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The Rudolf Steiner Archive

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Rudolf Steiner in the Waldorf School
GA 298

20 June 1922, Stuttgart

Address at the second official members’ meeting of the Independent Waldorf School Association

After the points of business, Rudolf Steiner took the floor:

On the whole, it can be said that many of the outcomes of our goals actually constitute a single phenomenon within a larger framework of facts. Please allow me to make a few comments on this, and especially on the experience we have gathered since founding the Waldorf School.

As you know, we founded the Waldorf School as one part of the effects that were intended to proceed from a spiritual movement that is over two decades old. The Waldorf School would be inconceivable without this spiritual movement. In its particulars, the plan to found the school came from our dear friend Emil Molt at a time when there was a certain interest in great humanitarian questions because it was a time of such great need. Counting on this interest, we began to work in many different directions to try to influence aspects of public life from anthroposophical points of view. We may well say that since that time we have been able to acquire very extensive experience along certain lines.

To begin with, we encountered a certain interest that promised to encompass broader circles. In 1919 humanity had a great interest in working in one or the other direction to enable forces of ascent to replace the forces of decline that were so evident. And today we still see a universal interest in educational issues, not only in Central Europe but all over the world. It is a remarkable fact that this year’s Shakespeare festival in Stratford actually took place under the auspices of educational issues. You know that I myself had to give lectures at this festival, and that the event stood fully under the sign of educational issues. In fact, a committee on new ideals in education organized this event. This summer we will have another opportunity to have a conference, this time at Oxford, where nine out of twelve lectures will deal with educational issues in a narrower sense.1This international congress on “Spiritual Values in Education and Social Life” at which Rudolf Steiner was invited to speak took place under the patronage of the English Minister of Education and others active in public life in England. From August 16-25, 1922, Steiner spoke on “The Basic Forces of Soul and Spirit in the Art of Education” [Die geistig-seelischen Grundkréfte der Erziehungskunst], 12 lectures, Oxford, 1922, GA 305, 1978], see The Spiritual Ground of Education, Garber Publications, Blauvelt, NY, nd. This shows that at any rate an interest in educational issues is still present today.

This interest is to be found everywhere. In the widest possible circles today, we definitely find that educational issues are thought to be the most important issues of all. We find numerous people who believe, and rightly so, that any talk of social issues does not rest on firm ground if it does not take educational issues as its starting point. We have come to realize that the chaos that humanity has fallen into and will continue to fall into has essentially been brought about by our failure to place the right value on the spiritual issues of humankind’s evolution.

However, this interest is “thought interest,” if I may put it like that. The way in which this interest manifests clearly shows that we are dealing with some kind of thought interest. People organize conferences on education just as they organize other conferences today. They get together and talk about educational issues, and it cannot be denied that extraordinarily clever things are talked about at these gatherings. People nowadays talk with extraordinary cleverness. A large portion of humanity today is smart, and it is also the case that the majority of these very smart people like to hear themselves talk. This creates the best circumstances imaginable for holding conferences to discuss how to find ways out of these chaotic conditions.

If it depended only on conferences of this sort, we would be well on the way. Ladies and gentlemen, this is something we should consider very carefully. I have often stated that I am convinced that if twelve people or some other number of people would get together to undertake to establish an agenda for educating children in the best way, something extremely clever would come out of it. I say this in complete seriousness. When it comes to establishing an agenda for assembling the best pedagogical principles for dealing with children, the literature available today is excellent. What people are saying today in these conferences is literature. However, it all depends on accomplishing the work that is to be done on the basis of real life. People who establish agendas are never dealing with real life. In real life you deal with a certain number of students and a certain number of teachers; you deal with people. These people will do what needs doing; they will do whatever they can do.

However, in order to actually accomplish what is theoretically possible, we depend on having our hands free to do our work on a humanitarian basis. This brings us to the fact that nowadays the presence of a “thought interest” in great existential issues is much less important than the presence of the will to actually bring about the conditions that make a system of education such as this one possible. The remarkable thing about this is that while there is the broadest possible interest in the thought or the feeling that such and such ought to be, this is not accompanied by any real will interest. That no real will interest accompanies it is the reason why I call what it is our conferences deal with, “literature.” Literature is what it actually is; it is not something that will be transformed into action.

One of the most important facts about the background of the Waldorf School is that we were in a position to make the anthroposophical movement a relatively large movement. The anthroposophical movement has become a large one. This is evident from the fact that difficult anthroposophical books go through many editions.”2For example, if paperback editions are included, in 1980 7heosophywas in its 30th German edition (164,000), Occult Science in its 29th edition (108,000), How to Attain Knowledge of Higher Worlds in its 21st edition (150,000), The Philosophy of Freedomy/Spiritual Activity in its 14th edition (156,000) and Riddles of Philosophy in its eighth edition (31,000). Interest springs up everywhere. This is a “thought interest,” or even goes beyond thought interest to the extent that the people who come together in the anthroposophical movement also have a feeling interest in it, an interest of the heart. In all of our modern movements people are coming together with a mere “thought interest” that is transformed into a talking interest in those who are somewhat active. The anthroposophical movement gathers together those people who have an intense human need, a soul need, to make headway with regard to the essence of the human being. This is what things look like when we consider an interest in knowledge, a feeling interest, more theoretically. There are very many people today who realize that there is something here that can satisfy their spiritual interests. That is how it stands today, and I hope that its growth is guaranteed in spite of the scandalous opposition to it.

But what we are lacking are people who are not merely interested in the anthroposophical movement becoming as large as possible and bringing forth as much spiritual content as possible, but who are also interested in making this anthroposophical movement happen, in being co-workers in its coming about. There are extraordinarily few of them. We have many people who listen, many who want something for themselves, but we have extraordinarily few people who are co-workers in the fullest sense of the word.

You know, when our conference in Vienna was being organized, which was not a conference in the same sense as other conferences—the point of our conferences is for people to get together to receive something they can take home, while in other conferences everyone wants to get rid of what they bring from home—in any case, when this conference was being organized, there had to be workers there to get ready for it and bring it about, and there had to be speakers there. There are always a small number of friends who nearly have to run their legs off, work their fingers to the bone writing letters, and empty out their wallets. There are only a small number of them, the Waldorf teachers and a small number of others, and they are thoroughly overworked almost every month of the year because of their involvement. Actually, they are always terribly overworked.

But at the end of a conference such as this, even if it is as successful as the one in Vienna, we experience once again that although all the conditions are in place for our Waldorf system of education to expand, or something of that sort, the way these conditions come about means that the small number of active people get in over their heads. Again and again we have to be on the lookout for new coworkers. Perhaps not all of you will agree with me, but I would like to state my experience quite openly. As things stand today, I believe there would be a possibility of gaining plenty of members. I got the impression in Vienna that it would be possible to attract enough people who would become coworkers in the best sense of the word.

But—and here our general concern coincides with our concern for the Waldorf School—at this point we bump up against the fact that it is not possible to expand our circle of coworkers for the simple reason that we have no money. People everywhere have the means of supporting their coworkers, but this is only possible for us to a very inadequate extent. The main question is always how to offer people the means to exist when we disconnect them from their previous means. That is the fact of the matter. Today, if we want to move forward, we need a large number of coworkers. Those we have are simply not enough. Thus, what needs to be taken care of can be done only by exhausting the strength of the forces we have, and what can be done in this way is at most a tenth of what could be accomplished under conditions at present if we could count on a full complement of coworkers. After the Vienna conference in particular, we could watch the experience I have just described welling up.

Naturally this is not a question of an ordinary appeal to the wallets of those who are already members. That is not the issue. The issue, to put it very strongly for once, is that in recent times whenever we have appealed to the will, the matter in question failed.

In the end, the Waldorf School movement is connected to the threefold movement. The Waldorf School movement is conceivable only within a free spiritual life. The “thought interest” we met with at first has not led to a will interest. When the attempt was made to accomplish the deed of founding the World School Association as our only means of expanding beyond Central Europe, this attempt failed.3See note p. 119. It was to have encompassed the entire civilized world. The attempt to rouse whatever belief people had that the educational system must change, which was what was being attempted in the World School Association, was a miserable fiasco. There is such a terrible feeling of being rebuffed when you appeal to the will. I do not say that I am appealing for money in this case. We are lacking in money, but we are lacking in will to a much greater extent. The interest that exists does not go very deep, otherwise it would extend to the right areas.

We were able to found the Waldorf School. Herr Stockmeyer4A teacher at the Independent Waldorf School in Stuttgart. read the ruling,5See note p. 95. the gist of which was that as of Easter of 1925 we will lose our first grade, and eventually the four lowest classes. We would hardly have been able to open the school at all anywhere else. In founding the Waldorf School, we took advantage of the right moment in which it was possible to do such a thing.

Whenever the educational system is at the mercy of universal schematization, we can point to strongly working forces of decline. We encounter them everywhere. We can point them out wherever what is laid down in the regulations for primary schools is taken to the last stage. In Lunatsharsky’s school system in Soviet Russia, it has been carried through to its conclusion. People there are thinking the way we will think here when this is carried through to its conclusion and the full consequences have been felt. The current misery in Eastern Europe is what comes of it when this way of thinking about non-independent schools finds its way into practice.

I am trying to speak today in a way that awakens enthusiasm, so that people feel the spiritual blood trickling in their souls and a large number of people who realize this will commit themselves, so that public opinion is aroused. Actually, I must say that at any point in the last twenty years when I tried to speak a language that appealed to people’s hearts not only in a theoretical sense, but to the heart as an organ of will, what I felt, first in the Anthroposophical Society and later in other groups, always made me wonder, “Dont people have ears?” It seemed that people could not hear things that were supposed to move from words to action. The experience of the fiasco of the World School Association was enough to drive one to despair.

How do we think when we hear something such as this ruling that was read aloud? We think that perhaps ways and means will be found to push through the lower classes for a few years, after all. Even in more intimate circles, not much more comes of it than thinking, “Well, maybe the possibility will be there for a few more years.” The point, however, is for all of us to stand behind it now. Education must evolve independently, as has been emphasized ever since 1919. There is no other way for this to become a reality than through general acceptance of what is offered by the members of our various associations, who are in full agreement that something like this should exist, and through them being joined by more and more people who will become active members. The will has to develop first!

I would like to tell you how my calculation goes: If numbers speak, we can say that we have no money. Having said that, we then collect money and fill the gap by the skin of our teeth.

However, we will also not get very far by this means. We will get further only by the means I intended in speaking of the World School Association. We must have an active faith that what is being done will really become a factor in public opinion. In order to maintain the Waldorf School and establish additional schools, we need a growing public conviction that continuing in the sense of the old school system will lead only to forces of decline within humanity. This conviction is what we need. We will move forward only when instead of merely establishing schools here and there for the sake of practicing some kind of educational quackery, we can make the breakthrough to deciding to take our educational principles to the public in a way that will make them a matter of inner conviction for parents and non-parents alike.

Please excuse me, but in a certain respect I really cannot avoid saying that I know many people will recognize the truth in what I have just said, but you only really acknowledge the truth of something by doing something about it! By doing something about it! This is why, above all, we must make sure that we do not found schools simply to an extent that lies within our existing means, which come from our branches and from wallets that are already empty. We must try to work for ideas and ideals so that an ever growing number of people is imbued with them.

In this respect our actual experience is just the opposite. The current issue of the newspaper for threefolding has just announced that in future it will be a magazine for anthroposophy. Why? Because the promising beginnings in understanding threefolding have petered out. Because, fundamentally, we must go back to the style we had prior to the threefolding movement. In spite of the fact that a lot has been said about threefolding, this is another case of being driven to despair when you talk with people. We need something to come of this; we need it to enter public opinion. That is what we need above all else if we want to make progress with the Waldorf School.

I must admit that I have been saying this for a long time. But just about anything else strikes a chord more readily than what I have said today. I would like to say that if I see what lives in people’s will as mere faith—well, no one believes that mere faith, the mere faith that humanity can only be helped by having an independent system of education, will accomplish anything. But it would lead people who are still able to do so to support us financially, so that we would not continually be left empty-handed in comparison to other movements.

The anthroposophical movement is the basis of the Waldorf School movement. Even if it is set back by scandalous things such as are happening now,6The opposition to Rudolf Steiner and the Goetheanum. it has within it the necessary prerequisites for life. A lot of associations are founded that have adequate monetary means but no inherent prerequisites for life. Associations are constantly being founded, and people have money for them, and yet they fail. If all the money that people spend today on unnecessary associations could be directed into our channels, then the reports would look different. Herr Leinhas7Chief accountant of the Independent Waldorf School Association. would have to report that our reserve fund is so large that we will have to try to invest it fruitfully.

I do not believe at all that the main thing for us today is our lack of money. What we are lacking is the will to assert ourselves in real life, to insist that the portion of spiritual life that we acknowledge as true be given its due in the world. What use would it be if I had claimed that our effectiveness in the past year was satisfactory in some way? But here, in a members’ meeting, it is necessary to speak from this point of view. I am fully convinced that our Waldorf School can get as good as it can, but if we do not find the possibility of imbuing public opinion with our educational impulses, then all of our fancy arithmetic will not help us at all.

The will to convince everyone must be present in an everincreasing number of people. In addition, the conviction must become widespread that for the salvation of humanity, it is necessary for something such as is present in embryonic form in the Waldorf School to keep on growing.

That is what I wanted to have said to that percentage of hearts in which the impulse of will is present. We can get very far if we only think about what it depends on: It depends on us using our will to really get public opinion to where it ought to be. That is what I needed to say.

From the discussion

I must add that a great number of parents have expressed the request that something be done by the Waldorf School to manage the relationship of the faculty to the parent body—what can the parents themselves do for the children? I would like to say that we will very soon be giving careful thought to how we can work in this direction. At parents’ evenings, I myself will try to offer something along the lines indicated by these many signatures.7The thrust of this request can be gathered from Rudolf Steiner’s presentation on “Issues of School and Home” at the parents’ evening on June 22, 1923. See pp. 190-202 of this volume.

We will try to do everything possible along these lines in the very near future.

Expanding our circle of coworkers can be achieved only if the circumstances of which I spoke become a reality. Something must first be done to shape public opinion so that more extensive work can be undertaken. Then it will be possible to do many things. But as long as what is growing on our grounds remains the secret of the members, we will not be able to move on.

A question is asked, among others, regarding the official ruling mentioned in the speech.

Dr. Steiner: It would not help us to file a complaint with the authorities. As many people as possible must be won over to the idea that such a school should exist. The authorities are doing the right thing if that is the law. It is a question of opinjons gaining a foothold, becoming an effective force. There is something much deeper at stake. We must decide to interpret things ambitiously, to realize that what we think to be right must become the opinion of the public. The point is to get this idea into as many heads as possible. That must be accomplished so that as many people as possible change their view.

Dr. Steiner (in response to a suggestion). That does not come into question at all. Influencing public opinion is the only possible means of bringing the other methods up for discussion. To win over public opinion is the only practical way for us to go. We have not done so because there are far too few of us who believe in such a thing. I imagined that the World School Association would be promulgated in a certain way. If the monthly contribution could be one franc per member, we would be able to achieve what would have to be achieved by such an association. It would only be a question of individuals working in such a way that enthusiasm is present in their will.

Without doing that, we will get no further; we will simply manage to use up our last reserves. Even if we still find a lot of well-meaning members, it would be impractical to carry out. Even if something like that were to become a reality, we would only use up our last reserves. Our experience has shown most recently that it is necessary to attract the circles that are interested in what we are doing but are being kept away by the fact that the majority of the current membership feels the urge to keep the membership small.

May I still say that although we have established a certain level of contribution for membership, it is very good not to exclude anyone who is simply not in a position to pay the whole amount. Alongside the paragraph in the bylaws, let us remember among ourselves that people can also pay less.

Ansprache An Der Zweiten Ordentlichen Mitgliederversammlung Des Vereins «Freie Waldorfschule»

Nach den geschäftlichen Verhandlungen ergreift Rudolf Steiner das Wort:

Im ganzen darf ausgesprochen werden, daß manches, was aus unseren Zielen hervorgegangen ist, doch eigentlich eine Einzelerscheinung ist innerhalb eines großen Tatsachenkomplexes. Da gestatten Sie mir, daß ich selbst einiges bemerke und namentlich über das, was als Erfahrung vorliegt seit der Zeit, seit wir die Waldorfschule begründet haben.

Wir haben ja die Waldorfschule begründet als einen Teil der Auswirkung, welche hervorgehen sollte aus der Geistesbewegung, die mehr als zwei Jahrzehnte alt ist. Ohne diese Geistesbewegung ist auch die Waldorfschule nicht zu denken. Im besonderen ging der Plan zur Begründung der Waldorfschule von unserem lieben Freunde Emil Molt aus in der Zeit, in der für die großen Menschheitsfragen aus der Not der Zeit heraus ein gewisses Interesse vorhanden war. Man darf sagen, als wir, rechnend auf dieses Interesse, im Jahr 1919 damit begonnen haben, in den verschiedensten Richtungen in die Gebiete des öffentlichen Lebens von anthroposphischen Gesichtspunkten aus wirken zu wollen, wir dürfen sagen, daß seit jener Zeit wirklich recht reichliche Erfahrungen gemacht werden konnten nach einer bestimmten Richtung hin.

Zunächst traf man auf ein bestimmtes Interesse, das versprach, weitere Kreise zu umfassen. Es war ein großes Interesse unter der Menschheit 1919, nach dieser oder jener Richtung so zu wirken, daß an die Stelle der Niedergangskräfte Aufgangskräfte treten könnten. Man sieht auch heute noch, daß nicht bloß in Mitteleuropa, sondern in der ganzen Welt für die Erziehungsfragen das allgemeinste Interesse vorhanden ist. Es ist doch eine auffällige Tatsache, daß in diesem Jahr das Shakespeare-Geburtstagsfest in Stratford eigentlich im Zeichen von Erziehungsfragen abgehalten worden ist. Sie wissen, ich habe damals bei diesem Fest selbst Vorträge zu halten gehabt, und die Veranstaltung stand durchaus im Zeichen der Erziehungsfragen; es war ja auch ein Komitee für die neuen Erziehungsideale, welches diese Veranstaltung besorgte. Im Sommer werden wir wieder Gelegenheit haben, in Oxford eine Veranstaltung zu haben, und von zwölf Vorträgen werden neun im engeren Sinne die Erziehungsfragen behandeln. Das zeigt, daß immerhin für die Erziehungsfragen heute ein Interesse vorhanden ist.

Dieses Interesse findet man auch sonst überall. Man findet heute schon durchaus, daß im weitesten Kreise die Erziehungsfragen für die allerwichtigsten Fragen gehalten werden. Man findet zahlreiche Menschen, welche den richtigen Glauben haben, daß alles Reden über soziale Fragen doch keinen rechten Boden hat, wenn nicht von Erziehungsfragen ausgegangen wird. Man ist sich klar geworden, daß das Chaos, in welches die Menschheit hineingeraten ist und immer weiter hineingeraten wird, daß dieses Chaos im wesentlichen herbeigeführt worden ist dadurch, daß man auch auf die geistigen Fragen der Menschheitsentwikkelung nicht den rechten Wert gelegt hat.

Das Interesse ist aber, wenn ich es so ausdrücken möchte, ein Gedankeninteresse. Die Art und Weise, wie dieses Interesse sich darlebt, zeigt so recht, daß es sich um eine Art Gedankeninteresse handelt. Man veranstaltet - wie man auch sonst heute Kongresse veranstaltet -, man veranstaltet auch Erziehungskongresse. Man kommt zusammen und redet über Erziehungsfragen, und es ist nicht zu leugnen, daß bei solchen Versammlungen außerordentlich gescheite Dinge geredet werden. Es wird heute mit außerordentlicher Gescheitheit geredet. Gescheit ist ein großer Teil der Menschheit, und dann liegt auch das vor, daß unter den ganz gescheiten Menschen der größte Teil sich heute selbst gerne reden hört. Dadurch sind die denkbar besten Vorbedingungen geschaffen, um Kongresse abzuhalten, um da zu beraten, wie man die Wege finden kann aus den chaotischen Zuständen.

Wenn es von solchen Kongressen abhängen würde, würden wir auf dem besten Wege sein. Das, meine verehrten Anwesenden, sollten wir doch sehr in acht nehmen. Ich habe es öfter ausgesprochen, ich bin überzeugt davon, wenn heute sich zwölf oder eine andere Zahl von Menschen zusammenfindet, die ein Programm aufzustellen sich vornimmt, wie man in der besten Weise Kinder erziehen soll, so wird das Allergescheiteste zustande kommen. Ich meine es im vollen Ernst. Programmpunkte, die in der schönsten Weise dasjenige aufstellen, was die besten pädagogischen Grundsätze sind für die Behandlung des Kindes und so weiter, in dieser Richtung gibt es heute eine ausgezeichnete Literatur. Literatur reden die Leute auf den Kongressen. Es kommt darauf an, daß die Arbeit, die zu leisten ist, aus dem vollen Leben geleistet wird. Man hat es niemals mit dem wirklichen Leben zu tun, wenn man Programme aufstellt. Man hat es im wirklichen Leben mit einer Anzahl von Schülern zu tun und mit einer Anzahl von Lehrern. Mit Menschen hat man es zu tun. Diese Menschen werden das leisten, was zu leisten ist, was sie leisten können.

Dazu aber, daß dies, was geleistet werden kann, geleistet wird, dazu kommt es darauf an, daß man die Hände frei hat, um aus dem Menschlichen heraus zu wirken. Da kommen wir dazu, daß es wirklich heute viel weniger darauf ankommt, daß Gedankeninteresse vorhanden ist für die großen Fragen des Daseins, sondern daß der Wille dazu vorhanden sei, wirklich die Bedingungen herbeizuführen, unter denen ein solches Erziehungswesen möglich ist. Da liegt das Merkwürdige vor, währenddem wirklich das weitgehendste Interesse vorhanden ist im Gedanken, in der Empfindung, daß das oder jenes sein müßte -, es liegt das Merkwürdige vor, daß zu diesem Gedankeninteresse kein wirkliches Willensinteresse dazukommt. Sehen Sie, daß dieses Willensinteresse nicht dazukommt, das ist der Grund, warum ich sagte, dasjenige, was auf unseren Kongressen verhandelt wird, ist eigentlich Literatur, ist nicht dasjenige, was sich in die Tat umsetzt.

Eine der wichtigsten Tatsachen in bezug auf dasjenige, wovon auch diese Waldorfschule ausgegangen ist, ist die, daß wir in der Lage waren, die anthroposophische Bewegung zu einer verhältnismäßig sehr großen zu machen. Die anthroposophische Bewegung ist eine große geworden. Das zeigt sich darinnen, daß schwer geschriebene Bücher höchste Auflagenzahlen sich erringen. Überall springt das Interesse hervor, das das Gedankeninteresse ist, das sogar insoweit über das Gedankeninteresse hinausgeht, daß sich diejenigen Menschen finden in der anthroposophischen Bewegung, die auch ein Empfindungs- und Herzensinteresse haben. In all unseren gegenwärtigen Bewegungen finden sich Menschen zusammen, die unter Umständen ein bloßes Gedankeninteresse haben, das bei denjenigen, die etwas rührig sind, in ein Redeinteresse übergeht. In der anthroposophischen Bewegung sind diejenigen Menschen versammelt, welche intensives menschliches Bedürfnis haben, die für ihre Seele etwas notwendig haben, die weiterkommen möchten in bezug auf den Gehalt der menschlichen Wesenheit. So ist es, wenn man das mehr theoretische, das Erkenntnisinteresse, Empfindungsinteresse, wenn man das mehr theoretisch betrachtet. Es gibt heute sehr viele Menschen, die sagen sich: Da gibt es etwas, wo man sich seine geistigen Interessen befriedigen kann. - So ist es heute. Ich hoffe, es hat alle Garantien des Wachstums in sich, trotz der skandalösen Gegnerschaft.

Dasjenige, was uns fehlt, das sind Menschen, die nicht bloß Interesse haben, daß die anthroposophische Bewegung so groß als möglich sei, daß sie so viel als möglich geistigen Inhalt hervorbringt, sondern Menschen, die ein Interesse daran haben, daß diese anthroposophische Bewegung auch gemacht wird, die Mitarbeiter sind am Zustandekommen der anthroposophischen Bewegung. Die sind außerordentlich wenig. Wir haben sehr viel hörende Menschen, Menschen, welche für sich etwas haben wollen, aber wir haben außerordentlich wenig Menschen, die im vollen Sinne des Wortes Mitarbeiter sind.

Sehen Sie, als unser Wiener Kongreß veranstaltet worden ist, der ja nicht in einem solchen Sinne ein Kongreßß war wie andere Kongresse unsere Kongresse gehen davon aus, daß sich Menschen versammeln, die etwas entgegenehmen können, was sie nach Hause tragen sollen, während die anderen solche sind, daß ein jeder, was er zuhause hat, abladen will -, als dieser Kongreß veranstaltet worden ist, da handelte es sich darum, daß Arbeiter da sein mußten, die ihn vorbereiteten und ihn zustande brachten, daß Redner da sein mußten. Da ist es immer wieder eine kleine Anzahl von Freunden, die sich tatächlich ihre Beine fast auslaufen müssen, die sich ihre Finger wund schreiben müssen, die ihr Portemonnaie ausleeren müssen. Dann ist es eine kleine Anzahl von Freunden, es sind die Waldorflehrer und eine andere kleine Anzahl, die unter diesen Mitwirkungen sich fast alle Monate einmal gründlich überarbeiten, die eigentlich immer furchtbar überarbeitet sind.

Aber wenn dann ein solcher Kongreß zu Ende gegangen ist, dann ist wiederum ein Stück Erfahrung nach der Richtung gemacht - auch wenn die Sache so erfolgreich war, wie es der Kongreß in Wien ist -, dann tritt doch das ein, daß man sagen muß: Ja, alle Bedingungen sind geschaffen, um so etwas, wie etwa auch unser Waldorfschulwesen weiter auszubreiten. Aber die Bedingungen sind so geschaffen, daß für die geringe Anzahl der mitarbeitenden Persönlichkeiten die Sache über den Kopf wächst. Immer wieder muß Ausschau gehalten werden, wo man neue Mitarbeiter finden kann. Ich möchte da - vielleicht werden nicht alle übereinstimmen -, ich möchte da meine Erfahrung ganz offen aussprechen. Es ist heute so, daß ich glauben muß, daß die Möglichkeit bestünde, immer mehr Mitglieder in reichlicher Zahl zu gewinnen. Ich habe in Wien den Eindruck bekommen, Menschen sind genug da, welche heranzuziehen wären, Mitarbeiter im besten Sinne des Wortes zu werden.

Aber - und da schließt sich dasjenige, was unsere allgemeine Sorge ist, mit der Sorge für die Waldorfschule zusammen - da tritt das entgegen, daß es nicht möglich ist, irgendwie den Kreis der Mitarbeiter zu vergrößern, aus dem Grunde, weil wir kein Geld haben. Überall haben die Leute die Möglichkeit, ihre Mitarbeiter zu halten. Wir haben diese Möglichkeit in einer sehr mangelhaften Weise. Die Hauptfrage ist immer diese: Wie bieten wir den Leuten eine Existenzmöglichkeit, wenn sie sich aus ihren bisherigen Existenzmöglichkeiten herausreißen. — Das ist der Fall. Wir brauchen heute, wenn wir weiterkommen wollen, eine große Anzahl von Mitarbeitern. Es reicht unsere Mitarbeiterschaft dafür nicht aus. So kann einfach dasjenige, was besorgt wird, nur mit Aufreibung der einzelnen Kräfte besorgt werden, und das, was mit einer großen Aufreibung der Kräfte besorgt wird, das ist höchstens ein Zehntel von dem, was heute schon nach den Bedingungen, die vorhanden sind, geleistet werden könnte; was geleistet werden könnte, wenn wir in entsprechender Weise mit einer vollen Mitarbeiterschaft rechnen könnten. Insbesondere nach dem Wiener Kongreß, wo man sehen konnte, daß das als Erfahrung hervorquillt, was ich ausgesprochen habe.

Natürlich handelt es sich nicht darum, daß man einen gewöhnlichen Appell richtet an die Börsen derer, welche schon Mitglieder sind. Darum handelt es sich nicht, sondern nur darum, um es einmal ganz stark auszusprechen, daß eben immer dann, wenn gerade in der letzten Zeit ein Appell gerichtet worden ist an den Willen, die Sache versagte.

Schließlich hängt die Waldorfschul-Bewegung mit der Dreigliederungsbewegung zusammen. Die Waldorfschul-Bewegung ist nur denkbar in einem freien Geistesleben. Dasjenige, was wir zuerst gefunden haben an einem Gedankeninteresse, ist nicht übergegangen in ein Willensinteresse. Als dann versucht worden ist das einzige Mittel, über Mitteleuropa hinauszugehen, die Begründung des Weltschulvereins in die Tat umzusetzen, da scheiterte die Begründung des Weltschulvereins, der die ganze zivilisierte Welt umfassen sollte. Der Versuch, dasjenige, was unter den Leuten ist an Glauben, daß das Erziehungswesen ein anderes sein müßte, aufzurütteln, dasjenige, was da angestrebt worden ist als Weltschulverein, hat kläglich Fiasko gemacht. Man fühlt sich so entsetzlich zurückgestoßen, wenn man an den Willen appelliert. Ich sage nicht, ich appelliere ans Geld in diesem Falle jetzt. An Geld fehlt es uns, aber viel mehr fehlt es uns an dem Willen. Es ist das Interesse kein gründlich tiefgehendes, sonst würde sich das Interesse auf die richtigen Gebiete erstrecken.

Wir konnten die Waldorfschule begründen. Herr Stockmeyer hat den Erlaß vorgelesen, der doch darauf hinausläuft, daß wir an Ostern 1925 die erste Klasse und so nach und nach die vier unteren Klassen verlieren. Woanders hätten wir sie kaum errichten können. Mit der Begründung der Waldorfschule ist der richtige Zeitpunkt erfaßt worden, in dem es möglich war, so etwas zu tun. — Immer tritt uns das entgegen, daß man auf so etwas hinweisen kann als auf stark wirkende Niedergangskräfte, wenn das Unterrichtswesen einem allgemeinen Schematismus ausgeliiefert wird. Immer wieder kann man darauf hinweisen, wie da, wo das auf der letzten Phase angekommen ist, was da in der Verfassung der Grundschule gegeben ist, man kann darauf hinweisen: im Lunatscharskyschen Schulsystem in Sowjetrußland, da ist es durchgeführt! Da denken die Leute so, wie sie bei uns denken werden, wenn man das bis zu seinen vollen Konsequenzen durchführt. Das Elend im Osten von Europa ist dasjenige, was herauskommt, wenn eine solche Denkweise von unfreien Schulen die Wege in die Praxis findet.

Mit solchen Reden heute Begeisterung zu erwecken, daß die Leute in ihren Seelen das geistige Blut rieseln fühlen, und fühlen: da muß eine große Anzahl von Menschen, die das einsehen, sich einsetzen, da muß eine Öffentliche Meinung verbreitet werden — mit solchen Reden, ich muß sagen, wenn ich gerade immer vom Verbreiten der geistigen Idee übergehen konnte in den letzten zwanzig Jahren dazu, eine solche Sprache zu führen, die nicht bloß an die Herzen in theoretischem Sinne, sondern an die Herzen auch als Willensorgane appellierte -, ich fühlte mich in der Anthroposophischen Gesellschaft, später auch in anderen Gesellschaften so, daß ich mir dachte: Haben denn die Leute keine Ohren? - Es scheint, als ob man dasjenige nicht hören konnte, was von dem Wort in die Tat gehen sollte. Es war etwas, was zur Verzweiflung führen konnte, was am Fiasko des Weltschulvereins zu erleben war.

Die Zahlen des Schuletats sprechen für sich; aber dasjenige, was weit über das Zahlensprechen hinausgeht, das ist das, was betont werden müßte: das ungeheure Leid, das man heute empfindet, wenn man an die Interesselosigkeit stößt, die in weitesten Kreisen vorhanden ist. Da müssen wir uns sagen: Gewiß, das Interesse ist in diesen Kreisen vorhanden für so etwas wie die Waldorfschule, aber es muß auch das Interesse für die Grundlagen, die der Waldorfschule gegeben worden sind, das muß in viel intensiverer Weise sich ausbreiten, als das sich irgendwie heute zeigt.

Wie denkt man, wenn so etwas wie dieser Erlaß vorgelesen wird? Man denkt: Ja, vielleicht werden sich Mittel und Wege finden, um nun doch so ein paar Jahre die unteren Klassen durchzudrücken. Selbst in engeren Kreisen kommt nicht viel anderes heraus, als daß man denkt: Vielleicht werden wir doch ein paar Jährchen die Möglichkeit haben, das durchzuführen. Aber darum handelt es sich, daß sich heute ein jeder dahintersetzt. Es muß das Schulwesen sich in freier Weise entwickeln, wie es seit dem Jahre 1919 betont worden ist. Das kann natürlich nicht anders sich verwirklichen, als wenn wir zu den Mitgliedern unserer verschiedenen Vereine, die ganz einverstanden sind, daß so etwas da ist, daß man dasjenige, was sie bieten wollen, empfängt, daß sich zu ihnen hin immer mehr finden, welche tätig mittuende Mitglieder werden. Zuerst muß der Wille entstehen!

Ich möchte sagen, meine Rechnung geht so: Wenn die Zahlen sprechen, so können wir sagen, wir haben kein Geld. Dann wird wiederum durch Geldsammeln mit Ach und Krach ein Loch ausgefüllt. Aber auch in der Methode kommen wir nicht weiter. Wir kommen nur mit der Methode vorwärts, die in Aussicht genommen war, wie vom Weltschulverein gesprochen worden ist. Wir müssen einen tatkräftigen Glauben haben, daß dasjenige, was getan wird, wirklich ein Bestandteil der öffentlichen Meinung wird. Wir brauchen, um die Waldorfschule zu halten, und um Schulen weiter zu begründen, wir brauchen eine öffentliche Meinung, die immer größer wird, die dahin geht, daß es im Sinne des alten Schulwesens nur zu Niedergangskräften in der Menschheit führt. Das brauchen wir. Wenn wir uns dazu durchringen können, nicht bloß immer da und dort so eine Schnakerlschule zu begründen, um eine Art pädagogischer Kurpfuscherei durchzuführen, wenn wir uns dazu entschließen, unsere Erziehungsgrundsätze in die Öffentlichkeit hineinzutragen, so daß sie innere Überzeugung von Eltern und Nichteltern werden, nur dann kommen wir vorwärts!

Jetzt verzeihen Sie, wenn ich gewissermaßen wirklich nicht vermeide, zu sagen: Ich weiß, daß viele das, was ich jetzt gesagt habe, als richtig anerkennen werden, es ganz richtig finden werden, aber man erkennt es erst als richtig an, wenn man etwas tut! Wenn man etwas tut! Deshalb müßte vor allem darauf gesehen werden, daß wir nicht nur aus dem Kreis der Mittel heraus, die wir schon haben, aus unseren Zweigen heraus und den schon geleerten Börsen Schulen begründen, so gut es geht; wir müssen uns bemühen, für die Ideen zu wirken, so daß die Ideen in eine immer größere Anzahl von Menschen hineinkommen.

In dieser Beziehung haben wir die gegenteilige Erfahrung gemacht. Die gegenwärtige Nummer der Dreigliederungszeitung kündet an, daß sie in Zukunft eine Zeitschrift sein wird für die Anthroposophie. Warum? Weil die vielversprechenden Anfänge in der Erkenntnis der Dreigliederung im Sande verlaufen sind. Weil wir im Grunde genommen zurückkehren müssen zu dem, was wir damals schon im Duktus hatten vor der Dreigliederungsbewegung. Trotzdem über Dreigliederung viel gesprochen wird, ist es wiederum so, daß man in Verzweiflung gerät, wenn man mit den Menschen redet. Daß das etwas werden soll, was öffentliche Meinung werden sollte, das brauchen wir vor allen Dingen, wenn wir mit der Waldorfschule vorwärtskommen wollen.

Ich muß sagen, ich spreche das seit längerer Zeit aus. Aber alles findet eher Anklang, als das, was ich heute gesagt habe. Ich möchte sagen, wenn ich als Glauben nur ansehe, was im Willen der Menschen lebt kein Mensch glaubt, daß man mit dem Glauben etwas erreichen könnte, daß aus dem freien pädagogischen Wesen heraus allein der Menschheit geholfen werden könnte. Das würde uns dann erst dazu führen, daß die Menschen, die es noch tun können, auch uns in pekuniärer Weise entgegenkommen würden, daß wir nicht immerfort gegenüber anderen Bewegungen das Nachsehen haben.

Die anthroposophische Bewegung, sie ist dasjenige, auf das die Waldorfschul-Bewegung gebaut ist. Wenn sie auch durch solche skandalösen Dinge zurückgedrängt werden kann, sie hat innerliche Lebendsbedingungen in sich. Es werden viele Verbindungen gegründet mit reichlichen Geldmitteln, die keine Lebensbedingungen in sich haben. Es werden immer wieder Verbindungen gegründet, man hat für sie Geld. Sie gehen zugrunde. Wenn man alles dasjenige, was die Menschheit heute für unnötige Verbindungen ausgibt, wenn man das könnte alles in unsere Kanäle hineinleiten, dann würden die Berichte anders ausschauen. Dann würde Herr Leinhas sagen müssen, unser Reservefonds ist so groß, daß wir suchen müssen, ihn fruchtbringend anzulegen.

Ich glaube gar nicht daran, daß es heute in der Hauptsache daran fehlt, daß wir nicht Geld haben könnten. Es fehlt daran, daß wir gar nicht versuchen in Wirklichkeit uns geltend zu machen mit dem Willen, unser als richtig erkanntes Stück des geistigen Lebens geltend zu machen innerhalb der Welt. Was würde es nützen, wenn ich auseinandergesetzt hätte, daß es in einer gewissen befriedigenden Weise war, wie wir im vorigen Jahre gewirkt haben? Aber hier, wenn es sich um eine Mitgliederversammlung handelt, da ist es notwendig, daß man aus einer solchen Ecke heraus spricht. Ich bin doch ganz davon überzeugt, je besser unsere Waldorfschule wird - wenn wir nicht die Möglichkeit finden, unsere Erziehungsimpulse in die öffentliche Meinung hineinzutragen, dann helfen uns alle unsere Rechenkünste nichts.

Der Wille muß da sein in einer immer größer werdenden Anzahl von Menschen, alle zu überzeugen. Neben dem muß die Meinung verbreitet werden, daß es zum Heile der Menschheit notwendig ist, daß so etwas, wie es in der Waldorfschule keimhaft veranlagt ist, immer weiter und weiter wachse.

Das ist dasjenige, was ich in den Teil der Herzen hineingesprochen haben möchte, in denen der Willensimpuls liegt. Man kann recht weit kommen, wenn man nur einmal sich darauf besinnt, worauf es ankommt: daß es darauf ankommt, daß wir wirklich die öffentliche Meinung durch unseren Willen dahin bringen, wo sie sein soll. - Das ist dasjenige, was ich zu sagen habe.

Aussprache im Anschluß an die Mitgliederversammlung vom 20. Juni 1922

Ich habe hinzuzufügen, daß eine große Anzahl von Eltern die Forderung ausgesprochen hat, daß von seiten der Waldorfschule etwas getan wird, damit das Verhältnis der Lehrerschaft zur Elternschaft geregelt wird. Was können die Eltern selbst für die Kinder tun? — Ich möchte sagen, daß wir uns in der allernächsten Zeit darüber in sorgfältiger Weise besinnen, wie nach dieser Richtung hin gewirkt werden kann. Ich selbst werde versuchen, bei Elternabenden nach dieser Richtung hin dasjenige vorzubringen, was im Sinne dieser vielen Unterschriften vorgebracht werden soll. In dieser Richtung werden wir uns bestreben, das Mögliche in der allernächsten Zeit zu tun.

Die Erweiterung des Mitarbeiterkreises können wir nur gewinnen unter Verwirklichung der Umstände, von denen ich gesprochen habe. Es muß erst etwas getan werden, um die Meinung der Öffentlichkeit so zu gestalten, daß tatsächlich in weiterem Umfang gearbeitet werden kann. Dann wird es möglich sein, gar manches zu machen. Aber so lange das, was auf unserem Boden erwächst, das Geheimnis der Mitglieder bleibt, so lange werden wir nicht vorwärts kommen.

Es wird unter anderem eine Frage gestellt mit Bezug auf den in der Ansprache erwähnten behördlichen Erlaß.

Dr. Steiner: Das würde uns nicht helfen, wenn wir bei der Behörde vorstellig werden. Es müssen möglichst viele Leute dafür gewonnen werden, daß eine solche Schule da sein soll. Die Behörde handelt ganz recht, wenn die Sache Gesetz ist. Es handelt sich darum, daß Meinungen sich festsetzen, die eine wirksame Kraft sind. Es handelt sich um etwas viel Tiefergehendes. Wir müssen uns zu dem entschließen, die Sache mehr in einer großzügigen Weise aufzufassen, uns zu sagen: Dasjenige, was wir für richtig halten, muß eine öffentliche Meinung werden. Es handelt sich darum, daß wir diese Idee in möglichst viele Köpfe hineinbringen. Das muß erreicht werden, daß möglichst viele Leute eine andere Meinung haben.

Dr. Steiner (auf eine Anregung antwortend): Davon kann gar keine Rede sein. - Die Entstehung der öffentlichen Meinung ist das einzige Mittel, um die anderen Mittel zur Diskussion zu bringen. Die öffentliche Meinung zu gewinnen, ist unser einziger praktischer Weg. Wir haben es nicht getan, weil viel zu wenige unter uns sind, die an eine solche Sache glauben. Ich habe mir den Weltschulverein so vorgestellt, daß er in einer bestimmten Art propagiert würde. Wenn der Monatsbeitrag ein Franken sein könnte, da kann man schon das erreichen, was von einem solchen Weltschulverein erreicht werden müßte. Da würde es sich bloß darum handeln, daß der Einzelne in dem Sinne wirkt, daß die Begeisterung im Willen darin ist. Ohne daß wir das tun, kommen wir nicht weiter, sondern wir kommen dazu, unsere letzten Reserven auszugeben. Selbst wenn wir noch viele wohlmeinende Mitglieder finden, praktisch ist es nicht durchführbar. Selbst wenn so etwas realisierbar würde, wir würden nur unsere letzten Reserven verbrauchen. Die letzte Erfahrung hat uns gezeigt, daß es notwendig ist, daß man die Kreise heranzieht, die schon Interesse haben für unsere Sache, die aber dadurch abgehalten werden, daß bei der Mehrzahl der bestehenden Mitgliedschaft der Drang besteht, sie klein zu erhalten.

Das darf doch gesagt werden, daß es ganz gut ist, wenn man nach Festsetzung eines gewissen Mitgliederbeitrages nicht etwa den ausschließt, der einfach nicht in der Lage ist, das Ganze zu zahlen. Zu dem Statutenparagraphen wollen wir das unter uns behalten, daß man auch weniger bezahlen kann.

Address at the Second Ordinary General Meeting of the Association “Freie Waldorfschule”

After the business negotiations, Rudolf Steiner takes the floor:

Overall, it can be said that some of what has emerged from our goals is actually an isolated phenomenon within a large complex of facts. Allow me to comment on a few things myself, particularly on what we have experienced since we founded the Waldorf School.

We founded the Waldorf School as part of the impact that was to result from the spiritual movement that is more than two decades old. Without this spiritual movement, the Waldorf School would be inconceivable. In particular, the plan to found the Waldorf School originated with our dear friend Emil Molt at a time when there was a certain interest in the great questions of humanity due to the hardships of the times. It is fair to say that when we began in 1919, counting on this interest, to work in various directions in the areas of public life from an anthroposophical perspective, we can say that since that time, we have been able to gain a wealth of experience in a certain direction.

At first, we encountered a certain interest that promised to spread to wider circles. In 1919, there was great interest among humanity in working in this or that direction so that forces of decline could be replaced by forces of ascent. Even today, we can see that there is widespread interest in educational issues, not only in Central Europe but throughout the world. It is a striking fact that this year's Shakespeare birthday celebrations in Stratford were actually held under the banner of educational issues. As you know, I myself gave lectures at this festival, and the event was entirely devoted to educational issues; it was, after all, a committee for new educational ideals that organized this event. In the summer, we will again have the opportunity to hold an event in Oxford, and nine of the twelve lectures will deal with educational issues in the narrower sense. This shows that there is still interest in educational issues today.

This interest can also be found everywhere else. Today, it is already widely accepted that educational issues are the most important issues. There are many people who rightly believe that all talk about social issues is meaningless unless it starts from educational issues. It has become clear that the chaos into which humanity has fallen and continues to fall has essentially been brought about by the fact that the spiritual questions of human development have not been given their proper value.

However, this interest is, if I may put it this way, an intellectual interest. The way in which this interest manifests itself clearly shows that it is a kind of intellectual interest. Just as congresses are organized today, education congresses are also organized. People come together and talk about educational issues, and it cannot be denied that extremely intelligent things are said at such gatherings. People today speak with extraordinary intelligence. A large part of humanity is intelligent, and then there is also the fact that among the very intelligent people, the majority today like to hear themselves speak. This creates the best possible conditions for holding conferences to discuss how to find ways out of the chaotic situation.

If it depended on such conferences, we would be well on our way. We should take this very seriously, ladies and gentlemen. I have said it many times before, and I am convinced that if twelve or any other number of people get together today to draw up a program on how best to educate children, the most intelligent results will be achieved. I mean this in all seriousness. Program points that set out in the most beautiful way what the best educational principles are for treating children and so on—there is excellent literature on this subject today. People talk about literature at conferences. What matters is that the work to be done is done from the fullness of life. You are never dealing with real life when you draw up programs. In real life, you are dealing with a number of students and a number of teachers. You are dealing with people. These people will do what needs to be done, what they can do.

But in order for what can be done to be done, it is important to have one's hands free to work from a human perspective. This brings us to the conclusion that today it is really much less important to have an intellectual interest in the great questions of existence than to have the will to really bring about the conditions under which such an education system is possible. The strange thing is that, while there is indeed widespread interest in the idea, in the feeling that this or that should be the case, the strange thing is that this intellectual interest is not accompanied by any real will to achieve it. You see, the fact that this will is not present is the reason why I said that what is discussed at our conferences is actually literature, it is not something that is put into practice.

One of the most important facts in relation to what this Waldorf school is based on is that we were able to make the anthroposophical movement a relatively large one. The anthroposophical movement has become a large one. This is evident in the fact that difficult books achieve the highest print runs. Everywhere there is a surge of interest, which is intellectual interest, but which even goes beyond intellectual interest in that the people who find their way into the anthroposophical movement also have an emotional and heartfelt interest. In all our present movements, people come together who may have a purely intellectual interest, which, in the case of those who are more active, turns into an interest in discussion. The anthroposophical movement brings together people who have an intense human need, who need something for their soul, who want to progress in terms of the content of human existence. This is how it is when one considers the more theoretical, the interest in knowledge, the interest in feeling, when one considers it more theoretically. Today there are many people who say to themselves: there is something where one can satisfy one's spiritual interests. That is how it is today. I hope that it has all the guarantees of growth within it, despite the scandalous opposition.

What we lack are people who are not only interested in the anthroposophical movement being as large as possible, in it producing as much spiritual content as possible, but people who are interested in this anthroposophical movement actually being created, who are collaborators in the realization of the anthroposophical movement. There are very few of them. We have many people who listen, people who want something for themselves, but we have very few people who are collaborators in the full sense of the word.

You see, when our Vienna Congress was organized, which was not a congress in the same sense as other congresses—our congresses are based on the assumption that people gather who can receive something to take home with them, while the others are such that everyone wants to unload what they have at home—when this congress was organized, it was necessary to have workers who prepared it and made it happen, and it was necessary to have speakers. It is always a small number of friends who actually have to run themselves ragged, who have to write their fingers sore, who have to empty their wallets. Then there is a small number of friends, the Waldorf teachers and another small number, who, under these circumstances, work themselves to exhaustion almost every month, who are actually always terribly overworked.

But when such a congress has come to an end, then another piece of experience has been gained in this direction – even if the event was as successful as the congress in Vienna – then one has to say: Yes, all the conditions are in place to further expand something like our Waldorf school system. But the conditions are such that the small number of people involved find the task too much for them. We are constantly on the lookout for new collaborators. I would like to speak quite openly about my experience here, although perhaps not everyone will agree. Today, I believe that it would be possible to recruit more and more members in large numbers. In Vienna, I got the impression that there are enough people who could be recruited to become co-workers in the best sense of the word.

But – and this is where our general concern coincides with our concern for the Waldorf school – the problem is that it is not possible to expand the circle of co-workers in any way, simply because we have no money. Everywhere else, people have the opportunity to retain their employees. We have this opportunity in a very limited way. The main question is always this: How do we offer people a livelihood when they break away from their previous livelihoods? — That is the case. Today, if we want to move forward, we need a large number of employees. Our workforce is not sufficient for this. So what needs to be done can only be done by exhausting individual energies, and what is achieved with a great expenditure of energy is at most a tenth of what could be achieved today under the existing conditions; what could be achieved if we could count on a full workforce. This is particularly evident after the Congress of Vienna, where it was clear that what I have said is based on experience.

Of course, it is not a matter of making an ordinary appeal to the stock exchanges of those who are already members. That is not the point, but rather, to put it quite strongly, that whenever an appeal has been made to the will, especially in recent times, the matter has failed.

After all, the Waldorf school movement is connected with the threefold movement. The Waldorf school movement is only conceivable in a free spiritual life. What we first found in an interest in ideas did not translate into an interest in will. When an attempt was then made to go beyond Central Europe, the only means available, to put the founding of the World School Association into practice, the founding of the World School Association, which was to encompass the entire civilized world, failed. The attempt to stir up the belief among people that education should be different, the attempt to establish a World School Association, ended in a miserable fiasco. One feels so terribly rejected when one appeals to the will. I am not saying that I am appealing to money in this case. We lack money, but we lack will even more. The interest is not a thorough, deep-seated one, otherwise it would extend to the right areas.

We were able to establish the Waldorf School. Mr. Stockmeyer read out the decree, which boils down to the fact that at Easter 1925 we will lose the first grade and then gradually the four lower grades. We could hardly have established it anywhere else. With the founding of the Waldorf School, the right moment was seized when it was possible to do such a thing. — We are always confronted with the fact that one can point to something like this as a powerful force of decline when the education system is at the mercy of a general schematism. Again and again, we can point to examples where this has reached its final stage, as is the case with the constitution of the elementary school. We can point to Lunacharsky's school system in Soviet Russia, where this has been implemented! People there think the way they will think here if this is carried through to its full consequences. The misery in Eastern Europe is what happens when such a way of thinking from unfree schools finds its way into practice.

To arouse enthusiasm with such speeches today, so that people feel the spiritual blood trickling in their souls and feel: there must be a large number of people who understand this and are committed to it, there must be a public opinion spread — with such speeches, I must say that if I have been able to move from spreading spiritual ideas over the last twenty years to using language that appeals not only to the heart in a theoretical sense, but also to the heart as an organ of will, I felt in the Anthroposophical Society, and later in other societies, that I thought to myself: Do people have no ears? It seems as if people were unable to hear what should have been put into practice. It was something that could lead to despair, as was experienced in the fiasco of the World School Association.

The school budget figures speak for themselves, but what goes far beyond the figures is what needs to be emphasized: the immense suffering one feels today when confronted with the lack of interest that exists in the widest circles. We must say to ourselves: certainly, there is interest in these circles in something like the Waldorf school, but interest in the foundations that have been laid for the Waldorf school must also spread in a much more intensive way than is evident today.

What do people think when something like this decree is read out? They think: Yes, perhaps ways and means will be found to push through the lower grades for a few years after all. Even in smaller circles, the prevailing opinion is that perhaps we will have the opportunity to implement this for a few years. But the point is that everyone is sitting behind it today. The school system must develop freely, as has been emphasized since 1919. Of course, this can only be achieved if we, the members of our various associations, who are in complete agreement that such a thing exists, accept what they have to offer and if more and more people join them and become active members. First, the will must arise!

I would like to say that my calculation is as follows: when the figures speak for themselves, we can say that we have no money. Then, once again, a hole is filled by collecting money with great difficulty. But we are not making any progress with this method either. We can only move forward with the method that was envisaged, as discussed by the World School Association. We must have an active belief that what is being done will really become part of public opinion. In order to maintain the Waldorf school and to continue establishing schools, we need public opinion that is growing ever larger, that is moving toward the realization that the old school system only leads to forces of decline in humanity. That is what we need. If we can bring ourselves not just to establish a few small schools here and there in order to carry out a kind of pedagogical quackery, if we decide to bring our educational principles into the public arena so that they become the inner conviction of parents and non-parents alike, only then will we make progress!

Now forgive me if I really cannot avoid saying this: I know that many will recognize what I have just said as correct, will find it quite right, but one only recognizes it as correct when one does something! When one does something! Therefore, we must above all ensure that we do not only establish schools as best we can from the resources we already have, from our branches and our already empty coffers; we must strive to work for the ideas, so that the ideas reach an ever-increasing number of people.

In this regard, we have had the opposite experience. The current issue of the Dreigliederungszeitung announces that in future it will be a magazine for anthroposophy. Why? Because the promising beginnings in the recognition of the threefold social order have come to nothing. Because, basically, we have to return to what we already had in mind before the threefold social order movement. Even though there is much talk about threefolding, it is still the case that one becomes desperate when talking to people. We need above all for this to become public opinion if we want to make progress with the Waldorf school.

I must say that I have been saying this for a long time. But everything else finds more resonance than what I have said today. I would like to say that if I only consider what lives in people's will to be faith, no one believes that anything can be achieved with faith, that humanity can be helped solely on the basis of free educational principles. That would then lead us to a situation where the people who are still able to do so would also accommodate us financially, so that we would not always be at a disadvantage compared to other movements.

The anthroposophical movement is the foundation upon which the Waldorf school movement is built. Even if it can be pushed back by such scandalous things, it has inner conditions for life within itself. Many associations are founded with ample financial resources, but they have no conditions for life within themselves. Associations are founded again and again, and there is money for them. They go under. If everything that humanity spends today on unnecessary associations could be channeled into our channels, then the reports would look different. Then Mr. Leinhas would have to say that our reserve fund is so large that we have to find a way to invest it profitably.

I do not believe at all that the main problem today is that we do not have money. What is lacking is that we are not really trying to assert ourselves with the will to assert our recognized part of spiritual life within the world. What good would it do if I had argued that what we did last year was satisfactory in a certain way? But here, when it comes to a members' meeting, it is necessary to speak from such a perspective. I am quite convinced that the better our Waldorf school becomes, the more important it is that we find a way to bring our educational ideas into the public consciousness, otherwise all our mathematical skills will be of no use to us.

The will must be there in an ever-increasing number of people to convince everyone. In addition, the opinion must be spread that it is necessary for the good of humanity that something like what is germinally present in the Waldorf school continues to grow further and further.

This is what I would like to impress upon those hearts in which the impulse of will resides. We can go a long way if we just remember what is important: that it is important that we really use our will to bring public opinion to where it should be. That is what I have to say.

Discussion following the general meeting on June 20, 1922

I would like to add that a large number of parents have requested that the Waldorf School take action to regulate the relationship between the teaching staff and the parents. What can the parents themselves do for the children? — I would like to say that we will carefully consider in the very near future how we can work in this direction. I myself will try to bring up at parents' evenings what should be brought up in the spirit of these many signatures. We will strive to do what is possible in this direction in the very near future.

We can only expand our circle of co-workers by realizing the circumstances I have spoken of. Something must first be done to shape public opinion so that we can actually work on a larger scale. Then it will be possible to do many things. But as long as what grows on our soil remains the secret of our members, we will not make any progress.

Among other things, a question is asked regarding the official decree mentioned in the speech.

Dr. Steiner: It would not help us to approach the authorities. As many people as possible must be won over to the idea that such a school should exist. The authorities are acting quite correctly if the matter is a matter of law. It is a question of establishing opinions that are an effective force. It is something much deeper. We must resolve to take a more generous view of the matter and say to ourselves: what we consider to be right must become public opinion. It is a matter of getting this idea into as many heads as possible. We must achieve a situation where as many people as possible have a different opinion.

Dr. Steiner (responding to a suggestion): That is out of the question. The formation of public opinion is the only means of bringing the other means into discussion. Winning public opinion is our only practical way forward. We have not done so because far too few of us believe in such a thing. I had in my mind the mental image of the World School Association being promoted in a certain way. If the monthly contribution could be one franc, then we could achieve what such a World School Association would need to achieve. It would simply be a matter of each individual working in the spirit of enthusiasm and determination. Without doing this, we will not make any progress, but will instead end up using up our last reserves. Even if we find many well-meaning members, it is not feasible in practice. Even if such a thing were possible, we would only use up our last reserves. Recent experience has shown us that it is necessary to draw in those circles that are already interested in our cause but are held back by the fact that the majority of the existing membership has the urge to keep it small.

It should be said that it is quite good not to exclude those who are simply unable to pay the full amount after a certain membership fee has been set. Let's keep it between ourselves that it is possible to pay less, in accordance with the statutes.