll realize that the pupils depend on their teacher's counsel if we also consider the way in which such images appear. It has often been stressed that everything is the other way round in astral space, everything is in mirror images. The pupil may easily be misled by delusive visions, especially if they mirror his own nature. The mirror image of a passion not only presents itself as an animal coming towards you—that would be the least of your problems—but you also have to take something else into account. Let us assume someone has a really evil passion lying hidden within. Such a drive or an appetite will very often show itself in enticing forms in the reflection, whilst good qualities sometimes do not look at all attractive. This is something legend speaks of in a most beautiful way. You find an image of it in the myth of Hercules. As he set out on his way, his bad and good qualities presented themselves to him, with vice clad in the enticing form of beauty and virtue wearing the garment of unpretentiousness.

There is also something else. Even if a pupil is already able to see things objectively, there is always still the other possibility, which is that inner arbitrariness acts as a power that guides and directs the phenomena. Pupils have to learn to see through this and understand it, for wishes have tremendous power on the astral plane. Everything that gives direction here in the physical world will not be there when you enter into the world of images. If you’ve deceived yourself into thinking you have done something here on the physical plane when in fact you have not done it, you'll soon discover the truth of it, for the facts will show it to you on the physical plane. It is not like that in astral space. There your own wishes present illusory images to you, and you need the guidance of someone who knows how these imaginative images must be put together to show their true significance.

The third element in Rosicrucian training is to learn the occult script. What is this? There are certain images, symbols, shown in the form of simple lines or combinations of colours. Such symbols are a specific occult sign language. The following may serve as an example. There is a process in the higher world that also has an effect in the physical world—a rotating vortex. You can see this in a stellar nebula, the Orion nebula for instance. There you see a spiral. This, however, is on the physical plane. But you can also see it on all other planes. This (Fig. 8a) is a figure found in all kinds of configurations on the astral plane. If you understand this figure, you will also understand, with its aid, how one human race changes into another. When the first sub-race of our present root race came into being, the sun was in the sign of the Crab. At that time, therefore, one race swung into another; because of this the occult sign for the Crab is this (Fig. 8b). The signs of the zodiac are thus all occult signs. We only have to get to know and understand their significance.

spiral, crab, star
Fig. 8

The pentagram is another such sign (Fig. 8c). The pupils learn to connect particular inner responses and feelings with this sign. They are the counter image of things that happen in the astral world. This sign language, the occult script which pupils learn, is no more and no less than reflecting the laws of higher worlds. The pentagram thus is a sign for several things. Just as the letter B is used in many different words, so the signs of the occult script may have different meanings. The pentagram, the hexagram, the angle and other figures may be used together in occult writing which in itself is a signpost in the higher worlds. The pentagram is the sign for the five-fold human being, the sign for reticence, keeping silent, and also the sign behind the species soul of the rose. If you connect the petals of a rose in your picture, you have pentagram. Just as the letter B means something different in ‘band’ and in ‘bibber’, so do the signs signify different things in occult writing. You learn to arrange them in the right way. These are the signposts on the astral plane. Just as someone who is illiterate may be seen relative to someone who is able to read, so someone only seeing the images as images relates to someone who has learned the occult script. The letters used on the physical plane are often arbitrary, but originally they reflected the astral sign language. Take an ancient astral symbol, the staff of Hermes with the serpent. In our script it has become the sign E (Fig. 9).

Hermes staff
Fig. 9

Or take the W, which indicates the wave motion of water. It is the sign for the human soul and also for ‘word’. The M is nothing but the upper lip of man:

wavy em shape
Fig. 10

All this has grown more arbitrary in the course of evolution. On the occult planes, however, necessity rules. There you can live these things.

The fourth thing is the life rhythm, as it is called. People know very little of this in ordinary life. They go through life egoistically. Only children at school have a certain life rhythm still in their timetable, for the lessons of each day are repeated week after week. But who does such a thing in ordinary life? Yet we only progress to higher development by bringing rhythm, repetition, into our lives. Rhythm prevails everywhere in the natural world. Everything is arranged in rhythms—the movement of the planets around the sun, the annual appearance and fading away of plants, and even the animal world, the sexual life of the animals. Man alone is permitted to live without rhythm, so that he may act out of freedom. But he must bring rhythm into the chaos again by choice. A good rhythm is to do occult things at particular times each day. Pupils must therefore do their meditation and concentration exercises at the same time each day, just as the sun sends its energies down to the earth at the same time in spring. This is one way of bringing rhythm into life. Another way is to make one's breathing rhythmical, as instructed by the occult teacher. Breathing in, holding one’s breath and breathing out must be made rhythmical for a short time each day, and this is done under the occult teacher's experienced guidance. A new rhythm thus replaces the old one. Bringing such rhythm into life is one of the preconditions for ascent to the higher worlds. No one can do this without the guidance of a teacher. Here the aim is merely to tell you the principle of it.

The fifth thing is to learn the correspondence between microcosm and macrocosm, as it is called. It involves the teacher giving the pupils directions to concentrate their thoughts on certain parts of the body. Those of you who have heard the lecture on the way the senses relate to the higher worlds will remember that the whole world has a part in creating the physical body. The eye is created by the light, by the spirits active in the light. Every point in the physical body has a connection with a specific power in the cosmos. Consider the point at the root of the nose. There was a time when the etheric head extended well beyond the physical body. The Atlanteans still had a point on the forehead where the etheric head extended above the physical, as is still the case in horses and other animals today. The ether head of a horse still projects a long way today. In human beings, the ether body and the physical body have been made to coincide in the point I spoke of, and this allows them to develop the parts of the physical brain that enable them to say I to themselves. The organ which enables man to say I to himself is connected with a specific event during the Atlantean period of earth evolution. The occult teacher will instruct his pupil: ‘Direct your thoughts and concentrate them on this point.’ He’ll then give him a mantra64In another set of notes it says: He then spoke a particular word for them. This awakens a power in this part of the head which corresponds to a particular process in the macrocosm. Correspondence is thus established between microcosm and macrocosm. In the same way concentrating on the eye will give understanding of the sun. The whole organization of the macrocosm is thus found in the spirit in our own organs.

change in the shape of man's head
Fig. 11

When pupils have practised this for a sufficiently long time, they will be permitted to enter more deeply into the things they have discovered in this way. They can go to the akashic record for instance and choose the point in time during Atlantean evolution when the point at the root of the nose on which they have been concentrating came into existence, or they find the sun by concentrating on the eye. This sixth stage, entering deeply into the macrocosm, is called ‘contemplation’. It gives the pupils insight into the world, enabling them to take insight into their own nature beyond the personal level. This is different from le popular chit chat about self knowledge. You do not find your self by looking inside yourself, but only if you look beyond yourself. This is the same self which created the eye and brought forth the sun. To look for the part of your self that corresponds to the eye you have to look to the sun. You must perceive the world outside you to be your self Looking inside only leads to hardening in oneself, to a higher form of egoism. When people say: ‘I only have to let my self speak’, they have no idea of the danger this holds. Self knowledge must not be practised unless the pupils following the white path also practise self renunciation. If they learn to say ‘That is me’ to every thing around themselves, they are ripe to have self knowledge, as Goethe let Faust say:

Before my eyes
Opened by you, all living creatures move
In sequence: in the quiet woods, the air.
The water, ...65Goethe, J. W. von. Faust 1, in A Forest Cavern.

The parts of our self are everywhere out there. This is also shown in the myth of Dionysus, for example, and it is why Rosicrucian training puts such value on objective, calm contemplation of the outside world. ‘To see yourself in your reality, look in the mirror of the outside world and essence. You will perceive much more clearly what lives in your soul if you look in the eyes of your fellow human beings than if you concentrate on yourself and enter into your own soul. This is an important, essential truth, and no one who takes the white path dare ignore it. Today many people have transformed their ordinary egoism into a sophisticated egoism. They call it theosophical development when they take their ordinary, everyday self to the highest possible level. They really want to bring out the personal aspect. True occult insight will show, on the other hand, that the inner life opens up when we come to know our higher self in the world.

When the pupil has developed this attitude of mind in contemplation, with the self flowing out over all things, when he feels the flower that grows towards him just as he does the finger he moves towards himself, when he knows that the whole earth and the whole world is his body, he comes to know his higher self. He will then speak to the flower as to a part of his own body: ‘You are part of me, part of my self.’ He will gradually come to feel inwardly what is known as the seventh level of Rosicrucian training—being in harmony with God. This evolves as the element of feeling that guides the human being into the higher worlds, where he must not just think about the higher worlds but, learn to feel in these worlds. The fruits will then be apparent to him, if he endeavours to learn under the continued guidance of his teacher and he need not be afraid that this occult way might lead to an abyss. All the things referred to as dangers of occult development do not arise if development is guided along the right lines. When this happens, the occult seeker of the way becomes a true helper for humanity.

During the Imagination the possibility arises that the individual spends a particular part of the night in conscious awareness. The physical body will be asleep, as usual, but part of this sleep state will be filled with a life of dreams that have meaning and content. This is the first sign of entering into the higher worlds. Pupils will gradually bring their experiences across into ordinary consciousness. They then see the astral spirits everywhere in the world around them—also here, in this hall, among the chairs, or out in the woods and fields.

People reach three levels in the process of imaginative insight. At the first level they’ll perceive the spirits that are behind the sensory impressions gained in the physical world. There is a spirit behind the colour red or blue, behind every rose; every animal has its species or group soul behind it The individuals gain daytime clairvoyance. If the pupil waits a while longer, calmly practising the Imagination, and also entering deeply into occult writing, he will be day-clairaudient. The third level is where he gets to know all the things that are to be found in the astral world and draw human beings down, leading them astray into evil, and they are now really there to guide him upwards. You come to know kama loka.

With the fourth, fifth and sixth parts of Rosicrucian training—life rhythm, relationship between microcosm and macrocosm, contemplation of the macrocosm—pupils reach three more levels. At the first of these they gain insight into conditions of life between death and a new birth. This comes to them in devachan. The next level is the possibility of seeing how forms change into one another—transmutation, the metamorphosis of forms. Human beings have not always had the lungs they have today, for instance; lungs only go back to Lemurian times. During the preceding Hyperborean time human beings had a different form, and before that a different one again, which is because they were in the astral state, and before that because they were in devachan. One also says that at this level pupils get to know the relationship between the different globes,66Concerning 'globes', see Steiner R. At the Gates of Spiritual Science (GA 95). Tr. E. Goddard, C. Davy. London: Rudolf Steiner Press 1986; The Apocalypse of St John [= The Book of Revelation] (GA 104). Tr. J. Collis. London: Rudolf Steiner Press 1977. that is, they have direct perception of how one globe, or state of form, changes into another. Finally, before they move on to even higher worlds, they have direct perception of the metamorphosis of states of life. They perceive how the different spirits move through the different realms, or rounds and how one realm becomes another. After that they must move to yet higher levels, but these cannot be discussed today.

The things that have been said today will give you enough material to work with for the time being. You really have to work on these things. That is the first step towards reaching the heights. It is good to have the Rosicrucian way presented in an orderly fashion for once. It may be possible to travel on the physical plane even if one does not have a map, but on the astral plane it is necessary to have such a map. Consider the things I have said as a kind of map; this will be useful not only in this life but also when you go through the gate to the higher worlds. Those who gain these things from the science of the spirit will find that the map serves them well after death. The occultist knows that human beings often have a miserable time as they arrive on the other side and have no idea where they actually are in life and what it is that they are experiencing. People who have gone through the teachings of spiritual science know their way about and know how to characterize the things themselves. It would be of great benefit to humanity if people were not to shrink from setting out on the road to higher understanding.

Der Erkenntnispfad und Seine Stufen

Der rosenkteuzerische Geistesweg

Heute soll ein Bild des Erkenntnispfades gegeben werden, und es soll auch gezeigt werden, welches die Früchte dieses Pfades sind. Sie kennen einige Hauptgesichtspunkte, die dabei in Betracht kommen. Aber auch für diejenigen, die schon einschlägige Vorträge über den Erkenntnispfad gehört oder den «Lucifer», namentlich das zweiunddreißigste Heft gelesen haben, wird sich etwas Neues bieten, wenn wir den Erkenntnispfad so besprechen, wie es nur im intimen Kreise von Schülern der Geisteswissenschaft geschehen kann. Dabei wird es sich hauptsächlich darum handeln, diesen Erkenntnispfad zu besprechen, insofern er durch die rosenkreuzerische abendländische Geistesströmung vorgezeichnet ist, die seit dem 14. Jahrhundert die europäische Kultur an unbekannten Fäden geistig lenkt und leitet.

Die rosenkreuzerische Bewegung wirkte bis zum letzten Drittel des 19. Jahrhunderts ganz im Verborgenen. Was wirkliche Rosenkreuzerei war, konnte in keinem Buche gelesen werden, durfte auch nicht öffentlich ausgesprochen werden. Erst seit etwa dreißig Jahren sind einige der rosenkreuzerischen Lehren durch die theosophische Bewegung der Außenwelt bekanntgemacht worden, nachdem sie früher nur in streng geschlossenen Bünden gelehrt worden waren. Die elementarsten Lehren sind in dem, was man heute 'Theosophie nennt, vielfach enthalten - aber nur die elementarsten. Erst nach und nach ist es möglich, die Menschen tiefer hineinschauen zu lassen in die Weisheit, die seit dem Ende des 14. Jahrhunderts in jenen Rosenkreuzerschulen in Europa gepflegt worden ist.

Zunächst wollen wir uns klarmachen, daß es nicht nur eine Art von Erkenntnispfad gibt, sondern es kommen drei Arten in Betracht. Das ist jedoch nicht so aufzufassen, als ob es drei Wahrheiten gäbe. Die Wahrheit ist eine einzige, so wie sich allen, die auf dem Gipfel eines Berges stehen, die gleiche Aussicht eröffnet. Aber es gibt verschiedene Wege, um auf den Gipfel des Berges zu gelangen. Während des Aufstiegs hat man von jedem Punkt aus einen anderen Ausblick. Erst wenn man oben ist - und man kann den Gipfel von verschiedenen Seiten aus ersteigen -, hat man den freien vollen Ausblick nach der eigenen Perspektive. So ist es auch mit den drei Erkenntnispfaden. Der eine ist der orientalische Yogaweg, der zweite der christlich-gnostische Weg, der dritte der christlich-rosenkreuzerische Weg. Diese drei Wege führen zu der einzigen Wahrheit.

Es gibt drei verschiedene Pfade, weil auf unserem Erdenrund die Menschennaturen verschieden sind. Man hat drei Typen von menschlichen Naturen zu unterscheiden. Wie es nicht richtig wäre, wenn jemand, um auf den Bergesgipfel zu kommen, nicht den nächsten, sondern einen von ihm weit abliegenden Fußpfad wählen würde, so wäre es auch nicht gut, wenn ein Mensch einen anderen als den ihm angemessenen geistigen Pfad einschlagen wollte. Darüber herrschen heute auch innerhalb der theosophischen Bewegung, die sich erst noch aus ihrem Anfangsstadium herausentwickeln muß, vielfach recht verworrene Vorstellungen. Man denkt vielfach, daß es nur einen einzigen Erkenntnispfad gäbe, und meint, dies sei der Yogaweg. Nun ist aber der orientalische Yogaweg weder der einzige Erkenntnispfad, noch ist er für Menschen, die innerhalb des europäischen Kulturgebietes leben, auch nur der günstige. Wer die Sache nur von außen betrachtet, kann freilich kaum die Einsicht haben, worum es sich hier handelt, weil die menschliche Natur doch im Grunde genommen bei den verschiedenen Rassen nicht so verschieden erscheint. Wenn man aber mit okkulten Kräften die große Verschiedenheit der Menschentypen betrachtet, kommt man darauf, daß etwas, das für die Orientalen, vielleicht auch für ganz einzelne Menschen in unserer Kultur gut sein mag, durchaus nicht für alle richtig ist. Es gibt auch Menschen, aber nur wenige innerhalb der europäischen Verhältnisse, die den orientalischen Yogaweg gehen können. Für die allermeisten Europäer ist er aber ungangbar. Er bringt Illusionen und auch seelische Zerstörung mit sich. Mögen sie auch äußerlich, selbst in den Augen des heutigen Wissenschafters, nicht so verschieden erscheinen — die östliche und die abendländische Natur sind total verschieden. Ein morgenländisches Gehirn, eine morgenländische Phantasie und ein morgenländisches Herz, sie wirken ganz anders als die Organe des Abendländers. Was man einem Menschen zumuten kann, der unter östlichen Verhältnissen aufgewachsen ist, darf man nie und nimmer einem Abendländer zumuten. Nur wer glaubt, daß Klima, Religion und soziales Leben keinen Einfluß auf den menschlichen Geist hätten, könnte meinen, es sei einerlei, unter welchen äußeren Verhältnissen jemand eine okkulte Schulung durchmacht. Weiß man aber, welchen tiefgehenden geistigen Einfluß alle diese äußeren Umstände auf die menschliche Natur haben, so versteht man, daß sich der Jogaweg nur für wenige Europäer und eigentlich nur für solche eignet, die sich gründlich und radikal aus den europäischen Verhältnissen herausreißen, daß er aber für Menschen unmöglich ist, welche innerhalb der europäischen Kultur stehenbleiben.

Menschen, die heute noch innerlich aufrichtige und ehrliche Christen sind, die noch von gewissen Hauptsätzen des Christentums durchdrungen sind, mögen den christlich-gnostischen Weg wählen, der nicht sehr verschieden von dem kabbalistischen Weg ist. Für die Europäer ist aber im allgemeinen der rosenkreuzerische Weg der einzig richtige Pfad. Heute soll dieser europäische Rosenkreuzerweg besprochen werden, und zwar die verschiedenen Verrichtungen, die dieser Weg den Menschen vorschreibt, und auch das, was dem Menschen als Frucht winkt, wenn er diesen Erkenntnispfad geht. Niemand soll glauben, daß dies nur ein Weg für wissenschaftlich gebildete Menschen oder gar für Gelehrte sei. Der einfachste Mensch kann ihn beschreiten. Wenn man aber diesen Weg geht, wird man sehr bald in der Lage sein, jedem Einwand der europäischen Wissenschaft gegen den Okkultismus zu begegnen. Das war eine der Hauptaufgaben der rosenkreuzerischen Meister: diejenigen, die den Erkenntnispfad gehen, so auszurüsten, daß sie das okkulte Wissen verteidigen und diesen Pfad auch der Welt gegenüber durchführen können. Der einfache Mensch, der nur ein paar populäre Vorstellungen aus der modernen Wissenschaft oder auch gar nichts davon besitzt, aber einen ehrlichen Wahrheitsdrang in sich hat, wird den Rosenkreuzerweg ebenso gehen können wie der Gebildetste und Gelehrte.

Zwischen den drei Erkenntniswegen bestehen große Unterschiede. Der erste betrifft das Verhältnis des Schülers zu dem okkulten Lehrer, der allmählich der Guru wird oder das Verhältnis zum Guru vermittelt. Die Eigentümlichkeit des orientalischen Jogaweges bringt es mit sich, daß dieses Verhältnis das denkbar strengste ist. Der Guru ist unbedingte Autorität für den Schüler. Wenn das nicht der Fall wäre, könnte diese Schulung nicht den richtigen Erfolg haben. Eine orientalische Yogaschulung ist ohne eine strenge Unterwerfung unter die Autorität des Guru gar nicht möglich. Bei dem christlich-gnostischen und bei dem kabbaistischen Weg wird schon ein etwas loseres Verhältnis zu dem Guru auf dem physischen Plan vorausgesetzt. Der Guru führt den Schüler zu dem Christus Jesus hin, er ist der Vermittler. Und bei dem Rosenkreuzerweg wird der Guru immer mehr der Freund, dessen Autorität auf innerer Zustimmung beruht. Ein anderes Verhältnis als ein streng persönliches Vertrauensverhältnis ist hier nicht möglich. Würde auch nur ein klein wenig Mißtrauen zwischen Schüler und Lehrer entstehen, so würde das Band, das zwischen beiden bestehen muß, zerrissen werden und jene Kräfte, die zwischen Lehrer und Schüler spielen, würden nicht mehr wirken. Über die Rolle seines Lehrers wird sich der Schüler mitunter falsche Vorstellungen machen. Leicht wird es ihm vorkommen, als ob er da oder dort den Lehrer unbedingt sprechen, als ob er oft mit ihm physisch zusammen sein müßte. Zwar ist es manchmal eine dringende Notwendigkeit, daß der Lehrer an den Schüler physisch herantritt, aber das ist nicht so oft der Fall, wie der Schüler glauben mag. Die Wirkung, die der Lehrer auf den Schüler ausübt, kann dieser anfangs nicht in der richtigen Weise beurteilen. Der Lehrer hat Mittel, die sich erst allmählich dem Schüler enthüllen. Manches Wort, von dem der Schüler glaubt, es sei zufällig gesprochen, ist von großer Bedeutung. Es wirkt unbewußt in der Seele des Schülers wie eine Richtkraft fort, die ihn lenkt und leitet. Übt der Lehrer die okkulten Einflüsse richtig aus, dann ist auch das reale Band zwischen ihm und dem Schüler da. Dazu kommen dann die auf liebevoller Teilnahme beruhenden Wirkungen in die Ferne, die dem Lehrer immer zur Verfügung stehen und die sich dem Schüler erst später immer mehr enthüllen, wenn er Eingang in die höheren Welten findet. Aber unbedingt notwendig ist das absoluteste Vertrauen, sonst ist es besser, das Band zwischen Lehrer und Schüler zu lösen.

Nun sollen die Regeln, welche innerhalb der rosenkreuzerischen Schulung eine gewisse Rolle spielen, kurz Erwähnung finden. Die Dinge brauchen nicht genau so aufzutreten, wie sie hier aufgezählt werden. Je nach der Individualität, dem Beruf, dem Lebensalter des Schülers wird der Lehrer aus den verschiedenen Gebieten dies oder jenes herauszunehmen und es in dieser oder jener Weise anzuordnen haben. Nur eine Übersicht soll hier zur Kenntnisnahme gegeben werden.

Was bei der Rosenkreuzerschulung in hohem Grade notwendig ist, wird gewöhnlich bei aller okkulten Schulung nicht genügend beachtet. Es ist ein klares und logisches Denken — oder wenigstens das Streben danach. Zunächst soll alles verworrene oder vorurteilsvolle Denken ausgemerzt werden. Der Mensch hat sich daran zu gewöhnen, die Zusammenhänge in der Welt nach großen, selbstlosen Gesichtspunkten zu denken. Dazu ist der beste Weg, wenn man als schlichter Mensch diesen Rosenkreuzerpfad durchmachen will, das Studium der elementaren Lehren der Geisteswissenschaft. Es ist kein berechtigter Einwand, zu sagen: Was nützt es mir, die Lehren über die höheren Welten, über die Menschenrassen und Kulturen, über Karma und Reinkarnation zu studieren, da ich das alles doch nicht selbst sehen und wahrnehmen kann. — Es ist dies kein richtiger Einwand, denn gerade das Beschäftigen mit diesen Wahrheiten reinigt das Denken und diszipliniert es so, daß der Mensch reif für die anderen Maßnahmen wird, die zum okkulten Pfad führen. Der Mensch denkt im gewöhnlichen Leben meistens sehr ungeordnet. Die Richtlinien und Abschnitte der menschlichen Entwickelung und der planetatischen Evolution, die großen Gesichtspunkte, die von den Wissenden erschlossen werden, bringen das Denken in geordnete Formen. Alles dies ist ein Teil der rosenkreuzerischen Schulung. Man nennt dies das Studium. Daher wird der Lehrer dem Schüler anheimgeben, sich in die elementaren Lehren über Reinkarnation und Karma, über die drei Welten, die Akasha-Chronik, die Evolution der Erde und die Menschenrassen hineinzudenken. Der Umfang der elementaren Geisteswissenschaft, wie sie heute verbreitet wird, ist für den schlichten Menschen die beste Vorbereitung.

Denen aber, welche schärfer in das Denken hineingehen mögen, um sich noch intensiver auf das eigentliche Grundgerüst der menschlichen Seele einzulassen, seien zum Studium solche Bücher empfohlen, die gerade dazu geschrieben worden sind, um das Denken in disziplinierte Bahnen zu bringen. Die Bücher, die zu diesem Zwecke geschrieben worden sind — wenn auch in ihnen nicht das Wort Theosophie steht -, sind meine beiden Bücher «Wahrheit und Wissenschaft» und «Die Philosophie der Freiheit». Man schreibt ja solche Bücher, damit sie einen Zweck erfüllen. Diejenigen, welche auf Grund einer energischen Schulung des logischen Denkens an das weitere Studium herankommen wollen, werden gut daran tun, ihren Geist einmal dem «seelischen und geistigen Turnen» zu unterwerfen, welches diese Bücher erfordern. Das gibt ihnen den Grund, auf welchem das Rosenkreuzerstudium aufgebaut ist.

Wenn man den physischen Plan beobachtet, nimmt man gewisse Sinneseindrücke wahr, Farben und Licht, Wärme und Kälte, Geruch und Geschmack, Druck- und Tastempfindungen und die Gehörseindrücke. Man verbindet mit alledem die Gedanken- und Verstandestätigkeit. Der Verstand, der Gedanke gehört noch zum physischen Plan. Das alles können Sie auf dem physischen Plan wahrnehmen. Anders sind die Wahrnehmungen auf dem Astralplan, sie sehen ganz anders aus. Und wieder anders sind die Wahrnehmungen auf dem Devachanplan, geschweige in den noch höheren Geistgebieten. Der Mensch, der noch nicht einen Einblick in die höheren Welten erlangt hat, kann sich jedoch eine bildliche Vorstellung davon machen. Durch Bilder eine Anschauung von diesen Welten zu geben, wird auch in der mir geläufigen Darstellungsweise versucht. Wer dann in die höheren Gebiete aufsteigt, sieht selber, wie sie auf ihn wirken. Auf jedem Plan macht der Mensch neue Erfahrungen. Aber eines gibt es, das durch alle Welten hindurch bis hinauf zum Devachan dasselbe bleibt, das sich nicht ändert: Das ist das logisch geschulte Denken. Erst auf dem Buddhiplan hat das Denken nicht mehr die gleiche Geltung wie auf dem physischen Plan. Da muß ein anderes Denken eintreten. Aber für die drei Welten unterhalb des Buddhiplanes, für den physischen, astralen und devachanischen Plan, gilt überall das gleiche Denken. Wer sich also durch das Studium in der physischen Welt ordentlich im Denken schult, wird in den höheren Welten in diesem Denken einen guten Führer haben und nicht so leicht straucheln wie der, welcher mit verworrenem Denken in die Geistgebiete aufsteigen will. Daher lehrt die Rosenkreuzerschulung die Menschen, sich in den höheren Welten frei zu bewegen, indem sie dieselben dazu anhält, ihr Denken zu disziplinieren. Wer in diese Welten hinaufgelangt, lernt zwar Wahrnehmungsweisen kennen, die es auf dem physischen Plan nicht gibt, aber er wird sie mit seinem Denken beherrschen können.

Das zweite, das der Schüler auf dem rosenkreuzerischen Erkenntnispfade lernt, ist die Imagination. Sie wird dadurch vorbereitet, daß der Schüler selbst allmählich lernt, in solche bildlichen Vorstellungen einzudringen, die im Sinne des Goetheschen Wortes « Alles Vergängliche ist nur ein Gleichnis» die höheren Welten darstellen. So wie der Mensch gewöhnlich durch die physische Welt geht, nimmt er die Dinge auf, wie sie sich seinen Sinnen darstellen, aber nicht das, was dahinter ist. Er wird wie mit einem Bleigewicht in die physische Welt hinabgezogen. Der Mensch wird von dieser physischen Welt erst frei, wenn er lernt, die Dinge um sich herum als Sinnbilder zu nehmen. Deshalb muß er ein moralisches Verhältnis zu ihnen zu gewinnen suchen. Der Lehrer wird ihm auch dafür manche Anleitungen geben, um äußere Erscheinungen als Symbole für Geistiges zu betrachten, aber der Schüler kann auch selbst viel dazu tun. Zum Beispiel kann er eine Herbstzeitlose und ein Veilchen betrachten. Wenn ich in der Herbstzeitlose das Symbol für ein melancholisches Gemüt sehe, habe ich sie nicht nur so aufgefaßt, wie sie mir äußerlich entgegentritt, sondern als Sinnbild für eine Eigenschaft. Im Veilchen mag man dagegen das Sinnbild für ein stilles, frommes Gemüt erblicken. So gehen Sie von Gegenstand zu Gegenstand, von Pflanze zu Pflanze, von Tier zu Tier und betrachten sie als Sinnbilder für Geistiges. Dadurch machen Sie Ihr Vorstellungsvermögen flüssig und lösen es von den scharfen Konturen des sinnlichen Wahrnehmens los. Man kommt etwa dazu, in jeder 'Tiergattung das Sinnbild für eine Eigenschaft zu erblicken. Man nimmt das eine Tier als Symbol der Stärke, ein anderes als Symbol der Schlauheit. Nicht flüchtig, sondern ernst und auf Schritt und Tritt müssen wir solche Dinge zu verfolgen suchen.

Im Grunde spricht die ganze menschliche Sprache in Symbolen. Die Sprache ist nichts anderes als ein Sprechen in Symbolen. Jedes Wort ist ein Symbolum. Auch die Wissenschaft, die den Glauben hat, einen jeden Gegenstand nur objektiv zu bezeichnen, muß sich der Sprache bedienen, und ihre Worte wirken sinnbildlich. Wenn Sie von Lungenflügeln sprechen, so wissen Sie, daß das keine Flügel sind, aber Sie pflegen sie doch so zu bezeichnen. Für den, der auf dem physischen Plan bleiben will, wird es gut sein, sich nicht zu stark in dieser Symbolik zu verlieren, aber der fortgeschrittene Schüler wird sich auch nicht darin verlieren. Wenn man nachforscht, empfindet man, welche Tiefe ursprünglich in der menschlichen Sprache liegt. Solche tiefe Naturen wie Paracelsus und Jakob Böhme verdanken ihre Entwickelung mit dem Umstande, daß sie sich nicht scheuten, im Gespräch mit Bauern und Landstreichern die imaginative Bedeutung der Sprache zu studieren. Da wirkten die Worte Natur, Geist, Seele noch ganz anders. Sie wirkten stärker. Wenn draußen auf dem Lande die Bauersfrau der Gans eine Feder ausrupfte, nannte sie das Innere die Seele der Feder. Solche Symbole in der Sprache muß der Schüler selbst finden. Dadurch löst er sich von der physischen Welt los und lernt es, sich zur Imagination zu erheben. Es hat eine starke Wirkung, wenn so die Welt dem Menschen zum Gleichnis wird. Wenn der Schüler das lange genug übt, wird er entsprechende Wirkungen bemerken. Beim Anschauen einer Blume wird sich zum Beispiel nach und nach etwas von der Blume loslösen. Die Farbe, die zuerst nur an der Oberfläche der Blume haftete, steigt wie eine kleine Flamme auf und schwebt frei im Raume. So gestaltet sich die imaginative Erkenntnis heraus. Es ist dann bei allen Dingen so, als ob sich ihre Oberfläche loslöste. Der ganze Raum erfüllt sich mit der Farbe, die flammenartig im Raume verschwebt. Auf diese Weise scheint sich die ganze Lichtwelt aus der physischen Wirklichkeit herauszuziehen. Wenn sich ein solches Farbenbild herauszieht und frei im Raume schwebt, fängt es bald an, an etwas zu haften. Es drängt zu etwas hin, es bleibt nicht beliebig irgendwo stehen; es faßt eine Wesenheit ein, die nun selbst als geistige Wesenheit in der Farbe erscheint. Was der Schüler aus den Dingen der physischen Welt als Farbe herausgezogen hat, umkleidet die geistigen Wesenheiten des astralen Raumes.

Hier ist der Punkt, wo der Rat des okkulten Lehrers eingreifen muß, weil der Schüler sonst leicht den Boden verlieren kann. Dies könnte aus zwei Gründen geschehen. Der eine ist der folgende: Durch eine bestimmte Erfahrung muß jeder Schüler hindurchgehen. Die Vorstellungen, die sich aus den physischen Dingen herausschälen —es sind nicht nur Farben, sondern auch Geruchs- und Gehörvotrstellungen -, zeigen sich in merkwürdigen häßlichen, vielleicht auch schönen Gestalten, Tiergesichtern, Formen von Pflanzen, auch häßlichen Menschenantlitzen. Dieses erste Erlebnis stellt ein Spiegelbild der eigenen Seele dar. Die eigenen Leidenschaften und Triebe, das noch in der Seele ruhende Böse tritt vor den vorgeschrittenen Schüler wie in einem Spiegel im Astralraum auf. Da braucht er den Rat des okkulten Lehrers, der ihm sagt, daß das nichts Objektives ist, sondern ein Spiegelbild seiner eigenen inneren Wesenheit.

Daß er auf diesen Rat des Lehrers angewiesen ist, werden Sie begreifen, wenn noch etwas über die Art, wie solche Bilder auftreten, gesagt wird. Oft ist betont worden, daß im Astralraum alles umgekehrt ist, daß alles in Spiegelbildern auftritt. Der Schüler kann daher leicht durch Gaukelbilder irregeführt werden, namentlich wenn es sich um Spiegelungen seines eigenen Wesens handelt. Das Spiegelbild einer Leidenschaft tritt nicht nur so auf, daß es wie ein Tier ausschaut, das auf ihn zukommt — das wäre noch das geringste -, sondern man muß hier noch mit anderem rechnen. Nehmen wir an, in dem Menschen wäre eine verborgene recht böse Leidenschaft. Als Spiegelung erscheint ein solcher Trieb oder eine Begierde sehr häufig in verlockender Gestalt, während sich gerade gute Eigenschaften manchmal gar nicht verlockend ausnehmen. Wieder liegt hier etwas vor, was die Sage wunderbar dargestellt hat. Sie finden ein Bild dafür in der Herkulesmythe. Als Herkules seinen Weg antritt, stehen die bösen und die guten Eigenschaften vor ihm. Das Laster kleidet sich in die verführerische Gestalt der Schönheit, die Tugend aber in das Gewand der Anspruchslosigkeit.

Es kommt nun noch etwas anderes hinzu. Selbst wenn der Schüler bereits in der Lage ist, die Dinge objektiv zu sehen, so ist noch immer die andere Möglichkeit vorhanden, daß sich seine innere Willkür wie eine Kraft äußert, welche die Erscheinungen lenkt und leitet. Er muß es dahin bringen, daß er dies durchschaut und versteht, denn der Wunsch hat einen starken Einfluß auf dem astralen Plan. Alles, was als dirigierende Kraft hier in der physischen Welt wirkt, ist nicht vorhanden, wenn man in die imaginative Welt kommt. Wenn Sie sich auf dem physischen Plan einbilden, Sie hätten etwas getan, was Sie in Wahrheit nicht getan haben, dann werden Sie sich bald davon überzeugen, daß es sich nicht so verhält, indem Ihnen die Tatsachen auf dem physischen Plan entgegentreten. So ist es aber nicht im Astralraum. Da gaukeln Ihnen die eigenen Wünsche Bilder vor, da müssen Sie von einem Wissenden Anleitung haben, wie diese imaginativen Bilder zusammenzusetzen sind, um ihre wahre Bedeutung zu erkennen.

Das dritte in der Rosenkreuzerschulung ist das Lernen der okkulten Schrift. Was ist diese okkulte Schrift? Es gibt gewisse Bilder, Symbole, die durch einfache Linien hergestellt oder durch Farben aneinander gefügt werden. Solche Symbole stellen eine ganz bestimmte okkulte Zeichensprache dar. Um ein Beispiel zu erwähnen, sei das Folgende gesagt. Es gibt in der höheren Welt einen Vorgang, der sich auch in die physische Welt hinein auswirkt: das Drehen des Wirbels. Sie können das Drehen des Wirbels beobachten, wenn Sie einen Sternnebel, beispielsweise den Orionnebel, ansehen. Da sehen Sie eine Spirale. Nur ist das auf dem physischen Plan. Aber Sie können das auch auf allen Planen betrachten. Es stellt sich so dar, daß sich ein Wirbel in einen anderen hineinschwingt. Das (a) ist eine Figur, die auf dem Astralplan bei allen möglichen Bildungen vorkommt. Wenn Sie diese Figur verstehen, begreifen Sie durch sie auch, wie eine Menschenrasse sich in eine andere verwandelt. Beim Entstehen der ersten Unterrasse unserer gegenwärtigen Hauptrasse stand die Sonne gerade im Zeichen des Krebses. Damals schlang sich also eine Rasse in die andere hinein; deshalb hat man für den Krebs das okkulte Zeichen (b). So sind die Tierkreiszeichen alle okkulte Zeichen. Man muß nur ihre Bedeutung kennenlernen und verstehen.

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Ein solches Zeichen ist auch das Pentagramm (c). Der Schüler lernt, mit diesem Zeichen besondere Empfindungen und Gefühle zu verbinden. Sie sind das Gegenbild von astralen Vorgängen. Diese Zeichensprache, die als okkulte Schrift gelernt wird, ist nichts anderes als die Wiedergabe der Gesetze höherer Welten. So ist das Pentagramm ein Zeichen, das Verschiedenes ausdrückt. Wie der Buchstabe B bei den verschiedensten Worten verwendet wird, so können auch die Zeichen der okkulten Schrift mannigfache Bedeutungen haben. Das Pentagramm, das Hexagramm, der Winkel und andere Figuren lassen sich zu einer okkulten Schrift zusammensetzen, und diese ist wieder ein Wegweiser in den höheren Welten. Das Pentagramm ist das Zeichen für den fünfgliedrigen Menschen, ferner das Zeichen der Verschwiegenheit, aber auch das Zeichen, das der Gattungsseele der Rose zugrunde liegt. Wenn Sie die Blütenblätter der Rose im Bilde verbinden, bekommen Sie das Pentagramm heraus. Wie das B in den Worten Band und Beben jeweils etwas anderes besagt, so bedeuten also auch die Zeichen in der okkulten Schrift Unterschiedliches. Man lernt sie in der richtigen Weise anordnen. Das sind die Wegweiser auf den astralen Plan. Geradeso wie sich ein Analphabet zu einem Leser auf dem physischen Plan verhält, verhält sich jemand, der nur die Bilder als solche sieht, zu einem solchen, der die okkulte Schrift gelernt hat. Auf dem physischen Plan sind die Schriftzeichen vielfach willkürlich, ursprünglich waren sie aber Abbilder der astralen Zeichensprache. Nehmen Sie ein uraltes astrales Symbol, den Hermesstab mit der Schlange. Das ist in unserer Schrift zum Zeichen E geworden.

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Oder nehmen Sie das Zeichen W, welches die Wellenbewegung des Wassers bezeichnet. Es ist das Seelenzeichen des Menschen, zugleich das Zeichen für das Wort. Das M ist nichts anderes als die nachgebildete Oberlippe. Im Laufe der Entwickelung ist das alles mehr willkürlich geworden. Auf den okkulten Planen herrscht dagegen Notwendigkeit. Da kann man diese Dinge leben.

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Das vierte ist der sogenannte Lebensrhythmus. Einen solchen Rhythmus kennen die Menschen im profanen Leben sehr wenig. Sie leben egoistisch darauf los. Höchstens für die Kinder in der Schule bedeutet der Stundenplan noch einen gewissen Lebensrhythmus, denn da wiederholt sich der Ablauf der täglichen Schulstunden von Woche zu Woche. Aber wer tut das im gewöhnlichen Leben? Dennoch steigt man zu einer höheren Entwickelung nur dadurch auf, daß man Rhythmus, Wiederholung in sein Leben hineinbringt. In der ganzen Natur herrscht Rhythmus. Im Gang der Planeten um die Sonne, im jährlichen Erscheinen und Verblühen der Pflanzen, bis ins Tierreich, bis ins sexuelle Leben der Tiere hinein ist alles rhythmisch geregelt. Erst dem Menschen ist es gestattet, damit er frei handeln kann, auch ohne Rhythmus zu leben. Aber er muß aus freien Stücken wieder Rhythmus in das Chaos hineinbringen. Ein guter Rhythmus besteht darin, täglich zu bestimmten Zeiten okkulte Verrichtungen vorzunehmen. Deshalb muß der Schüler seine Meditations- und Konzentrationsübungen zur selben Stunde vollziehen, so wie die Sonne zur selben Zeit im Frühling ihre Kräfte zur Erde hinuntersendet. Das ist ein solches Rhythmisieren des Lebens. Ein anderes ist das, was nach Anweisung des okkulten Lehrers als Rhythmisierung des Atmungsprozesses auftritt. Das Einatmen, Atemhalten und Ausatmen muß für eine kurze Zeit des Tages in einen Rhythmus gebracht werden, der von den Erfahrungen der okkulten Lehrer bestimmt ist. So wird durch den Menschen ein neuer Rhythmus an die Stelle des alten gesetzt. Eine solche Rhythmisierung des Lebens gehört zu den Vorbedingungen für ein Aufsteigen zu den höheren Welten. Aber niemand kann das ohne die Anleitung eines Lehrers tun. Es sollte hier nur zur Kenntnis gebracht werden, worum es sich grundsätzlich handelt.

Das fünfte ist dasjenige, was man das Lernen der Entsprechung zwischen dem Mikrokosmos und Makrokosmos nennt. Es besteht darin, daß der Lehrer dem Schüler Anleitung gibt, seine Gedanken auf bestimmte Körperteile zu konzentrieren. Diejenigen, welche den Vortrag über die Beziehung der Sinne zu den höheren Welten gehört haben, werden sich erinnern, daß die ganze Welt an dem Zustandekommen des physischen Leibes beteiligt ist. Das Auge ist vom Licht geschaffen, von den Geistern, die im Lichte wirken. Jeder Punkt des physischen Leibes steht im Zusammenhang mit einer bestimmten Kraft im Kosmos. Betrachten wir den Punkt an der Nasenwurzel. Es gab eine Zeit, da der ätherische Kopf über den physischen Leib weit herausragte. Noch bei den Atlantiern war an der Stirn ein Punkt, wo der ätherische Kopf über den physischen herausstand, wie es noch jetzt beim Pferde und anderen "Tieren der Fall ist. Beim Pferde ragt auch heute der Ätherkopf weit heraus. Beim heutigen Menschen ist der genannte Punkt im Ätherkopf und im physischen Kopf zur Deckung gebracht, und das gibt ihm die Fähigkeit, solche Teile des physischen Gehirns zu entwickeln, welche es ihm ermöglichen, zu sich Ich zu sagen. Das Organ, welches den Menschen dazu befähigt, zu sich Ich zu sagen, hängt mit einem ganz bestimmten Vorgang während der atlantischen Erdenentwickelung zusammen. Nun weist der okkulte Lehrer seinen Schüler an: Lenke deine Gedanken und konzentriere sie auf diesen Punkt! Dann gibt er ihm ein Mantram. Dadurch wird in diesem Teile des Kopfes eine Kraft geweckt, die einem bestimmten Vorgang im Makrokosmos entspricht. Auf solche Weise wird eine Korrespondenz zwischen dem Mikrokosmos und dem Makrokosmos hervorgerufen. Durch eine entsprechende Konzentration auf das Auge wird auch die Erkenntnis der Sonne erlangt. Man findet so die ganze Organisation des Makrokosmos geistig in seinen eigenen Organen.

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Wenn der Schüler das genügend lange geübt hat, darf er dazu übergehen, sich in die Dinge, die er so aufgefunden hat, hineinzuversenken. Zum Beispiel kann er in der Akasha-Chronik jenen Zeitpunkt in der atlantischen Epoche aufsuchen, in welchem an der Nasenwurzel der Punkt zustande gekommen ist, auf den er sich konzentriert hat. Oder er findet die Sonne, indem er sich auf das Auge konzenttiert. Diese sechste Stufe, das Versenken in den Makrokosmos, nennt man die Kontemplation. Das gibt dem Schüler die Welterkenntnis, und dadurch erweitert er seine Selbsterkenntnis über die Persönlichkeit hinaus. Das ist etwas anderes als jenes beliebte Schwatzen von Selbsterkenntnis. Man findet das Selbst nicht, wenn man in sich hineinschaut, sondern wenn man aus sich hinausschaut. Es ist dies das gleiche Selbst, welches das Auge geschaffen hat, das die Sonne hervorgebracht hat. Wenn Sie den Teil des Selbst, welcher dem Auge entspricht, suchen wollen, so haben Sie ihn in der Sonne zu suchen. Was draußen außer Ihnen ist, müssen Sie als Ihr Selbst wahrnehmen lernen. Das Hineinschauen nur in sich führt zur Verhärtung in sich selbst, zu einem höheren Egoismus. Wenn die Menschen sagen: Ich brauche nur mein Selbst sprechen zu lassen -, so haben sie keine Ahnung von der Gefahr, die darin liegt. Selbsterkenntnis darf nur geübt werden, wenn der Schüler des weißen Pfades sie mit Selbstentäußerung verbindet. Wenn er zu jedem Dinge sagen lernt: Das bin ich — dann ist er reif zur Selbsterkenntnis, wie es Goethe in den

Worten Fausts ausspricht:

«Du führst die Reihe der Lebendigen
Vor mir vorbei und lehrst mich meine Brüder
Im stillen Busch, in Luft und Wasser kennen.»

Überall sind draußen die Teile unseres Selbst. Das ist zum Beispiel auch in der Dionysos-Mythe dargestellt. Daher legt die Rosenkteuzerschulung auch so viel Wert auf eine objektive und ruhige Betrachtung der äußeren Welt: Willst du dich selbst erkennen, dann schau dich im Spiegel der äußeren Welt und Wesen an! Viel deutlicher wird dir aus dem Auge des Mitmenschen sprechen, was in deiner Seele ist, als wenn du dich in dir selbst verhärtest und in die eigene Seele versenkst! — Das ist eine wichtige und wesentliche Wahrheit, die keiner, der den weißen Pfad beschreiten will, außer acht lassen darf. Es gibt in der Gegenwart viele Menschen, die ihren gewöhnlichen Egoismus in einen raffinierten Egoismus verwandelt haben. Sie nennen es theosophische Entwickelung, wenn sie ihr gewöhnliches, alltägliches Selbst so hoch wie möglich steigern. Sie möchten das Persönliche ja recht hervorholen. Die wirkliche okkulte Erkenntnis zeigt dem Menschen dagegen, wie sich sein Inneres aufschließt, wenn er sein höheres Selbst in der Welt erkennen lernt.

Wenn der Mensch in der Kontemplation diese Gesinnung herangebildet hat, wenn sein Selbst über alle Dinge ausfließt, wenn er die Blume, die ihm entgegenwächst, so fühlt wie den Finger, den er sich selbst entgegenbewegt, wenn er weiß, daß die ganze Erde und die ganze Welt sein Leib ist, dann lernt er sein höheres Selbst erkennen. Dann spricht er zur Blume wie zu einem Glied seines eigenen Körpers: Du gehörst zu mir, du bist ein Teil meines Selbst. - Allmählich empfindet er das, was man den siebenten Grad der Rosenkreuzerschulung nennt: die Gottseligkeit. Sie stellt sich als das notwendige Gefühlselement ein, das den Menschen in die höheren Welten hinaufgeleitet, wo er über die höheren Welten nicht bloß denken darf, sondern in diesen Welten fühlen lernt. Dann zeigen sich ihm die Früchte, wenn er so bestrebt ist, unter der fortdauernden Anleitung seines Lehrers zu lernen, und er braucht nicht zu fürchten, daß sein okkulter Weg in einen Abgrund führen könnte. Alle Dinge, die als Gefahren der okkulten Entwickelung geschildert werden, kommen nicht in Frage, wenn diese in die richtigen Wege gelenkt wird. Geschieht das, so wird der okkulte Pfadsucher ein wirklicher Helfer der Menschheit.

Während der Imagination stellt sich die Möglichkeit ein, daß der Mensch einen gewissen Teil der Nacht in bewußtem Zustande durchmacht. Sein physischer Leib schläft wie sonst, aber ein Teil seines Schlafzustandes wird von sinnvollen, inhaltsvollen Träumen belebt. Diese sind die erste Ankündigung seines Eintrittes in die höheren Welten. Allmählich führt er seine Erlebnisse in das gewöhnliche Bewußtsein hinüber. Er sieht dann in seiner ganzen Umwelt, auch hier im Saal zwischen den Stühlen oder draußen in Wald und Flur, die astralen Wesenheiten.

Drei Stufen erreicht der Mensch während der imaginativen Erkenntnis. Auf der ersten Stufe erkennt er die Wesenheiten, die hinter den physischen Sinneseindrücken stehen. Hinter der roten oder blauen Farbe steht eine Wesenheit, hinter jeder Rose; hinter jedem Tier steht die Gattungs- oder Gruppenseele. Er wird taghellsehend. Wenn er nun noch eine Weile wartet und seine Imagination ruhig übt, sich auch in die okkulte Schrift vertieft, so wird er auch taghellhörend. Das dritte ist dann, daß er alle die Dinge kennenlernt, die man in der astralen Welt findet, die den Menschen herunterziehen und zum Bösen verleiten, die eigentlich nun dazu bestimmt sind, ihn hinaufzuführen. Er lernt Kamaloka kennen.

Durch dasjenige, was den vierten, fünften und sechsten Teil der Rosenkreuzerschulung bildet, den Lebensrhythmus, die Beziehung des Mikrokosmos zum Makrokosmos, die Kontemplation des Makrokosmos, erreicht der Mensch drei weitere Stufen. Auf der ersten Stufe gelangt er zum Erkennen der Verhältnisse des Lebens zwischen dem Tode und einer neuen Geburt. Das tritt ihm in Devachan entgegen. Das nächste ist die Möglichkeit, zu sehen, wie die Formen sich ineinander umwandeln, die Transmutation, die Metamorphose der Formen. Der Mensch hatte zum Beispiel nicht immer seine heutige Lunge: er besitzt sie erst seit der lemurischen Zeit. In der vorangegangenen hyperboräischen Zeit hatte er wieder eine andere Form, davor hatte er eine andere Form, weil er sich im Astralzustand befand, und eine andere vorher, weil er in Devachan war. Man sagt auch: der Mensch lernt auf dieser Stufe die Verhältnisse zwischen den verschiedenen Globen kennen, das heißt, er erfährt, wie ein Globus oder Formzustand in den anderen übergeht. Als letztes, bevor er in noch höhere Welten übergeht, erschaut er die Metamorphose der Lebenszustände. Er erkennt, wie die verschiedenen Wesenheiten durch die verschiedenen Reiche oder Runden hindurchgehen, wie ein Reich ins andere übergeht. Dann muß er zu noch höheren Stufen aufsteigen, die aber heute keine Besprechung mehr erfahren können.

Was hier ausgeführt worden ist, wird Ihnen einstweilen zum Verarbeiten genug Material geben. Diese Dinge müssen wirklich erarbeitet werden. Es ist dies der erste Schritt, um in die Höhe zu kommen. Daher ist es gut, einmal in geordneter Weise den Pfad vorgezeichnet zu bekommen. Es mag sein, daß man auf dem physischen Plan, auch ohne eine Landkarte zu haben, reisen kann. Auf dem Astralplan ist es aber notwendig, sich eine solche Landkarte geben zu lassen. Betrachten Sie diese Mitteilungen als eine Art von Landkarte, und sie wird Ihnen nützlich sein, nicht nur in diesem Leben, sondern auch wenn Sie die Pforte zu den höheren Welten durchschreiten. Wer diese Dinge dutch die Geisteswissenschaft aufnimmt, wird nach dem Tode gute Dienste von dieser Landkarte haben. Der Okkultist weiß, wie kläglich es den Menschen oft ergeht, wenn sie drüben auf der anderen Seite ankommen und keine Ahnung davon haben, wo sie eigentlich leben und was das ist, was sie da erleben. Diejenigen, die durch die geisteswissenschaftlichen Lehren hindurchgegangen sind, kennen sich aus und wissen die Dinge selbst zu charakterisieren. Wenn der Mensch nicht zurückschrecken würde, den Erkenntnispfad zu betreten, so würde ihm dies in der anderen Welt großen Nutzen bringen.

The Path of Knowledge and Its Stages

The Rosicrucian Path of Spiritual Development

Today, we will present a picture of the path of knowledge and show what the fruits of this path are. You are familiar with some of the main points that come into consideration here. But even for those who have already heard relevant lectures on the path of knowledge or have read “Lucifer,” namely the thirty-second issue, something new will be offered when we discuss the path of knowledge in a way that can only happen in the intimate circle of students of spiritual science. The main focus will be on discussing this path of knowledge as it is outlined by the Rosicrucian Western spiritual movement, which has been spiritually guiding and directing European culture since the 14th century through unknown channels.

The Rosicrucian movement operated entirely in secret until the last third of the 19th century. What Rosicrucianism really was could not be read in any book, nor could it be spoken of publicly. Only in the last thirty years or so have some of the Rosicrucian teachings been made known to the outside world through the Theosophical movement, after previously having been taught only in strictly closed societies. The most elementary teachings are contained in what is now called “theosophy” — but only the most elementary ones. Only gradually is it possible to allow people to look more deeply into the wisdom that has been cultivated in those Rosicrucian schools in Europe since the end of the 14th century.

First of all, let us make it clear that there is not just one kind of path to knowledge, but three kinds. However, this should not be understood as meaning that there are three truths. There is only one truth, just as everyone standing on the summit of a mountain has the same view. But there are different ways to reach the summit of the mountain. During the ascent, you have a different view from every point. Only when you are at the top – and you can climb the summit from different sides – do you have a clear, unobstructed view according to your own perspective. The same is true of the three paths to knowledge. One is the Eastern path of yoga, the second is the Christian Gnostic path, and the third is the Christian Rosicrucian path. These three paths lead to the one truth.

There are three different paths because human natures are different on our earth. One must distinguish between three types of human nature. Just as it would not be right for someone to choose a footpath far away from the mountain summit instead of the one closest to it, it would also not be good for a person to take a spiritual path other than the one appropriate for them. Today, even within the theosophical movement, which has yet to develop beyond its initial stage, there are many rather confused ideas about this. Many people think that there is only one path to knowledge, and believe that this is the path of yoga. However, the Eastern path of yoga is neither the only path to knowledge, nor is it the most suitable for people living within the European cultural sphere. Those who view the matter only from the outside can hardly understand what is at stake here, because human nature does not appear to be so different among the various races. But when one considers the great diversity of human types with occult powers, one comes to the conclusion that something that may be good for Orientals, and perhaps also for a few individuals in our culture, is by no means right for everyone. There are also people, but only a few within European circumstances, who can follow the Oriental path of yoga. For the vast majority of Europeans, however, it is impracticable. It brings with it illusions and also spiritual destruction. Even if they do not appear so different on the outside, even in the eyes of today's scientists, Eastern and Western natures are totally different. An Eastern brain, an Eastern imagination, and an Eastern heart function quite differently from the organs of a Westerner. What can be expected of a person who has grown up in Eastern conditions can never, ever be expected of a Westerner. Only those who believe that climate, religion, and social life have no influence on the human mind could think that it does not matter under what external conditions someone undergoes occult training. But if one knows what a profound spiritual influence all these external circumstances have on human nature, one understands that the path of yoga is suitable only for a few Europeans, and really only for those who thoroughly and radically break away from European conditions, but that it is impossible for people who remain within European culture.

People who are still sincere and honest Christians at heart, who are still imbued with certain fundamental principles of Christianity, may choose the Christian-Gnostic path, which is not very different from the Kabbalistic path. For Europeans, however, the Rosicrucian path is generally the only correct path. Today we will discuss this European Rosicrucian path, namely the various tasks that this path prescribes for people, and also the rewards that await people who follow this path of knowledge. No one should believe that this is only a path for scientifically educated people or even for scholars. The simplest person can follow it. But if you follow this path, you will very soon be able to counter every objection of European science against occultism. This was one of the main tasks of the Rosicrucian masters: to equip those who follow the path of knowledge so that they can defend occult knowledge and also carry out this path in the world. The simple person who has only a few popular ideas from modern science or even nothing at all, but who has an honest desire for truth within them, will be able to follow the Rosicrucian path just as well as the most educated and learned.

There are major differences between the three paths to knowledge. The first concerns the relationship of the student to the occult teacher, who gradually becomes the guru or mediates the relationship to the guru. The peculiarity of the Eastern path of yoga is that this relationship is the strictest conceivable. The guru is the unconditional authority for the student. If this were not the case, this training could not be successful. Oriental yoga training is not possible without strict submission to the authority of the guru. The Christian Gnostic and Kabbalistic paths presuppose a somewhat looser relationship with the guru on the physical plane. The guru leads the student to Christ Jesus; he is the mediator. And on the Rosicrucian path, the guru increasingly becomes a friend whose authority is based on inner consent. No relationship other than a strictly personal relationship of trust is possible here. If even the slightest mistrust arose between student and teacher, the bond that must exist between them would be broken and the forces that operate between teacher and student would no longer be effective. The student will sometimes have false ideas about the role of his teacher. It will seem easy to him as if he absolutely must speak to the teacher here and there, as if he must often be physically together with him. Although it is sometimes urgently necessary for the teacher to approach the student physically, this is not as often the case as the student may believe. At first, the student cannot correctly assess the effect that the teacher has on him. The teacher has means at his disposal that are only gradually revealed to the student. Many words that the student believes to have been spoken by chance are of great significance. They continue to work unconsciously in the student's soul like a guiding force that directs and guides him. If the teacher exercises the occult influences correctly, then the real bond between him and the student is also there. Added to this are the effects based on loving participation in the distance, which are always available to the teacher and which only reveal themselves more and more to the student later on, when he finds his way into the higher worlds. But absolute trust is absolutely necessary, otherwise it is better to sever the bond between teacher and student.

Now the rules that play a certain role in Rosicrucian training should be briefly mentioned. Things do not have to occur exactly as they are listed here. Depending on the individuality, profession, and age of the student, the teacher will have to take this or that from the various areas and arrange it in this or that way. Only an overview is given here for information purposes.

What is highly necessary in Rosicrucian training is usually not given sufficient attention in all occult training. It is clear and logical thinking — or at least the striving for it. First of all, all confused or prejudiced thinking must be eradicated. Human beings must accustom themselves to thinking about the connections in the world from a broad, selfless perspective. The best way to do this, if one wants to follow this Rosicrucian path as a simple human being, is to study the elementary teachings of spiritual science. It is not a valid objection to say: What good does it do me to study the teachings about the higher worlds, about the human races and cultures, about karma and reincarnation, since I cannot see and perceive all this myself? — This is not a valid objection, because it is precisely the study of these truths that purifies the mind and disciplines it in such a way that the individual becomes ready for the other measures that lead to the occult path. In ordinary life, people usually think in a very disorderly way. The guidelines and stages of human development and planetary evolution, the great perspectives opened up by those who know, bring order to thinking. All this is part of Rosicrucian training. This is called the study. Therefore, the teacher will leave it up to the student to think about the elementary teachings on reincarnation and karma, on the three worlds, the Akashic Records, the evolution of the Earth, and the human races. The scope of elementary spiritual science, as it is taught today, is the best preparation for the simple person.

However, for those who wish to delve deeper into their thinking in order to engage more intensively with the actual framework of the human soul, we recommend studying books that have been written specifically to bring thinking into disciplined channels. The books that have been written for this purpose — even if they do not contain the word “theosophy” — are my two books Truth and Science and The Philosophy of Freedom. Such books are written to serve a purpose. Those who wish to approach further study on the basis of vigorous training in logical thinking would do well to subject their minds to the “spiritual and mental gymnastics” that these books require. This will give them the foundation on which Rosicrucian study is built.

When one observes the physical plane, one perceives certain sensory impressions: colors and light, warmth and cold, smell and taste, pressure and touch sensations, and auditory impressions. One connects all of this with the activity of the mind and intellect. The intellect and thought still belong to the physical plane. You can perceive all of this on the physical plane. Perceptions on the astral plane are different; they look completely different. And perceptions on the devachanic plane are different again, not to mention in the even higher spiritual realms. However, people who have not yet gained insight into the higher worlds can form a pictorial idea of them. The method of representation familiar to me also attempts to give an impression of these worlds through images. Those who then ascend to the higher realms see for themselves how they affect them. On each plane, human beings have new experiences. But there is one thing that remains the same throughout all worlds, right up to Devachan, that does not change: that is logically trained thinking. Only on the Buddhi plane does thinking no longer have the same validity as on the physical plane. A different kind of thinking must take its place. But for the three worlds below the Buddhi plane, for the physical, astral, and Devachanic planes, the same thinking applies everywhere. So those who train themselves properly in thinking through study in the physical world will have a good guide in this thinking in the higher worlds and will not stumble as easily as those who want to ascend into the spiritual realms with confused thinking. Therefore, Rosicrucian training teaches people to move freely in the higher worlds by encouraging them to discipline their thinking. Those who ascend to these worlds learn ways of perception that do not exist on the physical plane, but they will be able to master them with their thinking.

The second thing the student learns on the Rosicrucian path of knowledge is imagination. This is prepared by the student gradually learning to penetrate into such pictorial representations which, in the sense of Goethe's words, “Everything transitory is only a parable,” represent the higher worlds. As human beings usually go through the physical world, they perceive things as they appear to their senses, but not what lies behind them. They are drawn down into the physical world as if by a lead weight. Human beings only become free from this physical world when they learn to take the things around them as symbols. Therefore, they must seek to gain a moral relationship with them. The teacher will also give them some guidance on how to view external appearances as symbols of the spiritual, but the student can also do a lot themselves. For example, they can look at a colchicum and a violet. When I see the colchicum as a symbol of a melancholic disposition, I have not only perceived it as it appears to me externally, but as a symbol of a characteristic. In the violet, on the other hand, one may see the symbol of a quiet, pious disposition. In this way, you go from object to object, from plant to plant, from animal to animal, and regard them as symbols of the spiritual. In this way, you make your imagination fluid and detach it from the sharp contours of sensory perception. One comes to see each animal species as a symbol of a characteristic. One takes one animal as a symbol of strength, another as a symbol of cunning. We must pursue such things not fleetingly, but seriously and at every turn.

Basically, all human language speaks in symbols. Language is nothing more than speaking in symbols. Every word is a symbol. Even science, which believes it can describe every object objectively, must make use of language, and its words have a symbolic effect. When you speak of lungs, you know that they are not wings, but you still refer to them as such. For those who want to remain on the physical plane, it is good not to lose themselves too much in this symbolism, but the advanced student will not lose himself in it either. When one investigates, one senses the depth that originally lies in human language. Profound natures such as Paracelsus and Jakob Böhme owe their development to the fact that they did not shy away from studying the imaginative meaning of language in conversation with farmers and vagabonds. There, the words nature, spirit, and soul had a completely different effect. They had a stronger effect. When a farmer's wife plucked a feather from a goose out in the countryside, she called the inside the soul of the feather. The student must find such symbols in language himself. In this way, he detaches himself from the physical world and learns to rise to the level of imagination. It has a powerful effect when the world becomes a parable for human beings in this way. If the student practices this long enough, they will notice corresponding effects. When looking at a flower, for example, something will gradually detach itself from the flower. The color, which at first only adhered to the surface of the flower, rises like a small flame and floats freely in space. This is how imaginative knowledge develops. It is then as if the surface of all things detaches itself. The whole room is filled with the color, which floats around the room like a flame. In this way, the whole world of light seems to withdraw from physical reality. When such a color image withdraws and floats freely in space, it soon begins to adhere to something. It is drawn to something; it does not remain anywhere at random; it grasps a being that now appears itself as a spiritual being in the color. What the student has drawn out of the things of the physical world as color envelops the spiritual beings of the astral space.

This is the point where the advice of the occult teacher must intervene, because otherwise the student can easily lose his footing. This could happen for two reasons. One is as follows: every student must go through a certain experience. The images that emerge from physical things — not only colors, but also smells and sounds — appear in strange, ugly, perhaps even beautiful forms, animal faces, plant shapes, and even ugly human faces. This first experience is a reflection of one's own soul. One's own passions and drives, the evil that still dwells in the soul, appear before the advanced student as if in a mirror in the astral space. Here he needs the advice of the occult teacher, who tells him that this is not something objective, but a reflection of his own inner being.

You will understand that he is dependent on this advice from the teacher when you hear more about the way such images appear. It has often been emphasized that everything is reversed in the astral space, that everything appears in mirror images. The student can therefore easily be misled by illusions, especially when they are reflections of his own being. The mirror image of a passion does not only appear as an animal coming towards him — that would be the least of it — but there is more to be reckoned with here. Let us suppose that a person has a hidden, rather evil passion. As a reflection, such an impulse or desire very often appears in an enticing form, while good qualities sometimes do not appear enticing at all. Here again is something that the legend has wonderfully portrayed. You will find an image of this in the myth of Hercules. When Hercules sets out on his journey, the evil and good qualities stand before him. Vice dresses itself in the seductive form of beauty, but virtue in the garb of modesty.

There is something else to consider. Even if the student is already able to see things objectively, there is still the possibility that his inner arbitrariness will manifest itself as a force that directs and guides appearances. He must come to see and understand this, for desire has a strong influence on the astral plane. Everything that acts as a directing force here in the physical world is not present when one enters the imaginative world. If you imagine on the physical plane that you have done something that you have not actually done, you will soon be convinced that this is not the case when you are confronted with the facts on the physical plane. But this is not the case in the astral realm. There, your own desires deceive you with images, and you must have guidance from someone knowledgeable on how to piece together these imaginative images in order to recognize their true meaning.

The third part of Rosicrucian training is learning occult writing. What is this occult writing? There are certain images, symbols, which are created by simple lines or joined together by colors. Such symbols represent a very specific occult sign language. To give an example, consider the following. There is a process in the higher world that also has an effect on the physical world: the spinning of the vortex. You can observe the spinning of the vortex when you look at a nebula, for example, the Orion Nebula. There you see a spiral. But that is on the physical plane. You can also observe this on all planes. It appears as if one vortex swings into another. The (a) is a figure that occurs on the astral plane in all kinds of formations. If you understand this figure, you will also understand how one human race transforms into another. When the first sub-race of our present main race came into being, the sun was in the sign of Cancer. At that time, one race intertwined with another; that is why Cancer has the occult symbol (b). All the signs of the zodiac are occult symbols. One only has to learn and understand their meaning.

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The pentagram (c) is also such a sign. The student learns to associate special sensations and feelings with this sign. They are the counter-image of astral processes. This sign language, which is learned as occult writing, is nothing other than the reproduction of the laws of higher worlds. Thus, the pentagram is a sign that expresses many different things. Just as the letter B is used in a wide variety of words, the signs of occult writing can also have manifold meanings. The pentagram, the hexagram, the angle, and other figures can be combined to form an occult script, which in turn is a guide to the higher worlds. The pentagram is the symbol of the five-part human being, the symbol of secrecy, but also the symbol that underlies the generic soul of the rose. If you connect the petals of the rose in the picture, you get the pentagram. Just as the B in the words band and Beben each means something different, so too do the symbols in occult writing have different meanings. One learns to arrange them in the right way. These are the signposts to the astral plane. Just as an illiterate person relates to a reader on the physical plane, so does someone who only sees the images as such relate to someone who has learned occult writing. On the physical plane, the characters are often arbitrary, but originally they were images of the astral sign language. Take an ancient astral symbol, the caduceus with the snake. In our writing, this has become the letter E.

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Or take the letter W, which denotes the wave motion of water. It is the soul symbol of the human being and at the same time the symbol for the word. The letter M is nothing other than a representation of the upper lip. In the course of development, all this has become more arbitrary. In the occult realm, on the other hand, necessity prevails. There, one can live these things.

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The fourth is the so-called rhythm of life. People know very little about such a rhythm in their everyday lives. They live selfishly. At most, the school timetable still provides a certain rhythm of life for children, because the daily school routine repeats itself from week to week. But who does that in everyday life? Nevertheless, one can only ascend to a higher level of development by introducing rhythm and repetition into one's life. Rhythm reigns throughout nature. In the course of the planets around the sun, in the annual appearance and withering of plants, even in the animal kingdom and in the sexual life of animals, everything is regulated rhythmically. Only human beings are allowed to live without rhythm so that they can act freely. But they must bring rhythm back into the chaos of their own free will. A good rhythm consists of performing occult activities at specific times each day. That is why students must perform their meditation and concentration exercises at the same time each day, just as the sun sends its powers down to the earth at the same time each spring. This is one way of bringing rhythm into life. Another is what occurs when, following the instructions of the occult teacher, the breathing process is brought into rhythm. Inhaling, holding the breath, and exhaling must be brought into a rhythm for a short time each day, determined by the experience of the occult teachers. In this way, a new rhythm is put in place of the old one by the human being. Such a rhythmicization of life is one of the prerequisites for ascending to the higher worlds. But no one can do this without the guidance of a teacher. It should only be noted here what this is basically about.

The fifth is what is called learning the correspondence between the microcosm and the macrocosm. It consists of the teacher instructing the student to concentrate their thoughts on certain parts of the body. Those who have heard the lecture on the relationship of the senses to the higher worlds will remember that the whole world is involved in the creation of the physical body. The eye is created by light, by the spirits who work in the light. Every point of the physical body is connected to a certain force in the cosmos. Let us consider the point at the root of the nose. There was a time when the etheric head protruded far beyond the physical body. Even in the Atlantean era, there was a point on the forehead where the etheric head protruded beyond the physical head, as is still the case today with horses and other animals. In horses, the etheric head still protrudes far beyond the physical head. In modern humans, the point mentioned is aligned in the etheric head and the physical head, and this gives them the ability to develop those parts of the physical brain that enable them to say “I” to themselves. The organ that enables humans to say “I” to themselves is connected with a very specific process during the Atlantean development of the Earth. Now the occult teacher instructs his pupil: Direct your thoughts and concentrate them on this point! Then he gives him a mantra. This awakens a power in this part of the head that corresponds to a certain process in the macrocosm. In this way, a correspondence between the microcosm and the macrocosm is brought about. Through appropriate concentration on the eye, knowledge of the sun is also attained. In this way, one finds the entire organization of the macrocosm spiritually in one's own organs.

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Once the student has practiced this long enough, they may proceed to immerse themselves in the things they have found. For example, they can search the Akashic Records for the moment in the Atlantean epoch when the point on the bridge of the nose on which they have concentrated came into being. Or they can find the sun by concentrating on the eye. This sixth stage, immersion in the macrocosm, is called contemplation. This gives the student knowledge of the world, thereby expanding their self-knowledge beyond their personality. This is different from the popular chatter about self-knowledge. You do not find the self by looking inside yourself, but by looking outside yourself. It is the same self that created the eye that brought forth the sun. If you want to find the part of the self that corresponds to the eye, you must look for it in the sun. You must learn to perceive what is outside of you as your self. Looking only within yourself leads to hardening within yourself, to a higher egoism. When people say, “I just need to let my self speak,” they have no idea of the danger that lies therein. Self-knowledge may only be practiced if the student of the white path combines it with self-renunciation. When he learns to say to every thing, “That is me,” then he is ready for self-knowledge, as Goethe expresses in the words of Faust:

"You lead the line of the living
past me and teach me to know my brothers
In the silent bush, in air and water."

The parts of our self are everywhere outside. This is also depicted in the myth of Dionysus, for example. That is why Rosicrucian training places so much emphasis on an objective and calm observation of the outer world: if you want to know yourself, then look at yourself in the mirror of the outer world and beings! What is in your soul will speak to you much more clearly from the eyes of your fellow human beings than if you harden yourself and sink into your own soul! — This is an important and essential truth that no one who wants to walk the white path should ignore. There are many people today who have transformed their ordinary egoism into a sophisticated egoism. They call it theosophical development when they elevate their ordinary, everyday self as high as possible. They want to bring out the personal. Real occult knowledge, on the other hand, shows people how their inner being opens up when they learn to recognize their higher self in the world.

When a person has developed this attitude in contemplation, when their self flows out over all things, when they feel the flower growing toward them as they feel their own finger moving toward themselves, when they know that the whole earth and the whole world is their body, then they learn to recognize their higher self. Then they speak to the flower as to a limb of their own body: You belong to me, you are a part of my self. Gradually, he feels what is called the seventh degree of Rosicrucian training: godliness. It arises as the necessary emotional element that leads man up into the higher worlds, where he is not only allowed to think about the higher worlds, but learns to feel in these worlds. Then the fruits will appear to him if he is so eager to learn under the continuous guidance of his teacher, and he need not fear that his occult path could lead into an abyss. All things that are described as dangers of occult development are out of the question if it is guided in the right direction. If this happens, the occult seeker becomes a real helper to humanity.

During imagination, it is possible for a person to spend a certain part of the night in a conscious state. Their physical body sleeps as usual, but part of their sleep state is enlivened by meaningful, content-rich dreams. These are the first signs of his entry into the higher worlds. Gradually, he carries his experiences over into his ordinary consciousness. He then sees the astral beings in his entire environment, even here in the hall between the chairs or outside in the woods and fields.

Human beings reach three stages during imaginative cognition. At the first stage, they recognize the beings behind physical sensory impressions. Behind the red or blue color there is a being, behind every rose; behind every animal there is the species or group soul. They become clairvoyant. If they wait a while longer and calmly practice their imagination, immersing themselves in occult writings, they will also become clear-hearing. The third stage is that they learn about all the things found in the astral world that pull people down and lead them to evil, things that are actually meant to lift them up. They learn about Kamaloka.

Through what constitutes the fourth, fifth, and sixth parts of Rosicrucian training—the rhythm of life, the relationship of the microcosm to the macrocosm, and the contemplation of the macrocosm—human beings reach three further stages. On the first stage, he comes to recognize the conditions of life between death and a new birth. This comes to him in Devachan. The next is the possibility of seeing how forms transform into one another, the transmutation, the metamorphosis of forms. For example, man did not always have his present lungs: he has only had them since the Lemurian period. In the preceding Hyperborean epoch, they had yet another form, and before that they had a different form because they were in the astral state, and another before that because they were in Devachan. It is also said that at this stage, human beings learn about the relationships between the different globes, that is, they experience how one globe or form state transitions into another. Finally, before passing into even higher worlds, he beholds the metamorphosis of the states of life. He recognizes how the various beings pass through the different realms or rounds, how one realm passes into another. Then he must ascend to even higher stages, which, however, cannot be discussed today.

What has been explained here will give you enough material to work with for the time being. These things really need to be worked out. This is the first step toward rising to higher levels. Therefore, it is good to have the path laid out in an orderly manner. It may be that one can travel on the physical plane without having a map. On the astral plane, however, it is necessary to have such a map. Consider these messages as a kind of map, and they will be useful to you, not only in this life, but also when you pass through the gate to the higher worlds. Those who take in these things through spiritual science will find this map useful after death. The occultist knows how miserable people often feel when they arrive on the other side and have no idea where they actually live and what it is they are experiencing there. Those who have gone through the spiritual scientific teachings are familiar with these things and know how to characterize them themselves. If people did not shy away from entering the path of knowledge, it would be of great benefit to them in the other world.