Original Impulses for the Science of the Spirit
GA 96
1 April 1907, Berlin
XVIII. Purifying the Blood by Removing Egoism through the Mystery of Golgotha, an Easter Lecture
Today we are going to talk about the Mystery of Golgotha. At the same time we'll be looking at Easter in the light of spiritual science. A week ago, I said that the Mystery of Golgotha had not only been significant in the evolution of human history but that it is of the most profound significance for the whole of earth evolution, and we do, of course, include the human being in this earth evolution. At the time I drew your attention to the way an observer of our globe, someone who had been able to look at our planet from a distant planet for millennia before our present calendar started, would have perceived the way the planet changed. Such an observer looking down from a distant planet would indeed have seen the appearance of the earth change through those millennia. And if the eye had been clairvoyant, able to observe not only the physical events on our planet but also the non-physical changes, it would have seen that the whole spiritual atmosphere of the earth changed, became different, when Christ Jesus came to the earth.
Just as the human being has a physical body, ether body and astral body, so does the earth, too, have a physical body, ether body and astral body. We are all of us surrounded not merely by air, but also by the ether body and the astral body of the earth. Such a clairvoyant observer would see this ether and astral body of the earth. It would have had a specific colour and a specific way of moving up to the time of the coming of Christ Jesus. Then, however, it changed, assuming new colours and new movement. This event has such a profound effect on our earth and on human evolution that the whole spiritual content of the earth then changed.
You should not think that this happened suddenly as the Christ was born, suffered and died. It had been in preparation for centuries in the spiritual content of our planet and has not reached completion to this day. With clairvoyant vision one would be able to see how the new spiritual element that came to the earth at that time is still in the process of condensing and consolidating. It will be a long time yet before all the fruits that were produced at the coming of Christ Jesus have been received into the earth.
To understand what this is about we must once more let the whole of earth evolution go through our minds. We have to go back to the time in earth evolution when man's present form was only evolving, developing. We call this the Lemurian age. We reach it by going back through the different historical periods of our present age.
Today we live in the fifth sub-period of the fifth main era of the earth. Going back to the time of the Graeco-Latin peoples, to a time when that wonderful art developed which really only came into existence in the Greek period, a time when the Romans developed their legal way of thinking, we would be in the fourth sub-age of our era. Going even further back we would come to a time when the Egyptian, Babylonian and Chaldean civilization was at its height. Beyond this we should find the time when there came the first beginnings of a life in the spirit, with Zarathustra bringing the first culture of the mind. That would have been the second sub-age. Even further back we'd come to the most ancient Indian peoples, not the culture of which the Vedas and the Bhagavad Gita speak, but the preVedic peoples who were taught by the holy Rishis themselves. That was a marvellous ancient civilization, and clairvoyants are still able to see the whole of it. It was the first period of development, immediately preceded by the flooding of the earth in which the Atlantean continent that used to be between Europe and America was washed away.
Our ancestors lived in Atlantis, the people of the fourth main era. They did not yet have a social order, for there were no rules, no laws. Nor did they have logical thinking or the ability to do sums. Elements of counting only come up towards the end of the Atlantean age. Memory gradually came to be the highest inner power. Man then lived in marvellous interaction with nature. We only have the right idea of Atlantean culture, however, if we realize that physical conditions on earth were very different from those that developed later. Central European legends still hold memories of those early Atlantean times in Niflheim (land of mists), which was full of dense, heavy mists. All life forms then lived in such dense, heavy mists, and because of this conditions were also very different in the life of soul and spirit. It would take too long to go into more detail about the Atlantean age. I just wanted to, and had to, mention it briefly, so that we may move on to the time when human beings assumed their present form. For this we would have to go back not only to a flood but to tremendous upheavals caused by powers of fire. These fiery upheavals destroyed the land which in theosophical literature is known as Lemuria. It lay far down to the south, extending from the north of Africa to southern Australia. This was the region where man first appeared in his present form.
Going far back into Lemurian times we would see people walk about on the earth who were very different from people today, figures we should not yet call human, for they did not yet have the seed of the human soul in them which alone would enable them to rise to higher levels of development. We would find people there who only had the bodies that envelop the soul, people who had only a physical body, ether body and astral body. And their astral bodies had a depression, a kind of bay, in them—figuratively speaking—for the reception of self awareness. Essentially the four parts of the enveloping human form were already there, but the principle you call 'I' today, a principle that lives in you, was still in the keeping of the godhead then.
Figures were thus walking about on this earth. To describe those human figures that were ready to receive the core of essential human nature, we have to say they were completely different from today's human beings. You would think them to be utterly grotesque, going to the very limits of ugliness. Where today's human beings have air all around them, those human 'casings' were surrounded by a spiritual atmosphere. They were surrounded by a spiritual sphere of air in which they were alive and active.
To give you a diagram of the human beings of that time, I'd have to draw them like vessels, as it were, vessels ready to receive the higher soul quality into themselves (Fig. 20). The inner space is meant to be a hollow made in the astral body and this is ready to receive a higher soul quality into itself. That higher soul element was still in the surrounding atmosphere, the layer of spiritual air. Something which today is inside you was not yet inside human beings at that time, but moved around them. You have to understand, of course, that the spirit can assume different forms and that the element which was then your spirit did not need a physical body. Further development actually consisted in the human spirit coming to dwell in a physical body where it developed further inwardly as soul. Something which today lives in you was then living outside you, in the spiritual atmosphere that was around you. At that time, the individual souls which today live in separate bodies were not yet separate and individual.
Let us think of this glass of water containing thousands of droplets, all connected with each other. All the souls which were later to be distributed among human beings were like this, soul drops in this spiritual atmosphere, but as though dissolved to make a uniform, fluid element. And you may go on and image this: if I were to take a thousand tiny sponges and let them absorb a thousand drops, those thousand drops would then be distributed among the thousand tiny sponges. That is how you should think of the way the spiritual principle was distributed in Lemurian times. Having been all around on the outside before, this principle then came down into the bodies and separate entities were created. Just as the thousand droplets of water would be individualized in the thousand tiny sponges, so was the communal spiritual substance individualized in the separate human forms in Lemuria. At the beginning of the Lemurian age, every human form did not immediately receive the soul fully into itself. To show the way the soul content was received in my diagram, I'd have to do it like this (Fig. 20). I'd also have to show, however, that much of it remained outside the body, in the surrounding area. The body was thus surrounded by a spiritual content that was of the same kind as the part that was already inside the human form.
Evolution for the Lemurian and Atlantean periods and into our time meant that the element that was outside the physical body was gradually drawn into the body. This happened throughout the Lemurian and the whole of the Atlantean age. You have to imagine that human beings were in a permanent state of being half asleep and half awake, though they also had a kind of clairvoyance. If someone whose inner eye had been opened could have looked at the human beings of Atlantean times, these would have looked the way someone who is asleep does today. When a human being lies asleep, the physical and etheric body lies in bed, and the higher spiritual content is spread around it. It is exactly because it is outside that the individual falls asleep. You would see an Atlantean in such a permanent state of sleep; yet this would be full of lively dreams.
One individual approaching another in those times would not have seen the other the way we do today, sharply defined; instead, a colour form would arise in the first individual's soul. This colour form was such that if the other individual was congenial, it would indicate sympathy; with someone uncongenial it would show unsympathetic colour nuances. In those times human beings would perceive the world around them in a more clairvoyant way. The more the spiritual substance entered into them, the more did their state of consciousness become like the one we know in full daytime awareness today.
The process in which the soul came down into the physical body also had its physical aspect, a secondary physical fact. In the Old Testament this is significantly referred to in the words: 'And the Lord God ... breathed into his nostrils the breath of life; and man became a living soul.'109Genesis 2: 7 Truth is, it was not only air that was breathed into man at the time but the spiritual human being that filled him with life. You have to understand that the matter which lives all around us is not simply physical matter or substance. With every breath you inhale not only physical air but also spirit. It is perfectly true that when the physical air was inhaled at that time, in the way in which it is done by people in their present-day form, everything I have drawn here came down into the physical form. This is what the passage in the Old Testament refers to. And if you were to ask: ‘What was the human body at that time, when the soul came down from being in the keeping of the godhead?’ The body was the air, and today you still breathe the element which at that time came down into the body of human beings. For the principle we call the spirit is in the air. The air is merely the body, the substance, of the spirit.
You also have to understand that something else was connected with this way of breathing air, with the spirit coming down into the human form. It was closely bound up with what we call the warm blood of man, or rather blood that was warmer than the surroundings. Before this moment in time had come in earth evolution, there were no warm-blooded life forms. Warm-blooded animals only came into existence at a later stage. This breathing was therefore connected with warm-bloodedness, and this meant that something else also happened then. A certain quantity, a certain amount of warmth entered into the human being, the blood warmth you still have today. This is a higher kind of warmth than the warmth in the world around you. In those days, at the time that preceded this actual time when man came into being, something was present in the environment of our ancestors that was very different from the spirit embodied in the air.
You can get an idea of what was also present in the earth's atmosphere if you consider the following—not literally, a bit figuratively, yet also real—if you consider the warmth present in the different human beings who lived on earth, [if you consider] the warmth that lives in your blood, and then the warmth that has flowed out into your surroundings, and all this warmth enveloping the earth, all the blood warmth, therefore, all warmth that comes from the blood and flows within us—is the warmth that used to be around us on the outside in the past. Just as it is true that the spirit which used to be outside you is now inside you, so it is true that the warmth which was outside you is now inside you.
We would thus reach the time when the whole earth was enveloped in an atmosphere of heat. Another spirit was embodied in this warmth atmosphere, a spirit that was like the spirits who had been on the Sun—meaning one of the three planets that had preceded the earth. These had reached perfection at the time when the Sun was still a planet. The spirit embodied in this heat had reached a level of completion, perfection, which otherwise has been reached only by the spirits who achieved completion on the Sun planet at that time and dwell in the sun today. It is a fact that at the time when this warmth enveloped the earth there was in it the bearer of a unique spirit for the whole of humanity. And for a long time after this, the warmth that surrounded the earth was the bearer of one particular spirituality for all humanity, a spirituality which is no other but that of the spirit of the earth itself.
Just as every human being has his own spirit, is filled with his own spirituality, so for someone who is able to perceive these things, every plant and every material thing is at the same time also an expression of a spiritual entity. And our earth is the body or spiritual expression of the earth spirit. The blood warmth enables the earth spirit to enter into the human being. In the blood warmth which lives in the human being, and in pre-Lemurian times lived outside the human being, we have the medium by which the spirit of the earth enters into the human being himself.
You have to imagine, therefore, that at the time when actual human development began in Lemurian times, the spirit which belonged to the air came down upon human beings, and then the higher spirit began to come down which is in the warmth of the blood, the actual earth spirit. The relationship between these two spirits is such that we may say: ‘The spirit which has the air for its body is the one that has made it possible for human beings to gain speech.’ For the configuration of the human organism which makes the present-day breathing process possible, also makes speech possible. Speech developed in Atlantean times, and came to its highest expression in the ability to utter the word ‘I’ towards the end of the Atlantean period.
The process began in Lemurian times and gradually reached perfection towards the end of Atlantean times. The Bible says: 'And the Lord God ... breathed into his nostrils the breath of life; and man became a living soul.' This was gradually perfected until it became the word ‘I’, until the spirit began to speak out of the inner human being and began to call itself, out of the inner human being: ‘Y-a-h-w-e-h’. That is at the same time the eternal core and essence of every individual human being: ‘I am the one I am, the one I was and the one who shall be. ‘I am’ is the deepest inmost core. It came into man at that time and will remain for all eternity as the human being’s individual spirit.
This was the first outpouring of the godhead. It is called the outpouring of the spirit, or of Yahweh. In the mythologies of religious peoples, which are always more intelligent than scientific treatises, this outpouring of the spirit or of Yahweh is described as a breath in the air, something that moves over the earth in the air. Ancient German legend, and also Jewish, Hebrew legend, where Yahweh is the god of the tempest or the wind, shows that this is a divinity which has its outer body in the flow of the air and has poured into the human being.
Because of its essential nature this divinity did indeed play a role in human beings becoming individual when it entered into them. The uniform, fluid element which prior to the Flood had been all around humanity on a magnificent scale, was divided up among individual human beings, like the water being absorbed into tiny sponges. But this could not make the human being wholly individual. Human beings had to find the transition to complete individualization. They were not ordained to be complete individuals right away. Initially they formed groups. We have mentioned before that people lived in small tribal groups. They did not as yet feel themselves to be separate individuals. The human individual felt himself to be entirely part of such a tribal group or family, just as a hand is part of the body. Modern people with their very different way of thinking cannot really imagine what it is like to belong to a tribe, feeling oneself part of the tribal body. But that is how it was, and the more the small tribes spread, and the family came to be the tribe, the more individual did people become.
You have to think of this as a process of singling out, of progressively becoming more individual, as bound to the human being's blood. You can understand it if I tell you one thing, and I would ask you to remember it. The pouring out of the spirit in Lemurian times was not uniform. You would have been able to see many spirits coming down on to the earth from the spiritual surroundings of the earth. Many individual spirits were coming down. Speaking of Yahweh, we are not speaking of a single divinity but the spirits of many nations. The Jews know that it was one of many divinities. Nations were split up into tribes because many such souls of nations—please note that these were something real—were coming down. And the more they developed, the more did they live in families, in tribes, which then came together in large tribal nations. One thing that was not possible at that time was for all to come together in a great universal brotherhood. It will only gradually be possible for all of humanity on earth to come together, because apart from this sending out of the spirit and ensouling human beings with this spirit, which has come down into many souls of nations, there is also something that lived in the warmth of the earth, not in the air, and this more universal principle has also entered into human beings. In Christian esoteric terms, the element which came first is also called the Holy Spirit. Speaking of the old spirits that have come down, we should really refer to many holy spirits, many Yahwehs. When we speak of the spirit that has all warmth in it, we can only refer to a single one. In Christian esoteric terms this is called the Logos, the Christ, the universal spirit of the human race on earth.
Just consider that everything which lives in the spirit self, everything we call manas, came down in a multiplicity, and that everything we call budhi poured itself out over humanity as a spiritual oneness, and you have the difference. You'll then understand that humanity needed to be prepared first by the outpouring of the spirit before the outpouring of the Christos, of the budhi, the life spirit. Up to the time when Christ Jesus appeared on earth, everything there was of the Christ spirit was a oneness. It was a uniform sphere surrounding the whole earth, the solid earth being its skeletal system, as it were. If you take the solid earth with everything that is in it, and add to this the warmth that surrounds the earth, you more or less have the body of the Christ spirit, as it is called. Hence the beautiful words in the Gospel of John, where Christ Jesus refers to himself as the spirit of the earth: 'He who eats my bread has lifted his heel against me.'110John 13: 18. What do we eat when we eat? Bread. We eat the bread which is the body of the Christ. And in walking on the earth we do the other thing—we lift our heel against the Christ. This must be taken quite literally.
Just as in Lemurian times the Yahweh spirit poured something of the element of the spirit into separate individuals, so during the ages that preceded Christ Jesus and in those that followed, the Christ spirit gradually poured in, the Christ spirit which has its body in the blood warmth. When the whole of the Christ spirit has been poured out into individual human beings, the Christian spirit, the great brotherhood of humanity, will have conquered the earth. Then there simply will no longer be any thought of cliques and small groupings, but only awareness of humanity as a brotherhood. There will be the greatest degree of individualization, yet each will be drawn to the other. The small tribal and national communities will have given way to the community of the life spirit, the budhi, the community of the Christ.
The eye of a soul looking down clairvoyantly on our planet would then see this. It would be able to follow the way in which the Christ spirit had been wholly in the sphere surrounding the earth and had then poured into individual human beings. It would see the earth changing more and more. Other colours and moods would appear. An element that had been in the sphere surrounding the earth would then have to be looked for in the inmost being of individual human beings. This is what the coming of Christ Jesus means; it is the cosmic significance of this event.
Anything else you may find in the spiritual development of our earth has been preparation. The coming of the Christ was in preparation for centuries. The preparation for this event which was so important for the whole of cosmic earth evolution was such that the Christ showed human beings how to overcome the narrow limits of tribal relationships. You know Mercury, Hermes Trismegistos, the Persian Zarathustra, the Indians Krishna and Buddha and the Greek Pythagoras. The Christos spirit, which until then had been in the earth's surroundings, began to enter into human beings. Then came a band of time when religions were founded; there we can see the process of transformation advancing more and more, and we can get to know the nature of the Christian spirit.
The outpouring of the spirit—what effect was it able to have? It was able to bring it about that love was tied to the blood. In those early times when tribal communities had not yet developed, people loved one another no less than they do today. In fact, they loved one another more, but it was in the way a mother loves her child and the child his mother. Love was therefore more due to nature. Blood felt drawn to blood, and people felt they belonged together because of this. But the people drawn to such blood-based communities progressed further in their development and this meant that their sympathies became more individual. This led to smaller groupings, families and communities, which then became part of larger communities. Individual people were, however, getting more egoistical and self-seeking. The situation thus was the following. On the one hand humanity was getting more selfish, and on the other hand the influence of the Christ made people one. On the one hand we have individualization, with the individual progressively more independent, and on the other the unifying nature of the Christian spirit. These two streams must come fully into their own before it will be possible to have a condition on earth where everyone is independent and on the other hand also connected with everyone else, for each will be filled with the 'Christ spirit', as it is called.
We must clearly understand that all this is connected with the blood, and that originally something came to expression in human blood that brought to light feeling and inner responsiveness. These would come into play within the blood relationship, but they brought about blood-based love. We must also understand that feelings then became more egoistical. Self-seeking came to be increasingly more present in the blood. That is the secret of human evolution, that the blood gained more and more of the quality of self-seeking. This blood which had grown egoistical had to be overcome.
The principle which was excessive egoism in the human blood ran from the wounds of Christ Jesus on the cross in real mysticism; it became an offering. If this blood had not flowed, self-seeking would have grown more and more in human blood as evolution progressed. The cleansing of the blood from self-seeking—this is what the Mystery of Golgotha achieved. By this deed of love, human blood was saved from its self-seeking.
It is impossible to perceive the cosmic significance of the event on Golgotha if one only sees a human being hanging on a cross, bleeding from a wound made by a lance. The profound mystical significance of this event is that vicariously this is the blood which humanity had to lose in order to be redeemed. We shall never understand the Christian spirit if we take these things in a materialistic sense only, knowing only the material event and not also the spiritual principle which lies behind it This spiritual principle is the regenerative power of the redeemer's blood that flowed on the cross. We shall only understand the further evolution of the human race if we perceive how crucial this fact is, realizing that the most tremendous and complete change in humanity's spiritual evolution on earth is connected with this fact.
If we consider this evolution on earth, we find that in early times, before the Christos principle entered into human souls, the mysteries of the spirit were profound centres of teaching and ritual The more the Christ came into the world, the more did the Mysteries of the Son unfold; and in future the Mysteries of the Father will be important. We are told of them in the Book of Revelation.
Let us go back to the Mysteries of the Spirit. They were initially established in a place that would have been between Europe and America and has long since vanished. The nursery of the great adepts was founded there, inaugurating the Mysteries of the Spirit that have continued into our age. People who had given evidence of having achieved maturity could be initiated in the Mysteries of the Spirit. The mystery centres would accept people who had been adequately instructed and purified. There they would receive the teachings, the theosophy, that is the basis of all religions, teachings we receive today through the science of the spirit. They would have purified their instinctive drives, trained to bring order into their thinking, and then have learned not only to love people who were blood-related but to embrace the whole of humanity in love. They had become 'homeless people'. The process which occurs at the highest levels of human development is one that points to the future.
Initiation at the ancient mystery temples continued on into the last pre-Christian centuries. We see evidence of this in the Egyptian pyramids. There the disciple who had come so far that he was able to love the whole of humanity would be put to sleep for three days. His physical body would be as if dead, in total lethargy. The initiator would be able to draw his spirit forth from him the way your spirit is drawn from your body every night when you're asleep. Just as it is true that this spirit is unconscious in ordinary sleep, so it is true that it would be conscious in disciples who had been frilly prepared. The interference that comes from the physical body would no longer be there. But in those three days the disciples would be able to remember everything they had learned before; they were able to take this into their body.
Because the candidate had been learning, taking in the necessary concepts and feelings, the initiator was now able to let him experience as a spiritual reality everything he had previously worked for and taken in by way of inner feelings. The soul would wander through the astral and devachanic world during the three days when it was out of the body. It would encounter the reality of what it had previously learned, and the individual thus came to know, to be initiated. The theosophical teachings ceased to be mere theory; now they were something in which he himself had been, as though in a living element. When he woke again in his body and looked at his physical surroundings, a sound would come to his lips that must wrest itself from the soul of its own accord when after wandering through the world of the spirit for three and a half days the soul found itself back in the physical world again. The soul was then aware that the I had become a citizen of higher worlds, that it had been in those worlds and could now speak to people about its experience in those worlds. Speaking of the world of the spirit from experience, he had become a herald of the spirit in the physical world, a missionary of the spirit. And this comes to expression in the words: 'Eli, Eli, lama sabachthani!'111Matth. 27: 46; Mark 15: 34. sabachthani generally translated as 'abandoned'. A similar sounding term, shevachthani means 'elevated' or 'glorified'. See Steiner R. The Gospel of St Matthew (GA 123), 12th lecture. Tr. D. Osmond, M. Kirkcaldy. New York: Anthroposophic Press 1985. which means: 'Oh God, my God, you have indeed glorified me!' These were the words one would have been able to hear from every individual who had been initiated in this way.
If you had examined such an individual with regard to his whole essential nature, you would have found that someone who was initiated in the mysteries of the spirit became a herald of something which in Christ Jesus was given for the whole of humanity. The budhi had, however, only awoken inwardly, in the 'ether body', as it is called, of such an initiate. Initiates in the spirit, in whom the Son, the Christos, had inwardly awakened, existed throughout antiquity in pre-Christian times. This Christos had not penetrated as far as the physical body, but he had been awakened in the ether body. Those initiates had become immortal as ether human beings.
The great step forward for humanity came because what applied to the great initiates in the spirit also applied to Christ Jesus coming to the earth. But in the case of the individual who died on the cross, this applied right down to the physical body. Everything which in the ancient mysteries could be experienced when out of the body could be seen on the physical plane in this one case, because of the event on Golgotha. It became visible even for those who had only physical eyes. In earlier times, initiates who were able to progress that far would be able to see it. They would feel at one with God because, being the chosen, they experienced inwardly how life must conquer death. Now, however, this was no longer necessary. With the event on Golgotha it had taken place in front of human eyes. There it happened that life overcame death. And through the connection with this unique event, through the bond that connects every individual with it, like a family bond, something was given that replaced the things which had been given to individuals in the Mysteries of the Spirit.
There is one great, significant image from the Mysteries of the Spirit which I must describe to you if you are to understand the Mysteries of the Son. I had to describe how the individual who lay in his sleep for three and a half days was surrounded by twelve human forms, as though he were sitting around a table with them. And how should they appear to someone who had had experiences of the higher worlds as an initiate? Twelve of his incarnations would appear to him, twelve of the bodies he had gone through before. Those twelve bodies were nothing more or less than what he bore within himself as the elements of his body. In occult terms, the human body is divided into twelve parts, and these are a recapitulation of twelve incarnations in which the individual human being is gradually purified and taken to a higher level of perfection. The individual would thus feel himself to be surrounded by the forms or figures which he himself had gone through in earlier times, and he would say to himself: The one form you had before lives in one part of you; the second form lives in another, the third in again another, the fourth, and so on.’ They are thus around you like the guests sitting at a meal with their host.
This image would appear before the soul of every individual entering into the Mysteries of the Spirit. It was the Son of Man who brought this to an end, no longer the son of a family, a tribe, a nation, but the son of the whole of humanity. It was really the thirteenth who had the greatest perfection among the twelve. Being outside his earthly self, he saw himself as the thirteenth.
Let us now consider how the experiences every candidate would have in the higher world came to be repeated in Christ Jesus. It is covered with a kind of veil, the way everything given outwardly, exoterically, is veiled. The Easter feast celebrated by the Christ and the twelve was not to be an ordinary feast. It was to be something else—a recapitulation on the physical plane of the experience which the initiates in the spirit had had a number of times on the higher plane.
In Luke's gospel, chapter 22, verses 7-12, we read: ‘When the day of unleavened bread came, ... they said to him, “Where do you wish us to prepare it?” And he told them, “Now when you enter the city, a man will meet you who is carrying a jar of water. Follow him into the house where he is going. Then speak to the master of the house, saying, The teacher says to you, Where is the guest room so that I may eat the Passover there with my disciples? And he will show you a large upper room which has been set out ready; prepare for us there.”’
During the feast he explained once again that the bread was his body, that the blood flowing in his body was like the sap in the body of a plant. It was right for him to say, with reference to the plant sap, the wine: ‘This is my blood,’ and it was right for him to say this because he is the spirit of the earth. It is right for him to say of all substance: ‘This is my body,’ and of all juices: ‘This is my blood.’
Then comes the scene where Christ Jesus developed the Mysteries of the Spirit further into the Mysteries of the Son, and ultimately into the Mysteries of the Father. Again you must consider the twelve apostles sitting around him to be an embodiment of the twelve parts of his own body. If you really contemplate this, using inner delicacy and discretion as you approach a passage which unveils—or rather veils—the deepest truth of the Christian spirit, you will be able to encompass in your mind the transition from the Mysteries of the Spirit to those of the Son.
Consider once again what had to happen as the Mysteries of the Son were approaching. People had to become aware that the blood had to give up its connection with blood bonds. One day blood bonds would mean less to people than their egoism. Looking to the future mission of the Christian spirit, Christ Jesus realized that this could only be achieved by his sacrifice. It had to be thus. For times would come when people grew more and more egoistical in order to gain their freedom. The excess of egoistical blood therefore had to be sacrificed in a cosmic deed, so that human beings, however independent, might one day be able to unite in one great brotherhood. The egoistical element exists particularly because of the human race; it has grown more and more, and it needs to be made spiritual, to be ennobled, by the Christian spirit. Human beings are thus getting more and irore independent. Let us take a look, however, at something which has since come to girdle the earth—our forms of transport. What are they but arrangements to satisfy our egoism? Everything thought up by using the rational mind and common sense has only been thought up to satisfy our egoism, even if only in a roundabout way. Humanity was less egoistical when grain was still ground by using two stones. Humanity had to grow independent, however, and therefore also had to go through egoism, with the whole of our civilization providing the material basis for this.
Someone initiated in the Mysteries of the Spirit thus sees his own incarnations, with himself at the head, as the part which is now the most perfect, just as the Son of Man saw the group of disciples around him as versions of himself. Someone who looks into the future will see the configurations humanity will need to go through. Anyone who lives through the Mysteries of the Son sees into the future, to the end of earth evolution, when the earth state changes into a new star state. Christ Jesus was therefore able to say of the former state: 'You who are sitting around me represent different degrees of perfection, and when I look into the future, you, as you are sitting around me here, represent the twelve stations. These must be overcome, however. I must guide them through myself to the Father. I must guide you to the Father as though through myself, so that the earth may achieve a higher degree of perfection.' All sensuality, all drives, passions and affects attaching to human beings must be overcome. This can be seen in symbolic form in what happened with the twelve.
The age that followed is represented in Judas Iscariot. The representative of low sensuality is closely connected with the representative of the greatest moral and ethical qualities. It is Judas Iscariot who really betrayed the Christian spirit immediately afterwards. Oh, a time will come when it will look as though what happened on Golgotha is also happening all over the earth! It will look as if egoism was to bring death for the Christ, the budhi. It will be the time of the Antichrist. It is law that everything that happened around the cross will also have to happen on the physical plane. What happened on Golgotha does at the same time also have profoundly symbolic significance. Judas' betrayal signifies the lower drives gaining the upper hand. All things sensual must, however, become spiritual.
We thus have reference made here to the future evolution of humanity within the earth. I have spoken of this on several occasions. Everything of a lower nature will drop away from human beings. The future human being is already preparing in the human race. They will not be creative then the way they are today. They will not be working out of their lower passions. Today they produce the word, which can embody the most sublime, and they will become more and more creative through the word. They have grown more egoistical because of their sexuality, and they will be selfless again once that sexuality drops away.
Today the word is produced on a stream of air coming from the larynx; in humanity's future the word will be productive again. Boys' voices break at puberty. It will be the voice which will be productive. And in becoming productive, this word will at the same time—in the future, for the whole situation will be turned around—give expression to human control over the air. It means that the principle which originally breathed through man will cause a transformation in something which is even more deeply connected with essential human nature. The word will be creative with regard to the preparation of the blood. Even the blood of man will be transformed. It will only be able to produce pure, selfless feelings. A human race will arise that is creative through the word. Selflessness will be transformed into a quality of the blood, and the thinking organ will be transformed to be in the heart. This is one of the two evolutions that will follow Christianity. The age when egoism rules is represented by Judas Iscariot. Anyone taking an unbiased look at world events can see how sexuality is capable of betraying man as spirit, to kill him. But human beings who today can produce the word as something higher in themselves will one day be creative through the word. This will be when the heart is the organ of their mind and spirit.
I would now ask you to apply this to the gospel and note a passage which puts what I have just been saying in a truly wonderful way, with magnificent symbolism. Consider what will follow when Christianity has grown selfless and brotherly; how Judas Iscariot embodies everything that makes people egoistical; and consider also the direction in which humanity will develop through the twelve stations—to the form which Christ Jesus himself assumed. Everything rises upwards towards the heart.
The way the transformation occurs is such that creative power pushes upwards from the lap to the heart. This has to come to expression in the one who represents the highest form and is closest to Jesus. Now read this: ‘One of the disciples, the one whom Jesus loved, lay in Jesus' lap at the table. Simon Peter beckoned to him, indicating he should ask which one it was. He then leaned against the breast of Jesus and said to him: “Lord, which one is it?”’112John 13: 23-25. The translation of the Greek ἐν τῷ κόλπῳ tends to be a problem. A kolpos was the space, a kind of pouch, created above the belt in a loose Greek-style tunic. It was the place where men in those times would keep things that were valuable to them. Translations vary between ‘bosom’ and ‘lap’ (in Abraham's bosom, in the lap of the gods). Verse 23 says kolchos, whilst verse 25 has στῆθος, stethos, meaning ‘breast’. The passage tells us how the lowest power of production in man moves up into the breast, shown here by Christ Jesus' closest disciple. The Mystery of the Son, of Jesus, is suggested in the most delicate way. One cannot think of a more magnificent way. You will see that it is meant to be a mystery if you read what the initiated disciple himself writes at the end of this whole scene, having had living experience of how he would be transformed and come to the Father through the Son. What was he then able to say? At a higher level, he was able to say what initiates are able to say: ‘Eli, Eli, lama sabachthani.’ Those are his words. Read it for yourselves in John's gospel: ‘And Jesus said: Now the Son of Man is glorified, and God is glorified in him.’113John 13:31.
This Easter feast was the preparation for what then happened on the physical plane. In contemplating Christ's death we learn of death being overcome on the physical plane, and egoistical blood being overcome as the blood flowed from his wounds. We also come to perceive the great prospect that lies ahead as the words are once again heard coming from the cross, out of an awareness of what the future holds: The earth will have reached the goal of a great brotherliness, of becoming spiritual, overcoming everything that could drag the human spirit down.'
Those who have gone through this with the Christ will be able to gather around him once they leave earth evolution behind and rise to a higher form of evolution. And perceiving that the perfecting of the earth has been accomplished, Christ Jesus will once again be able to call out words he once called out on the cross: 'Eli, Eli, lama sabachthani!' that is ‘ My Lord, my Lord, how you have glorified the I in humanity, making it spiritual.' That is the meaning of these words. There is a later translation which is wrong, taking up the lines from the psalm.114Psalm 22:2. But the proper translation of the words is the one you have now heard. Those are the words that express the Mystery of Golgotha: ‘My God, my God, how greatly you have glorified me, made me spiritual.'
These words reveal to us how the spirit wrests itself free of the body. The Mystery of the Son reveals to us how at that time, the inner visionary eye of the world's redeemer looked ahead to the end of the earth's perfecting and put the great goal of humanity in words, speaking of overcoming all differences and the founding of utter human love. This goal will only be reached if people learn to enter more and more in a spiritual way into the world of the spirit. For it is in the spirit that humanity comes to be at one. Once human beings were at one as they stepped forth out of the spirit, out of that oneness, out of the way where everything merges into one in the divine. They became individualized as they entered into individual human bodies—the way water is individualized when droplets of it are absorbed into small sponges. And human beings, now become individual, will be at one again when they enter into the great bond of brotherhood, still maintaining their individual nature. They will thus prepare themselves to be deified creators, just as they were gods, creators, before they came to earth as human beings.
Human evolution took its origin in a divine spirit and it is going back to a divine spirit. The different ‘I’s will be individual, yet at the same time they will be a oneness, being united in the bond of brotherhood. This oneness will give birth to a new star, the new star which in the Book of Revelation is called 'the new Jerusalem'.115Rev. 3: 12; 21:2. The human ‘I’s will be born in their I-nature, and then the harmonies of the spheres will create the echo for the words in which the Mystery of Golgotha came together, the words: 'My God, my God, how you have glorified me!'
Those words were spoken then, in the past. They will be repeated when human beings ascend to the highest levels, to ever greater heights, when they will have gone through the Son to the Father. The Son guides humanity to the end of earth evolution; then human beings will be taken up into the cosmos again, retaining their I-nature. The earth will go back to the Father. 'No one comes to the Father except through me.'116John 14: 6.
The inner eye is able to see a long, long way if human beings are prepared to seek insight into the profound secret of Golgotha. But festivals like the great seasonal festivals exist as important points where people should abandon their everyday routine, when they should let their inner eye go out to the great milestones in evolution, when they should survey not only centuries but millennia. We should consider humanity in a vision that comes to the conscious mind. If we let the distant goal of the future come alive in our hearts, as the great teachers of the human race have taught us, if we let this distant goal come alive in us, a goal that is so far away, yet can be so close if it becomes a power in our hearts—then alone shall we reach it.
Let us resolve never to let such festivals pass by without inscribing in our souls those great future prospects and goals for humanity. People have time for everyday things in their everyday lives, but when the bells ring on holy days, they do well to remember that they are children not just of their age, but in their spirit, also children of eternity.
Die Reinigung des Blutes von der Ich-Sucht Durch das Mysterium von Golgatha
Über das Mysterium von Golgatha wollen wir heute sprechen und damit zu gleicher Zeit eine geisteswissenschaftliche Osterbetrachtung anstellen. Vor acht Tagen durfte ich hier darauf hinweisen, daß das Mysterium von Golgatha nicht nur etwas in der geschichtlichen Entwickelung der Menschheit bedeutet wie ein anderes geschichtliches Ereignis, sondern daß es eine tiefste Bedeutung hat für die ganze Erdenentwickelung, insofern wir zu dieser Erdenentwickelung selbstverständlich den Menschen mitrechnen. Damals schon durfte ich Sie darauf aufmerksam machen, wie einem Beobachter unserer Erdkugel, der von einem fernen Planeten aus seine Augen durch Jahrtausende hindurch auf unseren Planeten richten könnte, die Umwandlung unseres Planeten erschienen wäre. Tatsächlich würde ein solches Auge, das von einem fernen Planeten herunterschaute, sehen, wie sich durch Jahrtausende vor unserer Zeitrechnung der Anblick der Erde verändert hat. Und wenn es ein hellseherisches Auge wäre, also ein Auge, das nicht nur beobachten könnte, was im Physischen auf unserem Planeten vor sich geht, sondern das auch die geistige Verwandlung beobachten könnte, so würde es sehen, daß mit dem Erscheinen des Christus Jesus auf der Erde die ganze geistige Atmosphäre der Erde sich ändert, eine andere wird.
So wie der Mensch seinen physischen Leib, Ätherleib und Astralleib hat, so hat auch die Erde ihren physischen Leib, Ätherleib und Astralleib. Wir sind alle nicht nur eingehüllt von der Luft, wir sind auch eingehüllt vom Ätherleib und vom Astralleib der Erde. Wir leben mit dem physischen Leib nicht nur in der Luft, sondern auch im Ätherleib und im Astralleib der Erde, und ein solcher Beobachter würde mit seinem hellseherischen Auge diesen Äther- und Astralleib der Erde sehen. Dieser Äther- und Astralleib der Erde hätte eine bestimmte Farbe und eine bestimmte Bewegung bis zum Erscheinen des Christus Jesus. Da aber verwandelt er sich und nimmt neue Farben und neue Bewegung an. So tiefgehend, daß der ganze geistige Inhalt unserer Erde anders wird, ist dieses Ereignis für unsere Erde und die Menschheitsentwickelung.
Sie müssen das nicht so auffassen, als wenn das plötzlich geschehen wäre mit dem Geborenwerden, dem Leiden und Sterben des Christus. Es hat sich durch Jahrhunderte vorbereitet im geistigen Gehalt unseres Planeten, und es ist heute noch nicht vollendet. Immer noch könnte man mit einem solchen Auge sehen, wie das, was damals die Erde als neuen geistigen Einschlag erhalten hat, sich immer noch verdichtet und konsolidiert. Es wird noch lange dauern, bis alle die Früchte von der Erde aufgenommen sind, welche damals mit der Erscheinung des Christus Jesus gezeitigt wurden.
Wenn wir verstehen wollen, um was es sich da handelt, müssen wir die ganze Erdenentwickelung nochmals vor unserem Geiste vorüberziehen lassen. Wir müssen zurückgehen bis in jenes Zeitalter der Erdenentwickelung, in dem sich sozusagen der Mensch in seiner gegenwärtigen Gestalt erst entwickelt, erst gebildet hat. Wir nennen es das lemurische Zeitalter. Wir kommen in diese Zeit, wenn wir zurückgehen durch die verschiedenen geschichtlichen Epochen unseres gegenwärtigen Zeitalters.
Wir leben jetzt im sogenannten fünften Unterzeitalter des fünften Hauptzeitalters unserer Erde. Wenn wir zurückgehen in die Zeit der griechisch-lateinischen Völker, also in jene Zeit, in der sich herausgebildet hat jene wunderbare Kunst, die eigentlich erst im griechischen Zeitalter heraufgekommen ist, in der sich die römischen Rechtsbegriffe gebildet haben, dann würden wir im vierten Unterzeitalter unserer Zeitrechnung sein. Noch weiter zurückgehend würden wir zu einem Zeitalter kommen, welches die hohe Entwickelung der ägyptisch-babylonisch-assyrischen Zeit gesehen hat. Noch weiter zurück würden wir finden das Zeitalter, in welchem die ersten Keime eines geistigen Lebens aufgegangen sind, indem ihm Zarathustra die erste Geisteskultur gegeben hat. Das würde das zweite Zeitalter gewesen sein. Noch weiter zurückgehend kämen wir an das uralte indische Volk, nicht an das, von dem die Veden und die Bhagavad Gita erzählen, sondern an das vorvedische Volk, das von den heiligen Rishis selber unterrichtet worden ist. Da kommen wir zu einer wunderbaren alten Kultur, die der Hellseher noch durchschauen kann. Es ist das erste Entwickelungszeitalter, dem unmittelbar vorangegangen ist die Überflutung unserer Erde, die hinweggespült hat den atlantischen Kontinent, der zwischen Europa und Amerika lag.
In der Atlantis haben unsere Vorfahren gelebt, die Menschen des vierten Hauptzeitalters, die noch nicht wie heute in einer gesellschaftlichen Ordnung lebten, wo keine Gebote, keine Gesetze waren. Auch nicht das logische Denken und nicht das Rechnen gab es dazumal. Erst in der letzten Zeit des atlantischen Zeitalters kamen die Elemente des Zählens auf. Die höchste Seelenkraft wurde allmählich das Gedächtnis. Der Mensch lebte in einer wunderbaren Wechselwirkung mit der Natur. Allerdings stellen wir uns das Zeitalter der atlantischen Kultur nur richtig vor, wenn wir wissen, daß damals die physischen Verhältnisse auf unserer Erde ganz andere waren, als sie später geworden sind. In mitteleuropäischen Sagen hat sich eine Erinnerung an jenes alte atlantische Zeitalter erhalten in Niflheim oder Nebelheim. Jenes Nebelheim war wirklich ganz durchsetzt von schweren, dichten Nebelmassen, und weil alle Wesen in solchen schweren, dichten Nebelmassen lebten, deshalb waren auch die seelisch-geistigen Verhältnisse ganz andere.
Es würde zu weit führen, wenn wir die Beschreibung des atlantischen Zeitalters weiter ausführen wollten. Nur andeuten wollte ich und mußte ich es, wenn wir den Zeitpunkt erreichen wollen, wo die Menschen die gegenwärtige Gestalt angenommen haben. Da würden wir zurückgehen müssen nicht zu einer Überflutung, sondern zu mächtigen Revolutionen, die herbeigeführt wurden durch Feuermächte. Durch diese Feuerrevolutionen wurde das in der theosophischen Literatur als Lemurien bekannte Land vernichtet. Das war tief unten im Süden und erstreckte sich vom Norden Afrikas bis zum südlichen Australien. Es war das Gebiet, welches den Menschen zuerst in seiner heutigen Gestalt sah.
Wenn wir in dieser lemurischen Zeit weit zurückgehen, so würden wir auf der Erde Menschen herumwandeln sehen von ganz anderer Gestalt als die heutigen Menschen, Gestalten, die noch nicht menschlich genannt werden dürfen, weil sie noch nicht den Keim der menschlichen Seele in sich hatten, der erst ermöglichte, daß sie zu höheren Graden der Entwickelung aufsteigen konnten. Wir würden da Menschengestalten finden, die erst die Hülle hatten zu der menschlichen Seele, Menschen, die erst physischen Leib, Ätherleib und Astralleib hatten. Und die Astralleiber hatten eine Art von Einbuchtung - bildlich zu verstehen —- zur Aufnahme des Ich-Bewußtseins. Es sind im Grunde genommen die vier Glieder der menschlichen Hülle schon da, aber dasjenige, zu dem Sie heute «Ich» sagen, was in Ihnen heute lebt, das war dazumal noch im Schoße der Gottheit.
Auf dieser Erde wandelten also Gestalten. Wenn ich sie Ihnen beschreiben würde, diese menschlichen Gestalten, die bereit waren, den menschlichen Wesenskern aufzunehmen, so müßte ich sagen: Sie waren ganz anders als heutige Menschen. Sie würden Ihnen höchst grotesk vorkommen, an der äußersten Grenze der Häßlichkeit stehend. Diese menschlichen «Gehäuse» waren von allen Seiten eingehüllt wie die heutigen Menschen von der Luft, so von einer geistigen Atmosphäre. Sie waren eingehüllt von einem geistigen Luftkreis, sie lebten und webten in einem geistigen Luftkreis.
Wenn ich eine schematische Zeichnung geben wollte von dem, was dazumal die Menschen waren, so würde ich diese Menschen gleichsam wie Gefäße zeichnen müssen, die bereit waren, den höheren seelischen Gehalt in sich aufzunehmen. Der innere Raum soll bedeuten eine Aushöhlung des Astralleibes, der bereit ist, einen höheren seelischen Gehalt in sich aufzunehmen. Dieser höhere Gehalt war noch in der ihn umgebenden Atmosphäre, in der geistigen Luftschicht. Also was heute in eines jeden Inneren von Ihnen ist, das war damals noch nicht im Inneren des Menschen, das umgab, umwebte den Menschen. Freilich müssen Sie sich da klarmachen, daß der Geist verschiedene Formen annehmen kann, daß dasjenige, was dazumal Ihr Geist war, nicht einen physischen Leib brauchte. Gerade darin besteht seine Weiterentwickelung, daß er den physischen Leib bezogen hat, um sich innerlich als Seele weiterzuentwickeln. Was heute in Ihnen lebt, lebte dazumal außer Ihnen, in der Geistatmosphäre, die Sie umgab. Aber es lebten die einzelnen Seelen, die heute getrennt in ihren Leibern leben, dazumal noch nicht getrennt.
Stellen wir uns das so vor, wie wenn in diesem Wasserglase Tausende von Wassertropfen wären, die alle miteinander verbunden sind. So waren alle Seelen, die dann auf die Menschen verteilt wurden, in dieser Geistesatmosphäre wie Seelentropfen, aber wie in einem einheitlich verfließenden Element aufgelöst. Und Sie können sich noch weiter vorstellen: Wenn ich tausend kleine Schwämmchen nähme und sie tausend Tropfen einsaugen ließe, dann würden diese tausend Tropfen jetzt in den tausend Schwämmchen verteilt sein. So müssen Sie sich die Verteilung des Geistigen im lemurischen Zeitalter vorstellen. Was vorher im Umkreis war, das senkte sich in die Leiber; es wurden besondere Wesenheiten. So wie die tausend Wassertropfen sich individualisieren in den tausend Schwämmchen, so individualisierte sich die gemeinschaftliche Geistessubstanz im lemurischen Zeitalter in den einzelnen Hüllen. Nicht ganz nahm in der ersten Zeit des lemurischen Zeitalters eine jede solche menschliche Hülle gleich die Seele auf. Würde ich schematisch andeuten, wie der Seeleninhalt aufgenommen worden ist, so müßte ich Ihnen das so andeuten (siehe Zeichnung S. 277). Aber ich müßte auch noch andeuten, daß in der Umgebung, außerhalb des Leibes, vieles übrigblieb, so daß der Leib gleichzeitig umgeben war von geistigem Inhalt, der gleichartig war mit dem Teil, der schon in der Hülle steckte.
Die Entwickelung durch das lemurische und das atlantische Zeitalter bis zu uns bestand darin, daß dasjenige, was außerhalb des physischen Leibes war, nach und nach in den physischen Leib hineingezogen wurde, durch das lemurische und das ganze atlantische Zeitalter hindurch. Da müssen Sie sich vorstellen, daß der Mensch dauernd in halbschlafendem und halbwachendem Zustand war. Dieser Zustand war allerdings verknüpft mit einer Art von Hellsichtigkeit. Wenn derjenige, dessen geistiges Auge geöffnet ist, hätte auf die Menschen des atlantischen Zeitalters hinschauen können, so würde ihm der Mensch erschienen sein wie heute ein Schlafender. Wenn der Mensch im Schlafe liegt, so liegt der physische und der ätherische Leib im Bette und um ihn herum breitet sich der höhere geistige Inhalt aus. Gerade dadurch, daß dieser draußen ist, wird der Schlafzustand hervorgerufen. Den atlantischen Menschen würden Sie in einem solchen dauernden Schlafzustand sehen, der aber ausgefüllt ist mit lebendigen Träumen.
Wenn ein Mensch in der damaligen Zeit sich einem andern Menschen genähert hat, so hat er ihn nicht so gesehen, wie man ihn heute sieht, mit Grenzen, sondern es stieg in seiner Seele eine gewisse Farbenform auf. Und diese Farbenform bedeutete, wenn er sich einem Wesen näherte, das ihm sympathisch war, eben diese Sympathie, und bei einem Wesen, das ihm antipathisch war, zeigte sich das in antipathischen Farbenschattierungen. Es war also so, daß der Mensch damals seine ganze Umgebung mehr hellseherisch wahrnahm und daß, je mehr geistige Substanz sich in ihn hineinsenkte, um so mehr das Bewußtsein ein solches wurde, wie wir es im heutigen hellen Tagesbewußtsein erkennen.
Was ich hier beschrieben habe als das Hineinsenken der Seele in den physischen Leib, das hat auch seine physische Seite, das hat auch seine physische Nebentatsache. Diese physische Nebentatsache wird Ihnen im Alten Testament bedeutsam angedeutet in den Worten: «Und Gott hauchte dem Menschen den Odem ein, und er ward eine lebendige Seele.» In der Tat wurde dazumal dem Menschen nicht nur der Luftstrom eingehaucht, sondern das, was als geistiger Mensch ihn durchlebte. Sie müssen sich klarwerden, daß das, was als Materie um uns lebt, keineswegs bloß Materie, bloß Stoff ist. Wenn Sie Luft spüren, dann müssen Sie sich klar sein, daß diese ein den physischen Körper ganz umgebendes Geistiges ist, und daß Sie mit jedem Atemzug nicht nur physische Luft einatmen, sondern Geist einatmen. Vollständig wahr ist es, daß dazumal mit dem Einatmen der physischen Luft in der Weise, wie es von den Menschen in der gegenwärtigen Gestalt geschieht — denn darauf wird im Alten Testament hingedeutet —, sich das alles in die physische Hülle hineinsenkte, was hier aufgezeichnet worden ist. Und würden Sie fragen: Was war der Körper des Menschen dazumal, als die Seele sich heruntersenkte aus dem Schoße der Gottheit? - Der Körper war die Luft und heute atmen Sie noch das, was sich dazumal in den Leib der Menschen hineingesenkt hat. Denn dasjenige, was man den Geist nennt, ist in der Luft. Die Luft ist nur der Körper, der Stoff dieses Geistes.
Nun müssen Sie sich auch darüber klarwerden, wie mit dieser Art von Luftatmung, mit dieser Hineinsenkung des Geistes in die Hülle des Menschen etwas anderes verknüpft war. Es hängt innig damit zusammen, was wir nennen das warme, respektive das gegen die Umgebung wärmere Blut des Menschen. Bevor dieser Zeitpunkt in unserer Erdenentwickelung herangekommen wat, gab es keine warmblütigen Wesen. Warmblütige Tiere sind erst später entstanden. Mit dieser Atmung war im Gefolge verknüpft die Warmblütigkeit, so daß damals noch etwas anderes geschah: Es zog in jede solche Menschenhülle ein gewisses Quantum, eine gewisse Summe von Wärme ein, die Blutwärme, die Sie in sich tragen und die eine höhere Wärme ist als die Ihrer Umgebung. Es war damals, in der Zeit, die vorangegangen ist dieser eigentlichen Menschwerdung, in der Umgebung der physischen Menschenvorfahren auf der Erde noch etwas ganz anderes, etwas wesentlich anderes als der Geist, der in der Luft verkörpert ist. Sie bekommen eine Vorstellung von dem, was noch in der Atmosphäre der Erde da war, wenn Sie sich folgendes denken - nicht ganz genau, etwas bildlich, aber doch wieder real -, wenn Sie sich denken, was in den verschiedenen Menschen, die auf der Erde gelebt haben, an Wärme vorhanden war, [wenn Sie sich] die Wärme denken, die in Ihrem Blute lebt, und dann die Wärme, die in Ihre Umgebung ausgeströmt ist, und diese ganze Wärme einhüllend die Erde, also alle Blutwärme, alle Wärme, die vom Blute kommt und in uns strömt: es ist die Wärme, die früher uns umgeben hat. Sie haben die Wärme, die früher uns umgeben hat, in sich aufgenommen. So wahr, wie der Geist, der außer Ihnen war, jetzt in Ihnen ist, so wahr ist die Wärme, die außer Ihnen war, jetzt in Ihnen.
Wir würden also in die Zeit kommen, wo die ganze Erde von einer Wärmeatmosphäre eingehüllt war. In dieser Wärmeatmosphäre war eine andere Geistigkeit verkörpert, eine Geistigkeit, welche gleich war jenen Geistern, die auf der Sonne waren - die einer der drei Planeten war, welche der Erde vorangegangen sind — und die einstmals, als die Sonne noch Planet war, ihre Vollendung erreicht hatten. Die Geistigkeit, die in dieser Wärme verkörpert war, hat eine so hohe Vollendung, wie sie nur diejenigen Geister haben, die damals auf dem Sonnenplaneten das Ziel ihrer Entwickelung erreicht haben und die heute die Sonne bewohnen. In der Tat war dazumal, als diese Wärme die Erde umhüllte, darin der Träger einer einzigen Geistigkeit für die ganze Menschheit. Und noch lange, lange war für alle Menschen dasjenige, was die Erde an Wärme umgibt, der Träger einer einzigen Geistigkeit, jener Geistigkeit, welche keine andere ist als die des Geistes der Erde selber.
Ebenso wie jeder Mensch seinen Geist hat, wie jeder Mensch durchdrungen ist von seiner Geistigkeit, so ist für den, der diese Dinge durchschaut, jeder Planet und jedes stoffliche Wesen zu gleicher Zeit der Ausdruck eines geistigen Wesens. So ist unsere Erde der Körper oder der geistige Ausdruck des Erdengeistes. Das Mittel, durch das der Erdengeist in den Menschen hineindringen kann, ist diese Blutwärme. In der Blutwärme, die in dem Menschen lebt, die in der vorlemurischen Zeit außerhalb des Menschen lebte, haben wir das Mittel, durch das der Geist der Erde in den Menschen selbst hineindringt.
So müssen Sie sich vorstellen, daß damals, als die eigentliche Menschwerdung in der lemurischen Zeit begann, sich auf der einen Seite auf die Menschen der Geist heruntersenkte, welcher der Luft angehörte, und daß dann jener höhere Geist sich herunterzusenken begann, der in der Wärme des Blutes enthalten ist, der eigentliche Erdengeist. Diese beiden Geister stehen so zueinander, daß man sagen kann: Der Geist, der in der Luft seinen Körper hat, ist es, der es den Menschen möglich gemacht hat, zur Sprache zu kommen. — Denn diejenige Einrichtung des menschlichen Organismus, welche seinen jetzigen Atmungsprozeß möglich macht, die macht auch die Sprache möglich. In der atlantischen Zeit entwickelte sich die Sprache, und der höchste Ausdruck der Sprache war dasjenige, was schon am Ende der atlantischen Zeit das «Ich» aussprechen lernte.
Das ist ein Prozeß, der in der lemurischen Zeit beginnt und gegen das Ende der atlantischen Zeit allmählich seine Vollkommenheit erreicht. In der Bibel steht das Wort: «Und Gott hauchte dem Menschen lebendigen Odem ein, und er ward eine lebendige Seele.» Das vervollkommnete sich immer mehr, bis es zu dem Worte «Ich» wurde, bis der Geist anfing, aus dem Inneren des Menschen selbst zu sprechen und anfing, sich zu rufen aus dem Inneren des Menschen heraus: «J-a-h-v-e.» Das ist zu gleicher Zeit der ewige Wesenskern in jedem einzelnen Menschen: «Ich bin, der ich bin, der da war und der da sein wird.» «Ich-bin» ist der tiefste innere Wesenskern, der damals sich eingesenkt hat und in alle Ewigkeit bleiben wird als Individualität.
Dieses war die erste Ausgießung der Gottheit. Man nennt sie die Ausgießung des Geistes, die Ausgießung Jahves. Diese Ausgießung des Geistes oder Jahves wird in den Mythen der religiösen Völker, die immer noch gescheiter sind als die wissenschaftlichen Schriften, so dargestellt, daß dieser Gott in dem dahinfahrenden Winde lebt, in dem, was in der Luft säuselt, was sich in der Luft hinbewegt über den Erdkreis. Aus der germanischen Sage und auch aus der jüdischen, hebräischen Sage, in der Jahve dargestellt wird als Sturm- oder Windgott, geht hervor, daß man es zu tun hat mit einer Gottheit, die ihren äußeren Körper in dem Luftstrom hat und die sich dem Menschen eingegossen hat.
Diese Gottheit hat in ihrer Wesenheit, in der sie sich in die Menschen senkte, wohl gewirkt auf das Individuellwerden des Menschen, gewirkt dahin, daß dasjenige, was ein einheitlich verfließendes Element war, das in der vorsintflutlichen Zeit den Menschen in großartiger Gestalt umgeben hat, sich auf die einzelnen Menschen verteilt hat wie das Wasser, wenn die einzelnen Tropfen von den Schwämmchen aufgesaugt werden. Aber es hat den Menschen nicht vollständig individualisieren können. Die Menschen mußten erst den Übergang zur vollständigen Individualisierung finden. Nicht gleich wurde der Mensch dazu berufen, eine vollständige Individualität zu werden. Zuerst bildete er Gruppen. Auch das ist schon erwähnt worden, daß der Mensch kleine Stammesgruppen bildete. Der Mensch fühlte sich dazumal noch nicht als Individualität abgesondert. Wie ein Teil einer solchen Stammesgruppe oder eines Geschlechtes fühlte sich die menschliche Individualität, ganz dazugehörig, so wie die Hand zum Körper. Der Mensch, der heute mit einem ganz andern Bewußtsein begabt ist, kann sich keine rechte Vorstellung mehr machen von der Zugehörigkeit zu einem Stamm, von dem Sich-Fühlen in dem Körper eines ganzen Stammes drinnen. Aber es ist so, und je mehr sich die kleinen Stämme ausbreiteten, je mehr die Familie zum Stamme wurde, desto individualisierter wurde der Mensch.
Was wir hier als Prozeß des Sich-Vereinzelns kennenlernen, was wir als fortlaufenden Prozeß des Individuellwerdens kennen, das müssen Sie sich vorstellen als an des Menschen Blut gebunden. Sie werden dieses Gebundensein an sein Blut verstehen, wenn ich Ihnen eines sage, was ich bitte, festzuhalten: Diese Ausgießung des Geistes, die in der lemurischen Zeit stattgefunden hat, war keine einheitliche Ausgießung. Sie hätten da sehen können, daß viele Geister sich aus der geistigen Umgebung der Erde auf die Erde herniedersenkten. Es waren viele Individualitäten darin enthalten. Indem wir von Jahve sprechen, haben wir es nicht mit einer einzigen Gottheit zu tun, sondern mit vielen Volksgottheiten. Die Juden haben ein Bewußtsein davon, daß es eine unter mehreren, unter vielen Gottheiten war. Weil viele solcher Volksseelen — die ich als Realität zu nehmen bitte — sich herniedersenkten, deshalb waren die Völker gespalten in Stämme. Und je weiter sie in der Entwickelung kommen, desto mehr bilden sie sich zu Familien aus, zu Stämmen, wo sie dann zu größeren Volksstämmen zusammengeschlossen worden sind. Ein Zusammenschluß zu einem großen einheitlichen Bruderbund war aber auf diese Weise nicht möglich. Nur dadurch wurde dieser Zusammenschluß der ganzen Menschheit auf der Erde möglich, und das wird allmählich verwirklicht werden, daß außer dieser Geistaussendung und Beseelung des Menschen mit diesen Geist, der in viele Völkerseelen heruntergeströmt ist, auch etwas strömte, was in der Wärme der Erde lebte, nicht in der Luft, und daß dieses Allgemeinere einströmte in die Menschen. Das, was zuerst einströmte, nennt man in der christlichen Esoterik auch den Heiligen Geist. Man müßte eigentlich sprechen, indem man von den alten Geistern spricht, die eingeflossen sind, von vielen heiligen Geistern, von vielen Jahves. Wenn man aber von dem Geiste spricht, der die gesamte Wärme in sich hat, dann kann man nur von einem einzigen sprechen. Er wird innerhalb der christlichen Esoterik der Logos, der Christos selber genannt, der einheitliche Geist des Menschengeschlechts auf der Erde.
Wenn Sie sich nun überlegen, daß alles, was im Geistselbst lebt, alles, was wir mit Manas bezeichnen, in einer Vielheit sich herniedersenkte, und daß alles das, was man als Budhi bezeichnet, sich als eine geistige Einheit über die Menschheit ergoß, so haben Sie den Gegensatz. Und Sie werden begreifen, daß die Menschheit erst durch die Ausgießung des Geistes vorbereitet werden mußte auf die Ausgießung des Christos oder der Budhi, des Lebensgeistes. Bis zu dem Zeitpunkte, in dem der Christus Jesus auf der Erde erschien, ist alles, was vom Christus-Geist vorhanden war, eine Einheit. Es war eine einheitliche Hülle, welche die ganze Erde umgab, die in der festen Erde gleichsam ihr Knochensystem hatte. Wenn Sie die feste Erde nehmen mit alledem, was sie in sich hat, und dann dazunehmen, was die Erde an Wärme umgibt, dann haben Sie ungefähr das, was man den Körper des Christus-Geistes nennt. Daher das schöne Wort im JohannesEvangelium, wo sich der Christus Jesus selbst bezeichnet als den Geist der Erde: «Der mein Brot isset, der tritt mich mit Füßen.» Was isset der Mensch, wenn er ißt? Das Brot. Er ißt das Brot, das der Leib des Christus ist. Und indem er auf der Erde geht, tut der Mensch das andere: er tritt ihn mit Füßen. Ganz wörtlich ist das zu nehmen.
Ebenso wie sich in der lemurischen Zeit in die einzelnen Individualitäten ausgegossen hat von dem Element des Geistes der Jahvegeist, ebenso goß sich nach und nach in den Zeitaltern, die dem Christus Jesus vorangegangen waren, und in denjenigen, die ihm jetzt nachfolgen, langsam der Christus-Geist ein, der seinen Körper in der Wärme des Blutes hat. Und wenn der ganze Christus-Geist ausgegossen sein wird in die menschlichen Individualitäten hinein, dann wird das Christentum, die große Menschenbrüderschaft, die Erde erobert haben. Dann wird es überhaupt kein Bewußtsein von Cliquen und kleinen Zusammenhängen mehr geben, sondern nur das Bewußtsein, daß die Menschheit ein Bruderbund ist. Bei der größten Individualisierung wird dennoch jeder zum andern hingezogen sein. Die kleinen Stammes- und Volksgemeinschaften werden gewichen sein der Gemeinschaft des Lebensgeistes, der Budhi, der Gemeinschaft des Christus.
Das wird ein Seelenauge sehen, das als hellseherisches Auge herunterblickt auf unseren Planeten. Verfolgen könnte es, wie damals der Christus-Geist voll enthalten war in dem, was die Erde umgibt, und wie er sich hineinergießt in die einzelnen Menschen. Die Erde würde es sehen, sich immer mehr und mehr ändernd. Andere Farben und Stimmungen würden auftreten. Was in der Umgebung der Erde war, würde man jetzt im Inneren der einzelnen Menschen aufsuchen müssen. Dies bedeutet die Erscheinung des Christus Jesus, und das ist seine kosmische Bedeutung.
Alles, was Sie sonst finden können in der Geistentwickelung unserer Erde, ist Vorbereitung. Es bereitete sich in Jahrhunderten die Erscheinung des Christus vor. Es bereitete sich das bedeutsame Ereignis für die ganze kosmische Erdenentwickelung vor, indem Er gezeigt hat, wie die engen Stammesgrenzen zu überwinden sind. Sie kennen den Merkur, den Hermes Trismegistos, den Perser Zarathustra, die Inder Krishna, Buddha, den Griechen Pythagoras. Der Christos-Geist, der früher in der Umgebung der Erde war, beginnt in die Menschen einzuziehen. Dann beginnt eine Zone der Religionsstifter, in der wir mehr und mehr den Prozeß der Umwandlung sich fördern sehen und den Geist des Christentums verstehen lernen.
Die Ausgießung des Geistes — was konnte sie bewirken? Sie konnte bewirken, daß die Liebe an das Blut gebunden war. Nicht weniger als heute liebten die Menschen einander in den alten Zeiten, als sie noch kleine Stammesgemeinschaften bildeten. Sie liebten einander sogar mehr, aber sie liebten einander in der Art der Mutter- und Kindesliebe. Diese Liebe war also mehr durch die Natur bedingt. Blut fühlte sich zu Blut hingezogen, und in diesem Sich-Hingezogenfühlen von Blut zu Blut drückte sich die Zusammengehörigkeit der Menschen aus. Aber indem diejenigen, welche so in die Blutsgemeinschaft hineingezogen sind, sich vorwätrtsentwickelten, wurden die Menschen so, daß sie vereinzelt sympathisierten. Dadurch entwickelten sich kleinere Zusammenhänge, Familien und Gemeinschaften, und diese wurden wieder in größere Gemeinschaften zusammengeschlossen. Aber die einzelnen Menschen wurden egoistischer und selbstsüchtiger. So daß wir haben: die Menschheit auf der einen Seite immer selbstsüchtiger werdend, und auf der andern Seite das Einziehen des vereinheitlichenden Einflusses des Christus. Auf der einen Seite haben wir die Individualisierung, das Selbständigwerden der Individualität, auf der andern Seite den vereinheitlichenden Geist des Christentums. Nur wenn diese zwei Strömungen sich voll ausleben, wird ein Zustand auf der Erde herbeigeführt werden können, in welchem jedermann selbständig ist und auf der andern Seite wieder zusammenhängt mit allen, weil jeder durchdrungen ist von dem sogenannten Christos-Geist.
Wir müssen uns klar sein, daß alles das mit dem Blute verknüpft ist und daß im Menschenblut ursprünglich etwas ausgedrückt war, was das Gefühl und die Empfindung zutage brachte, die zwar innerhalb der Blutsverwandtschaft wirkten, aber die Blutliebe bewirkten, und daß dann die Gefühle egoistischer wurden. Die Ich-Sucht lebte sich immer mehr und mehr ins Blut ein. Das ist das Geheimnis der Menschheitsentwickelung, daß das Blut immer mehr den Charakter der IchSucht annahm. Dieses egoistisch gewordene Blut mußte überwunden werden.
Dasjenige, was der überschüssige Egoismus im menschlichen Blut war, das rann am Kreuze mystisch-real aus den Wunden des Christus Jesus heraus, das wurde geopfert. Wäre dieses Blut nicht geflossen, dann wäre im Laufe der Entwickelung die Ich-Sucht im Blute des Menschen immer größer und größer geworden. Die Reinigung des Blutes von der Ich-Sucht, das wird durch das Mysterium von Golgatha bewirkt. Das Menschenblut wurde durch diese Tat der Liebe vor seiner Ich-Sucht errettet.
Keiner versteht die kosmische Bedeutung dessen, was sich auf Golgatha vollzogen hat, der nur sieht, daß da ein Mensch am Kreuze hängt und blutet, weil mit der Lanze in ihn hereingestochen worden ist. Die tiefe mystische Bedeutung dieses Vorganges liegt darin, daß es stellvertretend das Blut ist, welches die Menschheit zu ihrer Erlösung verlieren mußte. Nie kann einer das Christentum verstehen, der diese Dinge nur materialistisch begreift, der nur den materiellen Vorgang kennt und nicht auch das Geistige, das dahintersteht. Dieses Geistige aber ist: die regenerierende Wirkung des Erlöserblutes, das am Kreuz geflossen ist. Wir verstehen die weitere Entwickelung der Menschheit nur, wenn wir erfassen, wie einschneidend diese Tatsache ist, wenn wir verstehen, daß der gewaltigste Umschwung in der geistigen Menschheitsevolution auf Erden mit dieser Tatsache zusammenhängt.
Wenn man die Entwickelung auf Erden verfolgt, findet man, daß in den alten Zeiten, bevor das Christos-Prinzip in die menschliche Seele eingezogen ist, die Mysterien des Geistes die tiefen Lehr- und Kultstätten waren. Je mehr der Christos in die Welt hineinkam, desto mehr entfalteten sich die Mysterien des Sohnes, und in der Zukunft wird man die Mysterien des Vaters pflegen. Diese werden uns in der Apokalypse schon angekündigt.
Kehren wir zu den Mysterien des Geistes zurück. Zuerst wurden sie begründet an einem Ort, der liegen würde zwischen Europa und Amerika und der längst untergegangen ist. Da wurde die Pflanzschule der großen Adepten gestiftet, da wurden die Mysterien des Geistes inauguriert, die bis in unsere Zeit sich fortgepflanzt haben. Diejenigen, welche die Proben ihrer Reife abgelegt hatten, konnten in die Mysterien des Geistes eingeweiht werden. Wer genügend unterrichtet und geläutert war, wurde zugelassen. Er hatte dann die Lehren aufgenommen, die allen Religionen als ’Theosophie zugrunde liegen und die wit heute mit der Geisteswissenschaft aufnehmen. Er hatte seine Triebe geläutert, einen geordneten Gedankengang sich anerzogen, dann sich angewöhnt, nicht nur innerhalb der Blutsbande zu lieben, sondern die ganze Menschheit in Liebe zu umfangen. Er war das geworden, was man einen «heimatlosen Menschen» nennt. Was in der Gegenwart in den höchsten Entwickelungsstadien der Menschheit geschieht, ist eine Hindeutung auf die Zukunft.
Bei den Einweihungen in den alten Mysterientempeln, die fortgepflanzt wurden bis in die letzten vorchristlichen Jahrhunderte und die sich uns zeigen, wenn wir hineinschauen in die ägyptischen Pyramiden, wurde der Schüler, der so weit gekommen war, daß er die ganze Menschheit lieben konnte, versenkt in einen dreitägigen Schlaf. Sein physischer Leib war wie tot, in vollständiger Lethargie. Der Einweihende war nun imstande, aus ihm herauszuziehen seinen Geist so, wie jede Nacht im Schlafe Ihr Geist aus dem Leibe herausgezogen ist. So wahr es ist, daß dieser Geist im gewöhnlichen Schlafe bewußtlos ist, so wahr ist es, daß er bei diesen genügend vorbereiteten Schülern bewußt wurde. Nur die störenden Eigenschaften des physischen Leibes waren nicht mehr da. An dasjenige aber, was früher gelernt worden war, konnten sich die Schüler während dieses dreitägigen Schlafes genau erinnern; dies konnten sie in ihren Leib hineinführen.
Weil der Einzuweihende gelernt hatte, weil er die entsprechenden Begriffe und Gefühle aufgenommen hatte, konnte der Initiator dasjenige, was jener als Schüler früher erarbeitet und an Empfindungen in sich aufgenommen hatte, ihn jetzt als geistige Wirklichkeit erleben lassen. Es wanderte die Seele, wenn sie während der drei Tage aus dem Leibe war, durch die astralische und devachanische Welt. So erfuhr sie real, was sie früher gelernt hatte, und so war dadurch der Mensch ein Wissender geworden. Die theosophischen Lehren waren ihm nun keine bloßen Lehren mehr; sie waren ihm dasjenige, worin er als in einem Lebenselement sich selber aufgehalten hatte. Wenn er dann wieder innerhalb des Leibes erwachte und hinschaute in die physische Umgebung, dann kam ein Laut auf seine Lippen, der sich von selbst der Seele entringt, entringen muß, wenn diese Seele nach dreieinhalbtägiger Wanderung durch die geistige Welt sich wieder in die physische Welt versetzt erblickt. Da empfand die Seele, daß das Ich ein Bürger höherer Welten geworden ist, daß das Ich in höheren Welten geweilt hat und nun hintreten kann vor die Menschen und sprechen kann von seinen Erlebnissen. Indem so der Mensch von der geistigen Welt redet, ist er ein Verkünder des Geistes in der physischen Welt geworden, ein Missionar des Geistes. Und das drückt sich aus in den Worten: «Eli, Eli, lama sabachthani!» Das heißt: Mein Gott, mein Gott, wie hast du mich verherrlicht! - Das war dasjenige, was man hören konnte von einem jeden, der in dieser Weise eingeweiht war.
Wenn Sie einen solchen Menschen nun seiner ganzen Wesenheit nach geprüft hätten, so würden Sie gefunden haben, ein solcher Eingeweihter aus den Mysterien des Geistes war eine Vorherverkündigung desjenigen, was in Christus Jesus für die ganze Menschheit da war. Allerdings nur innerlich, und zwar im sogenannten Ätherleib, war erwacht bei einem solchen Eingeweihten die Budhi. So gab es im ganzen Altertum der vorchristlichen Zeit Eingeweihte des Geistes, in denen der Sohn, der Christos, innerlich erwacht war. Nicht bis in den physischen Leib hinein war dieser Christos gedrungen, aber er war erwacht innerhalb des Ätherleibes. Als Äthermenschen waren sie unsterblich geworden, diese Eingeweihten.
Jetzt besteht der große Menschheitsfortschritt darin, daß dasjenige, was für die großen Eingeweihten des Geistes gilt, auch gilt von der Erscheinung des Christus Jesus auf der Erde. Von dem, der am Kreuze starb, gilt dies aber bis in den physischen Leib hinein. Alles, was in den alten Mysterien außerhalb des Leibes erlebt werden konnte, das konnte man in diesem einen Falle auf dem physischen Weltenplane sehen dutch das Ereignis von Golgatha. Auch für die bloß mit physischen Augen Begabten war das sichtbar. Sehen konnten es in den alten Zeiten diejenigen, die bis dahin gedrungen waren. Selig wurden sie, weil sie innerlich, als Auserwählte, erlebten, wie das Leben über den Tod siegen muß. Das brauchte man von jetzt ab nicht mehr. Durch das Ereignis von Golgatha hatte es sich vor den physischen Menschen abgespielt. Da war es geschehen, daß das Leben den Tod überwunden hat. Und durch die Verbindung mit diesem Einzigen, durch das Band, das wie ein Familienband jeden einzelnen damit verbindet, wurde der Ersatz geschaffen für dasjenige, was man in den Mysterien des Geistes gehabt hatte.
Eines der großen, bedeutsamen Bilder innerhalb der Mysterien des Geistes muß ich schildern, wenn Sie verstehen wollen die Mysterien des Sohnes. Ich muß schildern, wie der, welcher dreieinhalb Tage im Schlafe lag, umgeben wurde von zwölf Menschengestalten, mit denen er zusammen wie um eine Tafel saß. Und als was müssen sie erscheinen einem jeden, der als Eingeweihter die Erlebnisse der höheren Welt erlebt hatte? Vor einem solchen waren zwölf seiner Inkarnationen aufgetreten, zwölf seiner verschiedenen Leiber, durch die er selbst durchgegangen war. Diese zwölf Leiber waren nichts anderes als das, was er in sich trug als die Glieder seines Leibes. In okkulter Beziehung teilt man den menschlichen Leib in zwölf Glieder, und diese sollen nichts anderes sein als die Wiedergabe von zwölf Inkarnationen, durch die der Mensch allmählich gereinigt wird und zu einer höheren Stufe der Vollkommenheit hinaufgeführt wird. So fühlte sich der Mensch umgeben von den Gestalten, durch die er einst selbst hindurchgegangen ist, und er sagte sich: Die Gestalt, die du früher getragen hast, sie lebt in einem deiner Glieder; in einem andern lebt die zweite Gestalt, in einem andern die dritte, in einem andern die vierte und so weiter. So umgeben sie dich, wie bei einer Mahlzeit die Gäste den Gastgeber.
Das war ein Bild, das vor eines jeden Seele in den Mysterien des Geistes zu sehen war. Derjenige, der den Abschluß machte, das war der Menschensohn, der nicht mehr der Sohn einer Familie, eines Stammes, eines Volkes ist, sondern der Sohn der ganzen Menschheit. Die höchste Vollkommenheit unter den Zwölfen hatte eigentlich der Dreizehnte. Und weil er außerhalb seines irdischen Selbstes war, sah er sich als den Dreizehnten.
Was so in der höheren Welt von jedem Einzuweihenden erlebt wurde, das wollen wir jetzt einmal verfolgen, wie es im Christus Jesus wiederholt wurde. Es ist eingekleidet wie in einen Schleier, so wie alles äußerlich exoterisch Gegebene in Schleier eingehüllt ist. Das OÖstermahl, das der Christus mit den Zwölfen begeht, soll kein gewöhnliches Mahl sein. Es soll etwas anderes sein: es soll auf dem physischen Plan die Wiederholung dessen sein, was so und so oft die Eingeweihten des Geistes auf dem höheren Plane erlebt haben.
Es heißt im Lukas-Evangelium, Kapitel 22, Vers 7-12: «Es kam nun der Tag der süßen Brote, und die Jünger sprachen zu Jesu: Wo willst du, daß wir das Osterlamm bereiten? Er sagte: Siehe, wenn ihr in die Stadt hineinkommet, wird euch ein Mensch begegnen, der trägt einen Wasserkrug. Folget ihm nach in das Haus, wo er hineingeht und sagt zu dem Hausherrn: Der Meister läßt dir sagen: Wo ist die Herberge, darin ich mit meinen Jüngern das Osterlamm essen möge? — Und er wird euch einen großen Saal zeigen, daselbst bereitet es.»
Während des Ostermahles erklärte Er nochmals, daß das Brot Sein Leib ist, und daß das Blut, das in Seinem Leibe fließt, ist wie der Saft in dem Leibe der Pflanze. Er darf sagen in bezug auf den Pflanzensaft, in bezug auf den Wein: «Das ist mein Blut», und Er darf es deshalb sagen, weil Er der Geist der Erde ist. Er darf sagen von allen Stoffen: «Das ist mein Leib», und von allen Säften: «Das ist mein Blut.»
Dann kommt die Szene, wo der Christus Jesus die Mysterien des Geistes weiterentwickelt zu den Mysterien des Sohnes, um sie dann fortzuleiten zu den Mysterien des Vaters. Wieder haben Sie sich vorzustellen, daß die zwölf Apostel, die um ihn herumsitzen, eine Verkörperung seiner zwölf eigenen Körperglieder sind. Wenn Sie sich das richtig vor die Seele führen, wenn Sie versuchen, mit Zartheit und innerem Seelentakt eine Stelle zu fassen, die geradezu das Tiefste, was im Christentum enthalten ist, enthüllt — eigentlich verhüllt -, dann werden Sie den Übergang von den Mysterien des Geistes zu den Mysterien des Sohnes geistig erfassen können.
Denken Sie noch einmal daran, was geschehen mußte, als die Mysterien des Sohnes herankamen: hingedeutet mußte werden darauf, daß das Blut die Bindung an die Blutsbande verlieren muß. Die Blutsbande würden einst dem Menschen weniger bedeuten als der Egoismus. Indem der Christus Jesus hinblickte auf die künftige Mission des Christentums, fühlte er, daß diese nur erreicht werden könne durch sein Opfer. Es mußte so sein. Denn Zeiten würden kommen, wo die Menschen immer egoistischer und egoistischer werden, um zur Freiheit zu gelangen. Deshalb mußte das überschüssige egoistische Blut durch eine kosmische Tat geopfert werden, damit die Menschen, trotz der Selbständigkeit, einst zu dem großen Bruderbund vereinigt werden können. Was da ist, gerade durch die Menschheit, und was durch das Christentum vergeistigt, veredelt werden soll, das egoistische Element, es ist immer größer und größer geworden. Die Menschen werden dadurch immer selbständiger und selbständiger. Aber überblicken wir einmal das, was seither den Erdball umsponnen hat, überblicken wir die äußeren Verkehrsmittel: Was sind sie anderes als Veranstaltungen zur Befriedigung des Egoismus? Alles, was Verstand und Vernunft ersonnen haben, ist nur ersonnen zur Befriedigung des Egoismus, wenn auch auf Umwegen. Weniger egoistisch war die Menschheit, als man das Getreide noch mit zwei Steinen mahlte. Weil aber die Menschheit selbständig werden mußte, so mußte sie auch durch den Egoismus hindurchgehen, und unsere ganze materielle Kultur ist die Unterlage dazu.
Wie derjenige, der in die Mysterien des Geistes eingeweiht wurde, seine eigenen Inkarnationen sieht und an ihrer Spitze sich selbst, das, was nun das Vollkommenste ist, wie der Menschensohn den Kreis seiner Jünger als die Ausprägungen seiner selbst gesehen hat, so sieht derjenige, der in die Zukunft blickt, die Gestaltungen, welche die Menschheit durchmachen muß. Wer die Mysterien des Sohnes durchlebt, sieht in die Zukunft hinein bis zum Ende der Erdenentwickelung, wo der Erdenzustand übergeht in einen neuen Sternenzustand. Der Christus Jesus konnte daher vom ersten Zustand damals sagen: Ihr, die ihr um mich sitzet, stellt dar verschiedene Grade der Vollkommenheit, und wenn ich in die Zukunft blicke, so seid ihr, wie ihr hier sitzet, die zwölf Stationen. Die müssen aber überwunden werden. Ich muß sie durch mich hindurch zum Vater hinüberleiten. Wie durch mich hindurch muß ich euch zum Vater führen, damit die Erde zu einem höheren Vollkommenheitsgrade aufsteigen kann. — Alles, was an Sinnlichkeit vorhanden ist, alles, was an Triebe und Leidenschaft und Affekte der Menschen gebunden ist, muß überwunden werden. Das zeigt sich symbolisch an dem, was an den Zwölfen geschieht.
Das Zeitalter, das folgt, ist vertreten durch Judas Ischariot. Mit dem Repräsentanten der größten Sittlichkeit ist verknüpft der Repräsentant der niederen Sinnlichkeit. Judas Ischariot ist es, der eigentlich in unmittelbarer Folge das Christentum verrät. Oh, es wird eine Zeit kommen, in der es so ausschauen wird, wie wenn dasjenige, was auf Golgatha geschah, auch auf der ganzen Erde geschähe! Es wird so aussehen, als wenn der Egoismus dem Christus, der Budhi, den Tod bringen sollte. Das wird die Zeit des Antichrist sein. Das ist das Gesetz, daß alles, was um das Kreuz herum geschah, auch auf dem physischen Plane wird geschehen müssen. Was auf Golgatha geschehen ist, hat zugleich eine tiefe symbolische Bedeutung. Der Verrat des Judas bedeutet das Überhandnehmen der niederen Triebe. Aber alles Sinnliche muß sich vergeistigen.
Damit wird hingedeutet auf die künftige Entwickelung der Menschheit innerhalb der Erde. Das habe ich öfter angeführt. Alles, was niedrig ist am Menschen, wird von ihm abfallen. Es bereitet sich im Menschen schon dasjenige vor, was er später sein wird. Nicht in der Art wird er schöpferisch sein wie heute. Nicht aus seinen niederen Leidenschaften heraus wird er schaffen. Wie er heute das Wort hervorbringt, das Wort, welches das Höchste verkörpern kann, so wird er durch das Wort immer schöpferischer werden. Wie er durch die Sexualität egoistischer geworden ist, so wird er durch den Wegfall der Sexualität wieder selbstlos werden. Was man heute nur durch den Luftstrom aus dem Kehlkopf hervorbringt, das Wort, das wird in der Zukunft der Menschheit schaffend werden. Die Mutierung, das Ändern der Stimme, hängt mit der Geschlechtsreife zusammen. Die Stimme wird das Hervorbringende werden. Und indem das Wort das Hervorbringende werden wird, wird dieses Wort zu gleicher Zeit - in der Zukunft, weil das ganze Verhältnis sich umkehren wird — der Ausdruck der Herrschaft des Menschen über die Luft sein. Also dasjenige, was ihn ursprünglich durchhaucht hat, wird umgestaltend wirken auf etwas, was noch tiefer mit seinem Wesen zusammenhängt. Es wird das Wort schöpferisch werden für die Blutbereitung. Selbst das Blut des Menschen wird umgestaltet werden. Es wird nur noch reine, selbstlose Gefühle hervorbringen können. Ein Menschengeschlecht wird es geben, das durch das Wort schöpferisch sein wird. Die Selbstlosigkeit wird sich umsetzen in eine Eigenschaft des Blutes, und das Denkorgan wird sich umsetzen in das Herz. Da haben wir die eine der zwei Evolutionen, die auf das Christentum folgen. Das Zeitalter, in dem der Egoismus herrscht, ist repräsentiert durch Judas Ischariot. Wer unbefangen die Weltgeschehnisse betrachtet, der sieht, wie die Sexualität im Menschen imstande ist, ihn als Geist zu verraten, ihn zu töten. Es wird aber der Mensch, so wie er heute sich sein Höheres, das Wort erzeugt, durch das Wort einst schöpferisch wirken dann, wenn das Herz sein Geistorgan sein wird.
Nun bitte ich Sie, dies anzuwenden auf das Evangelium und eine Stelle zu beachten, welche in wunderbarer Weise, mit einer grandiosen Symbolik das ausdrückt, was ich jetzt gesagt habe. Sehen Sie hin, was daraus folgen wird, wenn das Christentum selbstlos und brüderlich sein wird; wie das, was den Menschen egoistisch macht, in Judas Ischariot verkörpert ist, und sehen Sie auch dasjenige, wohin die Menschheit sich durch die zwölf Stationen entwickeln wird: zu der Gestalt, die der Christus Jesus selbst angenommen hat. Es steigt alles herauf nach dem Herzen.
Die Umwandlung vollzieht sich so, daß die schaffende Kraft heraufdrängt vom Schoße nach dem Herzen. Bei dem, welcher der Ausdruck der höchsten Gestalt und Jesus am nächsten ist, muß das zum Ausdruck kommen. Und nun lesen Sie: «Einer von den Jüngern, der, den Jesus liebhatte, lag zu Tische im Schoße Jesu. Dem winkte Simon Petrus, daß er forschen sollte, wer es wäre. Da legte sich dieser an die Brust Jesu und sprach zu ihm: Herr, wer ist es?» Das ist eine Stelle, die ausdrückt, wie die niederste Produktionskraft des Menschen heraufrückt in die Brust, dargestellt durch den intimsten Schüler des Christus Jesus. Mit einer Zartheit, die nicht grandioser gedacht werden kann, wird das Mysterium des Sohnes, das Mysterium Jesu angedeutet. Daß es ein Mysterium sein soll, das können Sie bei dem eingeweihten Jünger selber lesen am Schlusse dieser ganzen Szene, nachdem er durchlebt hatte, wie er verwandelt sein und durch den Sohn zum Vater kommen wird. Was kann er da sagen? Auf einer höheren Stufe kann er selber sagen, was die Eingeweihten sagten: «Eli, Eli, lama sabachthani.» Das sagt er. Lesen Sie es selber bei Johannes: «Da spricht Jesus: Jetzt ist des Menschen Sohn verherrlicht, und Gott ist in ihm verherrlicht.»
Es war dieses Ostermahl die Vorbereitung zu dem, was sich dann auf dem physischen Plan vollzogen hat. Daher lernen wir am ChristusTod die Überwindung des Todes auf dem physischen Plan, die Überwindung des egoistischen Blutes durch das Rinnen des Blutes aus den Wunden. Und wir lernen auch jene große Perspektive kennen, indem vom Kreuz herunter diese Worte wieder tönen, aus dem Bewußtsein der Zukunft hervortönen: Die Erde ist am Ziel der großen Brüderlichkeit, der Vergeistigung, der Überwindung alles dessen angelangt, was den Geist des Menschen herunterziehen könnte.
Diejenigen Menschen, die das an der Seite des Christus mitgemacht haben, werden, wenn sie aus der Erdenentwickelung hinausgehen und zu einer höheren Entwickelung aufsteigen, sich um den Christus scharen können, und der Christus Jesus wird noch einmal rufen können, das Ende der Erdenvervollkommnung erblickend, die Worte, die Er damals am Kreuze gerufen hat: «Eli, Eli, lama sabachthani!» «Mein Gott, mein Gott, wie hast du das Ich in der Menschheit verherrlicht, vergeistigt.» Das bedeuten diese Worte. Es gibt auch eine spätere, falsche Übersetzung, die sich anlehnen wollte an die Psalmworte, aber die wahrhafte Übersetzung der Worte ist die, welche Sie jetzt kennen. Das sind die Worte, die das Mysterium zu Golgatha ausdrücken: Mein Gott, mein Gott, wie stark, wie sehr hast du mich verherrlicht, vergeistigt.
Dieses Wort enthüllt uns das Sich-Losringen des Geistes vom Leibe. Das Mysterium des Sohnes enthüllt uns, daß damals der innere seherische Blick des Welterlösers hinschaute bis zum Ende der Erdenvervollkommnung und das große Ziel der Menschheit aussprach in diesen Worten von der Überwindung aller Unterschiede und der Begründung der großen Menschenliebe. Dieses Ziel wird nicht anders erreicht als dadurch, daß die Menschen lernen, in die geistige Welt immer mehr und mehr geistig einzugehen. Denn im Geiste liegt die Vereinheitlichung der Menschheit. So wie die Menschen eins waren, als sie herausgetreten sind aus dem Geiste, aus dem Einheitlichen, aus dem Allverfließenden der Gottheit, wie sie dann individualisiert sind, indem sie herunterzogen in die einzelnen Menschenleiber — wie das Wasser individualisiert wird, wenn die Wassertropfen aufgesaugt werden von kleinen Schwämmchen -, so werden die individuell gewordenen einzelnen Menschen wieder einheitlich werden, wenn sie, mit Aufrechterhaltung ihrer Individualität, in den großen Bruderbund eintreten und dadurch sich vorbereiten, vergöttlichte Schöpfer zu sein, wie sie Götter, Schöpfer waren, bevor sie als Menschen auf der Erde aufgetreten sind.
Von einem göttlichen Wesen geht die Menschheitsentwickelung aus, und zu einem göttlichen Wesen geht sie zurück. Die verschiedenen Iche werden individuell sein, aber zu gleicher Zeit werden sie, indem sie zu dem Bruderbund vereinigt sind, eine Einheit bilden, die einen neuen Stern gebären wird, jenen neuen Stern, der in der Apokalypse genannt wird «das neue Jerusalem». Die menschlichen Iche werden geboten in ihrer Ichheit, und dann werden die Sphärenharmonien das Echo bilden zu den Worten, in die das Mysterium von Golgatha sich geschlossen hat, zu den Worten: «Mein Gott, mein Gott, wie hast du mich verherrlicht!»
Damals wurden diese Worte gesprochen, und wiederholt werden sie, went die Menschen auf die höchsten Stufen emporsteigen zu immer höheren Höhen, wo sie durchgeschritten sein werden durch den Sohn zum Vater. Der Sohn führt die Menschen bis zum Ende der Erdenentwickelung; dann sind sie in den Kosmos wieder aufgenommen mit erhaltenem Ich. Dann geht die Erde zum Vater zurück. «Niemand kommt zum Vater denn durch mich.»
Weit, weit schaut der geistige Blick, wenn der Mensch sich einläßt auf ein Begreifen dieses tiefen Geheimnisses von Golgatha. Aber Feste, wie die großen Feste des Jahres, sie sind da als die großen Abschnitte, an denen die Menschen haltmachen sollen vor dem gewöhnlichen alltäglichen Treiben, und an denen sie den Blick schweifen lassen sollen zu den großen Merksteinen der Entwickelung, an denen sie hinschauen sollen nicht nur über Jahrhunderte, sondern über Jahrtausende hinweg. Mit einer im Bewußtsein aufgehenden Schau sollen wir durch die Menschheit hindurchgehen. Wenn wir es wirken lassen auf unsere Seele, das weite, zukünftige Ziel, wie es uns gelehrt wird von den großen Führern der Menschheit, wenn wir dieses ferne Ziel wirken lassen, das uns so weit ist, das uns so nahe sein kann, wenn es Kraft wird in unseren Herzen — dann allein erreichen wir es.
Lassen wir solche Feste wie dieses niemals an uns vorübergehen, ohne daß wir uns solche große Zukunftsperspektiven der Menschheit in die Seele schreiben! Zu dem Alltäglichen haben die Menschen am Alltag Zeit. Wenn aber die Feiertagsglocken klingen, dann mag der Mensch sich erinnern, daß er nicht bloß ein Kind der Zeit ist, sondern als Geist auch ein Kind der Ewigkeit.
The Purification of the Blood from Egoism through the Mystery of Golgotha
Today we want to talk about the Mystery of Golgotha and at the same time offer a spiritual scientific reflection on Easter. Eight days ago, I was able to point out here that the Mystery of Golgotha is not only significant in the historical development of humanity like any other historical event, but that it has a profound meaning for the entire development of the Earth, insofar as we naturally include human beings in this development of the Earth. At that time, I was able to draw your attention to how the transformation of our planet would have appeared to an observer of our globe who could gaze upon our planet from a distant planet through the millennia. In fact, such an eye looking down from a distant planet would see how the appearance of the Earth has changed over the millennia before our era. And if it were a clairvoyant eye, that is, an eye that could not only observe what is happening physically on our planet, but could also observe the spiritual transformation, it would see that with the appearance of Christ Jesus on Earth, the entire spiritual atmosphere of Earth changes, becomes different.
Just as human beings have a physical body, an etheric body, and an astral body, so too does the Earth have a physical body, an etheric body, and an astral body. We are all enveloped not only by the air, but also by the etheric body and the astral body of the Earth. We live with our physical body not only in the air, but also in the etheric body and astral body of the earth, and such an observer would see this etheric and astral body of the earth with his clairvoyant eye. This etheric and astral body of the earth would have a certain color and a certain movement until the appearance of Christ Jesus. But then it transforms and takes on new colors and new movement. This event is so profound for our Earth and the development of humanity that the entire spiritual content of our Earth becomes different.
You must not understand this as if it happened suddenly with the birth, suffering, and death of Christ. It has been prepared over centuries in the spiritual content of our planet, and it is not yet complete today. One could still see with such an eye how what the earth received as a new spiritual impact at that time is still condensing and consolidating. It will be a long time before all the fruits of the earth that were brought forth at that time with the appearance of Christ Jesus are harvested.
If we want to understand what this is all about, we must let the entire development of the earth pass before our minds once again. We must go back to that age of the earth's development in which, so to speak, man in his present form first developed and was first formed. We call it the Lemurian age. We arrive at this time when we go back through the various historical epochs of our present age.
We are now living in the so-called fifth sub-age of the fifth main age of our Earth. If we go back to the time of the Greco-Latin peoples, that is, to the time when that wonderful art, which actually only emerged in the Greek era, developed, and when Roman legal concepts were formed, then we would be in the fourth sub-era of our calendar. Going back even further, we would come to an age that saw the high development of the Egyptian-Babylonian-Assyrian period. Going back even further, we would find the age in which the first seeds of spiritual life sprouted, when Zarathustra gave it its first spiritual culture. That would have been the second age. Going back even further, we would come to the ancient Indian people, not the ones described in the Vedas and the Bhagavad Gita, but the pre-Vedic people who were taught by the holy rishis themselves. Here we come to a wonderful ancient culture that clairvoyants can still see through. It is the first age of development, immediately preceded by the flooding of our earth, which washed away the Atlantic continent that lay between Europe and America.
Our ancestors lived in Atlantis, the people of the fourth main epoch, who did not yet live in a social order as we do today, where there were no commandments, no laws. Nor was there logical thinking or arithmetic at that time. It was only in the last period of the Atlantean epoch that the elements of counting emerged. The highest soul power gradually became memory. Humans lived in wonderful interaction with nature. However, we can only imagine the age of Atlantean culture correctly if we know that the physical conditions on our earth were completely different then than they later became. In Central European legends, a memory of that ancient Atlantean age has been preserved in Niflheim or Nebelheim. That Nebelheim was truly permeated by heavy, dense fog, and because all beings lived in such heavy, dense fog, the spiritual conditions were also completely different.
It would take us too far afield to continue describing the Atlantean age. I only wanted to hint at it, and I had to, if we are to reach the point in time when humans took on their present form. We would have to go back not to a flood, but to powerful revolutions brought about by fiery forces. These fiery revolutions destroyed the land known in theosophical literature as Lemuria. It was located deep in the south and stretched from northern Africa to southern Australia. It was the area that first saw humans in their present form.
If we go far back in this Lemurian period, we would see people walking around on Earth who were very different in appearance from today's humans, beings who cannot yet be called human because they did not yet have the seed of the human soul within them, which alone enabled them to ascend to higher degrees of development. We would find human forms that only had the shell for the human soul, humans who only had a physical body, an etheric body, and an astral body. And the astral bodies had a kind of indentation — to be understood figuratively — to receive the consciousness of the I. Basically, the four members of the human shell were already there, but what you now call “I,” what lives in you today, was still in the bosom of the Godhead at that time.
So these figures walked on this earth. If I were to describe to you these human figures that were ready to receive the human core, I would have to say: they were very different from today's humans. They would seem extremely grotesque to you, standing at the extreme limits of ugliness. These human “shells” were enveloped on all sides, as today's humans are by air, by a spiritual atmosphere. They were enveloped by a spiritual circle of air; they lived and wove within a spiritual circle of air.
If I wanted to give a schematic drawing of what people were like at that time, I would have to draw these people as vessels that were ready to receive higher spiritual content. The inner space should mean a hollowed-out astral body that is ready to receive higher spiritual content. This higher content was still in the atmosphere surrounding it, in the spiritual layer of air. So what is inside each of you today was not yet inside human beings at that time; it surrounded and enveloped them. Of course, you must realize that the spirit can take on different forms, that what was your spirit at that time did not need a physical body. Its further development consists precisely in the fact that it has taken on the physical body in order to develop further inwardly as a soul. What lives within you today lived outside of you at that time, in the spiritual atmosphere that surrounded you. But the individual souls that live separately in their bodies today did not yet live separately at that time.
Let us imagine this as if there were thousands of drops of water in this glass of water, all connected to each other. In this way, all the souls that were then distributed among human beings were like drops of soul in this spiritual atmosphere, but dissolved in a uniformly flowing element. And you can imagine even further: if I took a thousand little sponges and let them soak up a thousand drops, then these thousand drops would now be distributed among the thousand sponges. This is how you must imagine the distribution of the spiritual in the Lemurian age. What was previously in the surroundings descended into the bodies; they became special beings. Just as the thousand drops of water individualize themselves in the thousand sponges, so the communal spiritual substance individualized itself in the Lemurian epoch in the individual shells. Not every such human shell took in the soul equally in the early days of the Lemurian epoch. If I were to schematically indicate how the soul content was taken in, I would have to indicate it to you as follows (see drawing on p. 277). But I would also have to indicate that much remained in the environment, outside the body, so that the body was simultaneously surrounded by spiritual content that was similar to the part that was already inside the shell.
The development through the Lemurian and Atlantean ages up to the present day consisted in that which was outside the physical body being gradually drawn into the physical body throughout the Lemurian and the entire Atlantean ages. You must imagine that human beings were constantly in a state of half-sleep and half-wakefulness. This state was, however, connected with a kind of clairvoyance. If someone whose spiritual eye was open had been able to look at the people of the Atlantean epoch, they would have appeared to him as people do today when they are asleep. When a person is asleep, the physical and etheric bodies lie in bed and the higher spiritual content spreads out around them. It is precisely because this is outside that the state of sleep is brought about. You would see the Atlantean people in such a permanent state of sleep, but one that is filled with vivid dreams.
When a person in those days approached another person, they did not see them as we see them today, with boundaries, but a certain color form arose in their soul. And this color form meant, when he approached a being that was sympathetic to him, precisely this sympathy, and in the case of a being that was antipathetic to him, this was shown in antipathetic shades of color. So it was that people at that time perceived their entire environment more clairvoyantly, and that the more spiritual substance sank into them, the more their consciousness became what we recognize today as clear daytime consciousness.
What I have described here as the sinking of the soul into the physical body also has its physical side, its physical corollary. This physical corollary is significantly hinted at in the Old Testament in the words: “And God breathed into the man the breath of life, and he became a living soul.” In fact, at that time, not only was the stream of air breathed into man, but also that which lived through him as a spiritual being. You must realize that what lives around us as matter is by no means merely matter, merely substance. When you feel air, you must be aware that it is a spiritual element that completely surrounds the physical body, and that with every breath you take, you inhale not only physical air, but also spirit. It is entirely true that in former times, when people breathed in physical air in the way they do in their present form — for this is indicated in the Old Testament — everything that has been recorded here sank into the physical shell. And if you were to ask: What was the body of man at that time, when the soul descended from the bosom of the Godhead? — The body was the air, and today you still breathe what sank into the body of man at that time. For what is called spirit is in the air. The air is only the body, the substance of this spirit.
Now you must also realize how something else was connected with this kind of breathing of air, with this descent of the spirit into the human shell. It is intimately connected with what we call the warm blood of human beings, or rather, blood that is warmer than the environment. Before this point in our earth's development, there were no warm-blooded beings. Warm-blooded animals only came into being later. Warm-bloodedness was linked to this breathing, so that something else happened at that time: a certain quantum, a certain amount of warmth, entered into each such human shell, the warmth of the blood that you carry within you and which is a higher warmth than that of your surroundings. At that time, in the period preceding this actual human evolution, there was something else in the environment of the physical human ancestors on Earth, something quite different from the spirit embodied in the air. You can get an idea of what was still present in the Earth's atmosphere if you imagine the following — not exactly, but figuratively, but still real — if you think of the warmth that was present in the various human beings who lived on Earth, [if you think] of the warmth that lives in your blood, and then the warmth that flowed out into your surroundings, and all this warmth enveloping the Earth, that is, all the warmth of the blood, all the warmth that comes from the blood and flows within us: it is the warmth that used to surround us. You have absorbed the warmth that used to surround us. Just as the spirit that was outside you is now inside you, so too is the warmth that was outside you now inside you.
We would thus come to the time when the whole earth was enveloped in a warm atmosphere. In this warm atmosphere, another spirituality was embodied, a spirituality that was the same as those spirits that were on the sun — which was one of the three planets that preceded the earth — and which had once, when the sun was still a planet, reached their perfection. The spirituality embodied in this warmth has a level of perfection that only those spirits have who reached the goal of their development on the sun planet at that time and who now inhabit the sun. In fact, at that time, when this warmth enveloped the Earth, it was the bearer of a single spirituality for all humanity. And for a long, long time, what surrounds the Earth in warmth was the bearer of a single spirituality for all people, that spirituality which is none other than the spirit of the Earth itself.
Just as every human being has their own spirit, just as every human being is imbued with their own spirituality, so too, for those who see through these things, every planet and every material being is at the same time the expression of a spiritual being. Thus, our Earth is the body or the spiritual expression of the Earth spirit. The means by which the Earth spirit can penetrate into human beings is this blood warmth. In the warmth of the blood that lives in human beings, which lived outside of human beings in pre-Lemurian times, we have the means by which the spirit of the earth penetrates into human beings themselves.
So you must imagine that at that time, when actual human evolution began in the Lemurian epoch, on the one hand the spirit belonging to the air descended upon human beings, and then that higher spirit contained in the warmth of the blood, the actual Earth spirit, began to descend. These two spirits relate to each other in such a way that one can say: It is the spirit that has its body in the air that has made it possible for human beings to speak. For the part of the human organism that makes the present process of breathing possible also makes speech possible. Speech developed in the Atlantean epoch, and the highest expression of speech was what learned to say “I” at the end of the Atlantean epoch.
This is a process that begins in the Lemurian epoch and gradually reaches its perfection towards the end of the Atlantean epoch. The Bible says: “And God breathed into man the breath of life, and he became a living soul.” This became more and more perfect until it became the word “I,” until the spirit began to speak from within the human being itself and began to call out from within the human being: “J-a-h-v-e.” This is at the same time the eternal core of being in every individual human being: “I am that I am, who was and who will be.” “I am” is the deepest inner core of being, which sank in at that time and will remain in all eternity as individuality.
This was the first outpouring of the deity. It is called the outpouring of the Spirit, the outpouring of Yahweh. This outpouring of the Spirit or Yahweh is depicted in the myths of religious peoples, which are still more intelligent than scientific writings, in such a way that this god lives in the passing wind, in what whispers in the air, what moves in the air across the globe. From Germanic and also Jewish and Hebrew legends, in which Yahweh is depicted as a storm or wind god, it is clear that we are dealing with a deity whose outer body is in the air stream and who has poured himself into man.
This deity, in its essence, in which it descended into human beings, probably had an effect on the individualization of human beings, in that what was a uniformly flowing element, which in pre-Flood times surrounded human beings in a magnificent form, spread out among individual human beings like water when individual drops are absorbed by sponges. But it was not able to individualize human beings completely. Humans first had to find the transition to complete individualization. Humans were not immediately called upon to become completely individual. First, they formed groups. It has already been mentioned that humans formed small tribal groups. At that time, humans did not yet feel themselves to be separate individuals. Human individuality felt like part of such a tribal group or a family, completely belonging, just as the hand belongs to the body. Humans today, who are endowed with a completely different consciousness, can no longer really imagine belonging to a tribe, feeling themselves inside the body of an entire tribe. But that is how it is, and the more the small tribes spread, the more the family became a tribe, the more individualized man became.
What we recognize here as a process of becoming isolated, what we recognize as a continuous process of becoming individual, you must imagine as being bound to human blood. You will understand this bondage to his blood when I tell you something that I ask you to remember: this outpouring of the spirit that took place in the Lemurian period was not a uniform outpouring. You could have seen there that many spirits descended from the spiritual environment of the earth onto the earth. There were many individualities involved. When we speak of Yahweh, we are not dealing with a single deity, but with many folk deities. The Jews are aware that it was one among many, among many deities. Because many such folk souls — which I ask you to take as reality — descended, the peoples were divided into tribes. And the further they progressed in their development, the more they formed families, tribes, where they then joined together to form larger tribes. However, it was not possible in this way to unite into a large, unified brotherhood. Only in this way did this union of all humanity on earth become possible, and it will gradually be realized that, in addition to this sending forth of the spirit and the inspiration of human beings with this spirit, which flowed down into many folk souls, something else also flowed, something that lived in the warmth of the earth, not in the air, and that this more general element flowed into human beings. What first flowed in is also called the Holy Spirit in Christian esotericism. When speaking of the ancient spirits that flowed in, one should actually speak of many holy spirits, of many Yahves. But when speaking of the spirit that has all the warmth within itself, one can only speak of a single one. Within Christian esotericism, it is called the Logos, Christos himself, the unified spirit of the human race on Earth.
If you now consider that everything that lives in the spirit itself, everything that we call Manas, descended in multiplicity, and that everything that is called Budhi poured out over humanity as a spiritual unity, then you have the contrast. And you will understand that humanity first had to be prepared by the outpouring of the Spirit for the outpouring of Christos or Budhi, the Spirit of Life. Until the moment when Christ Jesus appeared on Earth, everything that was present of the Christ Spirit was a unity. It was a unified shell that surrounded the entire earth, which had its skeletal system, as it were, in the solid earth. If you take the solid earth with all that it contains, and then add to it the warmth that surrounds the earth, you have approximately what is called the body of the Christ Spirit. Hence the beautiful words in the Gospel of John, where Christ Jesus himself describes himself as the Spirit of the Earth: “He who eats my bread tramples me underfoot.” What does man eat when he eats? Bread. He eats the bread that is the body of Christ. And as he walks on the earth, man does the other thing: he tramples him underfoot. This is to be taken quite literally.
Just as in the Lemurian epoch the element of the spirit of Yahweh poured into individual personalities, so too, in the epochs that preceded Christ Jesus and in those that now follow him, the Christ spirit, which has its body in the warmth of the blood, gradually poured in. And when the whole Christ Spirit has been poured out into human individualities, then Christianity, the great brotherhood of humanity, will have conquered the earth. Then there will be no more consciousness of cliques and small groups, but only the consciousness that humanity is a brotherhood. Even with the greatest individualization, everyone will still be drawn to one another. The small tribal and ethnic communities will have given way to the community of the spirit of life, the Budhi, the community of Christ.This will be seen by a soul's eye that looks down on our planet as a clairvoyant eye. It could follow how, at that time, the Christ spirit was fully contained in what surrounds the earth and how it pours into individual human beings. The earth would see itself changing more and more. Different colors and moods would appear. What was in the environment of the earth would now have to be sought within individual human beings. This is the meaning of the appearance of Christ Jesus, and this is his cosmic significance.
Everything else you can find in the spiritual development of our Earth is preparation. The appearance of Christ was prepared over centuries. This significant event for the entire cosmic development of the Earth was prepared by His showing how the narrow tribal boundaries can be overcome. You know Mercury, Hermes Trismegistos, the Persian Zarathustra, the Indians Krishna, Buddha, the Greek Pythagoras. The Christos spirit, which used to be in the vicinity of the Earth, begins to enter into human beings. Then begins a zone of religious founders, in which we see more and more the process of transformation being promoted and learn to understand the spirit of Christianity.
The outpouring of the Spirit — what could it achieve? It could achieve that love was bound to the blood. People loved each other no less in ancient times than they do today, when they still formed small tribal communities. They loved each other even more, but they loved each other in the manner of mother and child. This love was therefore more conditioned by nature. Blood was attracted to blood, and this attraction between blood expressed the togetherness of human beings. But as those who were drawn into this blood community developed further, people began to sympathize with each other individually. This led to the development of smaller groups, families and communities, which in turn were united into larger communities. But individuals became more selfish and self-centered. So we have, on the one hand, humanity becoming increasingly self-centered and, on the other hand, the unifying influence of Christ. On the one hand, we have individualization, the independence of individuality, and on the other, the unifying spirit of Christianity. Only when these two currents are fully realized will it be possible to bring about a state on earth in which everyone is independent and, on the other hand, connected with everyone else, because everyone is imbued with the so-called Christ spirit.
We must be clear that all this is connected with blood and that human blood originally expressed something that brought forth feelings and sensations which, although they worked within blood relations, brought about blood love, and that then feelings became more selfish. Egoism became more and more ingrained in the blood. This is the secret of human development, that blood increasingly took on the character of egoism. This blood, which had become selfish, had to be overcome.
That which was the excess of egoism in human blood flowed mystically and realistically from the wounds of Christ Jesus on the cross; it was sacrificed. If this blood had not flowed, then in the course of evolution, egoism in human blood would have become greater and greater. The purification of blood from egoism is brought about by the mystery of Golgotha. Through this act of love, human blood was saved from its egoism.
No one understands the cosmic significance of what took place on Golgotha who only sees that a human being hangs on the cross and bleeds because he has been pierced with a lance. The deep mystical meaning of this event lies in the fact that it is the blood that humanity had to lose for its redemption. No one who understands these things only in a materialistic way, who knows only the material process and not the spiritual behind it, can ever understand Christianity. But this spiritual aspect is the regenerating effect of the Redeemer's blood that flowed on the cross. We can only understand the further development of humanity if we grasp how decisive this fact is, if we understand that the most powerful upheaval in the spiritual evolution of humanity on earth is connected with this fact.
If we follow the development on earth, we find that in ancient times, before the Christ principle entered the human soul, the mysteries of the spirit were the deep places of teaching and worship. The more Christ entered the world, the more the mysteries of the Son unfolded, and in the future the mysteries of the Father will be cultivated. These are already announced to us in the Apocalypse.
Let us return to the mysteries of the Spirit. They were first established in a place that would lie between Europe and America and that has long since disappeared. There the seedbed of the great adepts was founded, there the mysteries of the Spirit were inaugurated, which have continued to propagate themselves down to our time. Those who had passed the tests of maturity could be initiated into the mysteries of the spirit. Those who were sufficiently educated and purified were admitted. They then took up the teachings that underlie all religions as ‘theosophy’ and which we take up today with spiritual science. They had purified their instincts, trained themselves to think in an orderly manner, and then accustomed themselves to loving not only their blood relatives, but all of humanity. They had become what we call “homeless people.” What is happening today in the highest stages of human development is a hint of the future.
During the initiations in the ancient mystery temples, which continued until the last centuries before Christ and which we can see when we look inside the Egyptian pyramids, the disciple who had progressed so far that he was able to love all of humanity was immersed in a three-day sleep. His physical body was as if dead, in complete lethargy. The initiator was now able to draw his spirit out of him, just as your spirit is drawn out of your body every night when you sleep. As true as it is that this spirit is unconscious in ordinary sleep, it is also true that it became conscious in these sufficiently prepared disciples. Only the disturbing qualities of the physical body were no longer there. But during this three-day sleep, the disciples could remember exactly what they had learned earlier; they could bring this into their bodies.
Because the initiate had learned, because he had absorbed the relevant concepts and feelings, the initiator was now able to let him experience as spiritual reality what he had previously worked out as a student and absorbed in his feelings. During the three days when the soul was outside the body, it wandered through the astral and devachanic worlds. In this way, it experienced in reality what it had learned earlier, and thus the person became a knower. Theosophical teachings were now no longer mere teachings to him; they were what he had experienced as an element of life itself. When he then awoke again within his body and looked at his physical surroundings, a sound came to his lips that escaped from his soul of its own accord, that had to escape when this soul, after three and a half days of wandering through the spiritual world, found itself back in the physical world. The soul felt that the I had become a citizen of higher worlds, that the I had dwelled in higher worlds and could now stand before people and speak of its experiences. By speaking of the spiritual world in this way, the human being had become a herald of the spirit in the physical world, a missionary of the spirit. And this is expressed in the words: “Eli, Eli, lama sabachthani!” That is: My God, my God, how you have glorified me! - That was what could be heard from everyone who was initiated in this way.
If you had examined such a person in their entirety, you would have found that such an initiate of the mysteries of the spirit was a foretaste of what was available to all humanity in Christ Jesus. However, only inwardly, in the so-called etheric body, had the budhi awakened in such an initiate. Thus, throughout the ancient pre-Christian era, there were initiates of the spirit in whom the Son, the Christos, had awakened inwardly. This Christos had not penetrated into the physical body, but had awakened within the etheric body. As etheric beings, these initiates had become immortal.
Now the great progress of humanity consists in the fact that what applies to the great initiates of the spirit also applies to the appearance of Christ Jesus on earth. But for the one who died on the cross, this applies even into the physical body. Everything that could be experienced outside the body in the ancient mysteries could be seen in this one case on the physical world stage through the event of Golgotha. It was also visible to those gifted with only physical eyes. In ancient times, those who had reached that point could see it. They became blessed because, as the chosen ones, they experienced inwardly how life must triumph over death. From then on, this was no longer necessary. Through the event of Golgotha, it had taken place before physical human beings. There it had happened that life had overcome death. And through the connection with this One, through the bond that connects each individual to him like a family bond, a substitute was created for what had been in the mysteries of the spirit.
I must describe one of the great, significant images within the mysteries of the spirit if you want to understand the mysteries of the Son. I must describe how he who lay asleep for three and a half days was surrounded by twelve human figures with whom he sat as if at a table. And how must they appear to anyone who, as an initiate, had experienced the higher world? Before such a person, twelve of his incarnations had appeared, twelve of his different bodies through which he himself had passed. These twelve bodies were nothing other than what he carried within himself as the members of his body. In occult terms, the human body is divided into twelve members, and these are said to be nothing other than the reproduction of twelve incarnations through which man is gradually purified and led to a higher level of perfection. Thus, man felt surrounded by the forms through which he himself had once passed, and he said to himself: The form you once wore lives in one of your limbs; in another lives the second form, in another the third, in another the fourth, and so on. Thus they surround you, as guests surround the host at a meal.
This was an image that could be seen by every soul in the mysteries of the spirit. The one who completed the cycle was the Son of Man, who is no longer the son of a family, a tribe, or a people, but the son of all humanity. The highest perfection among the Twelve was actually possessed by the Thirteenth. And because he was outside his earthly self, he saw himself as the thirteenth.
Let us now follow how what was experienced in this way in the higher world by each initiate was repeated in Christ Jesus. It is clothed as in a veil, just as everything that is given exoterically is veiled. The Passover meal that Christ celebrates with the Twelve is not meant to be an ordinary meal. It is meant to be something else: it is meant to be the repetition on the physical plane of what the initiates of the Spirit have experienced so often on the higher plane.
In the Gospel of Luke, chapter 22, verses 7-12, it says: "Now the day of the sweet breads came, and the disciples said to Jesus, 'Where do you want us to prepare the Passover lamb? He said, 'Behold, when you enter the city, you will meet a man carrying a water jug. Follow him into the house where he enters and say to the householder, 'The Master says to you, Where is the place where I may eat the Passover with my disciples? And he will show you a large upper room, where you may prepare it."
During the Passover meal, He explained once again that the bread is His body, and that the blood that flows in His body is like the sap in the body of a plant. He may say in reference to the sap of the plant, in reference to the wine: “This is my blood,” and He may say it because He is the Spirit of the Earth. He may say of all substances: “This is my body,” and of all juices: “This is my blood.”
Then comes the scene where Christ Jesus develops the mysteries of the Spirit further into the mysteries of the Son, in order to then pass them on to the mysteries of the Father. Again, you must imagine that the twelve apostles sitting around him are an embodiment of his own twelve body members. If you bring this correctly before your soul, if you try with tenderness and inner soul rhythm to grasp a passage that reveals — or rather veils — the very depths of Christianity, then you will be able to grasp spiritually the transition from the mysteries of the Spirit to the mysteries of the Son.
Think again of what had to happen when the mysteries of the Son approached: it had to be pointed out that blood must lose its bond with blood ties. Blood ties would one day mean less to people than selfishness. Looking ahead to the future mission of Christianity, Christ Jesus felt that this could only be achieved through his sacrifice. It had to be so. For times would come when people would become more and more selfish in order to attain freedom. Therefore, the excess selfish blood had to be sacrificed through a cosmic act so that people, despite their independence, could one day be united in the great brotherhood. What is there, precisely through humanity, and what is to be spiritualized and ennobled through Christianity, the selfish element, has become greater and greater. This makes people more and more independent. But let us take a look at what has since enveloped the globe, let us take a look at the external means of transportation: what are they other than events designed to satisfy selfishness? Everything that intellect and reason have devised is only devised to satisfy selfishness, even if indirectly. Humanity was less selfish when grain was still ground with two stones. But because humanity had to become independent, it also had to go through selfishness, and our entire material culture is the foundation for this.
Just as the one who has been initiated into the mysteries of the spirit sees his own incarnations and at their head himself, that which is now the most perfect, just as the Son of Man saw the circle of his disciples as expressions of himself, so the one who looks into the future sees the forms that humanity must pass through. Those who live through the mysteries of the Son see into the future until the end of the Earth's development, when the Earth's condition will transition into a new stellar condition. Christ Jesus could therefore say of the first condition at that time: You who sit around me represent different degrees of perfection, and when I look into the future, you, as you sit here, are the twelve stations. But these must be overcome. I must lead them through myself to the Father. Just as through myself, I must lead you to the Father so that the earth can ascend to a higher degree of perfection. — Everything that is sensual, everything that is bound to human drives, passions, and emotions must be overcome. This is symbolically represented by what happens to the Twelve.
The age that follows is represented by Judas Iscariot. The representative of the highest morality is linked to the representative of base sensuality. It is Judas Iscariot who actually betrays Christianity in the immediate aftermath. Oh, there will come a time when it will seem as if what happened on Golgotha is happening all over the earth! It will seem as if egoism is bringing death to Christ, to Budhi. That will be the time of the Antichrist. It is the law that everything that happened around the cross must also happen on the physical plane. What happened on Golgotha also has a deep symbolic meaning. Judas' betrayal signifies the prevalence of the lower instincts. But everything sensual must become spiritualized.
This points to the future development of humanity within the earth. I have mentioned this often. Everything that is base in human beings will fall away from them. What human beings will later become is already being prepared within them. They will not be creative in the same way as they are today. They will not create out of their base passions. Just as they today produce the word, the word that can embody the highest, so they will become ever more creative through the word. Just as he has become more selfish through sexuality, he will become selfless again through the elimination of sexuality. What today is produced only by the flow of air from the larynx, the word, will become creative in the future of humanity. The mutation, the change in voice, is related to sexual maturity. The voice will become the productive force. And as the word becomes creative, this word will at the same time – in the future, because the whole relationship will be reversed – be the expression of man's dominion over the air. So that which originally breathed through him will have a transformative effect on something that is even more deeply connected with his essence. The word will become creative for the preparation of blood. Even human blood will be transformed. It will only be able to produce pure, selfless feelings. There will be a human race that will be creative through the word. Selflessness will be transformed into a property of the blood, and the thinking organ will be transformed into the heart. Here we have one of the two evolutions that follow Christianity. The age in which egoism reigns is represented by Judas Iscariot. Anyone who looks impartially at world events can see how sexuality in human beings is capable of betraying them as spirits, of killing them. But human beings, just as they today create their higher self, the word, will one day work creatively through the word when the heart becomes their spiritual organ.
Now I ask you to apply this to the Gospel and note a passage which, in a wonderful way, with magnificent symbolism, expresses what I have just said. See what will follow when Christianity becomes selfless and brotherly; how that which makes people selfish is embodied in Judas Iscariot, and see also where humanity will develop through the twelve stages: to the form that Christ Jesus himself has taken. Everything rises up to the heart.
The transformation takes place in such a way that the creative power rises from the womb to the heart. In the one who is closest to the expression of the highest form and to Jesus, this must be expressed. And now read: "One of the disciples, whom Jesus loved, was reclining at Jesus' side. Simon Peter motioned to him to find out who it was. So he leaned on Jesus' breast and said to him, ‘Lord, who is it?’" This is a passage that expresses how the lowest productive power of man rises up into the breast, represented by the most intimate disciple of Christ Jesus. With a tenderness that could not be more grandiose, the mystery of the Son, the mystery of Jesus, is hinted at. That it is to be a mystery can be read in the words of the initiated disciple himself at the end of this whole scene, after he had experienced how he would be transformed and come to the Father through the Son. What can he say? On a higher level, he himself can say what the initiates said: “Eli, Eli, lama sabachthani.” That is what he says. Read it for yourself in John: “Then Jesus said, ‘Now the Son of Man is glorified, and God is glorified in him.’”
This Easter meal was the preparation for what then took place on the physical plane. Therefore, we learn from Christ's death the overcoming of death on the physical plane, the overcoming of selfish blood through the flowing of blood from the wounds. And we also learn about that great perspective when these words resound from the cross, resounding from the consciousness of the future: The earth has reached the goal of great brotherhood, of spiritualization, of overcoming everything that could drag down the spirit of man. Those people who have participated in this at the side of Christ will, when they leave earthly development and ascend to a higher development, be able to gather around Christ, and Christ Jesus will once again be able to call out, seeing the end of earthly perfection, the words He called out on the cross at that time: “Eli, Eli, lama sabachthani!” “My God, my God, how you have glorified and spiritualized the I in humanity.” That is what these words mean. There is also a later, incorrect translation that was based on the words of the psalm, but the true translation of the words is the one you now know. These are the words that express the mystery of Golgotha: My God, my God, how strongly, how greatly you have glorified me, spiritualized me.This word reveals to us the spirit's struggle to detach itself from the body. The mystery of the Son reveals to us that at that time the inner, clairvoyant gaze of the world redeemer looked to the end of the perfection of the earth and expressed the great goal of humanity in these words of overcoming all differences and establishing great love for humanity. This goal can only be achieved if people learn to enter more and more spiritually into the spiritual world. For it is in the spirit that the unification of humanity lies. Just as human beings were one when they stepped out of the spirit, out of the unified, all-pervading Godhead, just as they then became individualized by descending into individual human bodies — just as water becomes individualized when water droplets are absorbed by small sponges — so the individual human beings who have become individual will become unified again when they enter into the great brotherhood, maintaining their individuality, and thereby prepare themselves to be deified creators, as they were gods, creators, before they appeared on earth as human beings.
Human development emanates from a divine being and returns to a divine being. The various egos will be individual, but at the same time, by being united in the brotherhood, they will form a unity that will give birth to a new star, that new star which is called “the new Jerusalem” in the Apocalypse. Human egos will be commanded in their egoity, and then the harmonies of the spheres will echo the words in which the mystery of Golgotha was sealed, the words: “My God, my God, how you have glorified me!”
These words were spoken then, and they will be repeated when human beings ascend to the highest levels, to ever higher heights, where they will have passed through the Son to the Father. The Son leads human beings to the end of Earth's development; then they are taken back into the cosmos with their ego intact. Then the Earth returns to the Father. “No one comes to the Father except through me.”
The spiritual gaze sees far, far into the distance when human beings allow themselves to comprehend this profound mystery of Golgotha. But festivals, such as the great festivals of the year, are there as the great stages at which people should pause from their ordinary daily activities and let their gaze wander to the great milestones of development, at which they should look not only over centuries but over millennia. With a vision dawning in our consciousness, we should pass through humanity. When we allow the broad, future goal, as taught to us by the great leaders of humanity, to work on our souls, when we allow this distant goal, which is so far away from us, which can be so close to us, to work when it becomes a force in our hearts — then alone will we achieve it.
Let us never allow celebrations such as this to pass us by without inscribing such great future prospects for humanity in our souls! People have time for everyday things in their everyday lives. But when the holiday bells ring, then people may remember that they are not merely children of time, but also children of eternity as spirits.
